1. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSSESMENT

2. Environmental impact assessment
 It is a process used to predict the environmental
consequences of proposed major development projects ,to
identify and plan for appropriate measures to reduce
adverse impacts.
 EIA helps the decision makers to identify the likely effects
at an early stage and to improve the quality of project
planning and decision making.

3. NEED OF EIA

4. The major aims of EIA are:
•Resources Conservation
•Waste minimization
•Recovery of by-product
•Efficient use of equipment
•Sustainable Development
Goals of Environment Impact Assessment

5. Role of EIA in Sustainable Development

7. BASE LINE STUDIES
The baseline study involves both field work
and review of data collected from secondary
source.
Land use
Submerge area
Population density
Villege affected
Water table condition
Industrial developevent of that area
Sources of pollution
Details of aquatic life
Public health

8.  Impacts Due to Project Location
(i) Resettlement and Rehabilitation
(ii) Erosion/siltation
(iii) Effects on groundwater
(iv) Impacts on fisheries and fish species
(v) Inundation of mineral resources
 Impacts Due to Project Design
(i) Downstream water quality
(ii) Water quality for irrigation
(iii) Salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging
(iii) Impacts of hydraulic structures
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

9.  IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT CONSTRUCTION
(i) soil erosion/siltation
(ii) Pollution due to construction wastes
(iii) Waste disposal at workers' camps and associated health risks
(iv) Dust, odours, fumes and noise pollution
(v) socio-cultural impacts
 IMPACT DUE TO PROJECT OPERATION
i. Aquatic weed
ii. Health impacts
iii. Impacts on soil
iv. Down stream water quality
v. Change in settlement pattern

10. 1. Helps to understand the change in
environmental quality from the existing
conditions, for quantifying the feasibility of
the project, based on professional knowledge,
information from case studies etc.,
2. Demarks the critical zone and necessitates the
need for Environmental upgradation in such
zones, during emergency situations,
depending on the activity in the region (e.g.
Commercial, Industrial, Residential,
Agricultural etc.)
Assessment of Impacts on Environment

11. MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN
An environmental management strategy will be
developed to mitigate the adverse impacts

12. ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARENCE PROCESS

13. Once it has been determined that a project has
potentially significant impacts on the environment and
the main issues to be considered in the study have
been identified, the EIA has to be undertaken and
presented in the form of an Environmental Impact
Assessment report.
The assessment must determine the significance of
direct and indirect impacts, both beneficial and
adverse, and the duration of the impacts.
EIA Report Preparation

14. Though EIA is considered as a mandatory procedure for meeting
the statutory requirements, it has many inbuilt advantages to the
project proponent and to the society. Few of the advantages are:
 More environmental sustainable design.
 Better compliance with statutory standards.
 Savings in capital and operating costs.
 Reduced time and costs for obtaining clearances.
 Avoid later plant adaptations.
 Reduced health cost.
 Increased project acceptance.
Advantages of EIA

15. Enables to select appropriate technologies to
combat pollution.
Enables to understand the viability of resource
recovery in terms of salvaging from waste, recovery
and recycle etc.
Better Environmental Management Plan can be
designed by understanding the impacts of project
specific pollutants on the environment.
Benefits to the Industry

16. Benefits to the Society
 Can understand the details of the project and its
possible impacts on their environment.
 It enables public to visualize possible accidents,
also to overcome the same with effective
remediation measures.
 Can understand the economic development as
against the natural resources depletion, and
decide on project acceptance in their area well
before project execution

17. Conclusions
 EIA study is a valuable tool for identifying the potential
impacts on Environment and to source appropriate
technologies for mitigating the impacts to tolerable levels.
 The effort put in by professionals in collecting as much
technical details as possible about the project, the Baseline
Data, Meteorological Data etc., will be of great use in
defining a problem with better clarity for a realistic solution.
 EIA is a legal document and any attempt to provide wrong
facts is an offence.
 EIA Study is a protective weapon against vested interest
groups and will defend scientifically and legally the right for
existence of an Environment friendly project.

18. REFERENCES
1. Anonymous (2001).Bioderversity –
India. State of environment. pp77-95.
2.Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes,D
&Smith, M. (1998) Crop
Evapotranspiration guideline. FAO
Irrigation and Drainage Paper.