Thesis report Nitish Kumar

Thesis / Terminal Project
Bachelors in Planning

GENERATING PUBLIC SPACE THROUGH CANAL
FRONT DEVELOPMENT: VIJAYAWADA CITY
May 2012

By: Main Guide:
Nitish Kumar M. V. Sarma,
Reg. No. 2080200012
2008 - 2012 Co-Guide:
Asst. Prof. Bhaskar Gowd S.

Department of Planning
School of Planning & Architecture, Vijayawada
Under the Ministry of Human Resource development, Government of India.

(To be on Printed on SPAV Letterhead)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the thesis titled “GENERATING PUBLIC SPACE THROUGH
CANAL FRONT DEVELOPMENT: VIJAYAWADA CITY”, has been submitted by Mr.
Nitish kumar (Reg. No. 2080200012, Batch 2008-12) at the Department of Planning,
towards partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor’s Degree in
Planning. This is a bonafide work of the student.

………………………………. …………………….……………….
Dr. Ayon K. Tarafdar Main Guide:
Head, Department of M. V. Sarma
Planning Retired Assistant Planner
VGTM UDA

……………………………………..
Co-Guide:
Bhaskar Gowd S.
Date: 22nd June 2012 Assistant Professor
Seal:

i

UNDERTAKING

I, Mr. Nitish Kumar, the author of the thesis titled “GENERATING PUBLIC SPACE
THROUGH CANAL FRONT DEVELOPMENT: VIJAYAWADA CITY”, hereby declare
that this is an independent work of mine, carried out towards partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the award o the Bachelor’s Degree in Planning at the
Department of Planning, School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada. The work
has not been submitted to any other organization / institution for the award of any
Degree/Diploma.

………………….……………….
Nitish Kumar
Reg. No. 2080200012
2008-2012
Bachelor of Planning

Date: 22nd June 2012

ii

DISCLAIMER

The content produced in the thesis report is an original piece of work and takes due
acknowledgement of referred content, wherever applicable. The thoughts expressed
herein remain the responsibility of the undersigned author and have no bearing on
or does not represent those of School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada.

……………………….……………….
Nitish Kumar
Reg. No. 2080200012
2008-2012
Bachelor of Planning

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have completed my thesis for bachelor degree with the help of my faculties, govt.
authorities, my dearest friend and family members, without their this work was like
to search water in the desert.

First and foremost I offer my sincerest gratitude to my Main guide, M.V. Sarma, and
co-guide, Bhaskar Gowd S., who have supported me throughout my thesis.

I thank to the HOD of planning department Dr. Ayon K. Tarafdar and thesis
coordinator Mr. Valliapan AL sir for his valuable suggestion, precious time for the
discussion and his support in completion of this thesis.

I would like to thank to the officers/staff of VGTMUDA, VMC and Irrigation
department who helped me in the secondary data collection.

I would like to express my gratitude to my friends and special thanks to Mr. Suraj
Kumar, Mr. Amber Anand, Mr. Ajay Kumar, Mr. Rashid MKC, Mr. Rajiv R. Nair, Mr.
Ashish Mohan, Miss. Sonika Rajput, Miss. Harshbir Kaur Dhaul and all my friends for
their possible support in primary data collection and their suggestion to complete
this thesis.

I would like to thank to computer lab in charge Mr. Suresh and Mr. Mallesh to
provide all printing materials on time and to Mr. Durga for his help.

Finally I offer my sincerest gratitude to my parents and brothers for their love and
their support which helped me to cross all the hurdles coming in my successful
education life.

iv

ABSTRACT

Vijayawada, Class 1 city having a population of 10, 48.000 (Census 2011) is the fast
growing and the 3rd largest city in the state of Andhra Pradesh spread over the area
62 km2, spreading along northern side of the River Krishna.

There are three canals in Vijayawada municipality namely Eluru canal, Ryves canal
and Bandar canal. For the study purpose Ryves canal has been taken among 3 canals
of the city. The purpose of the study is to generate more open space for the city
people. Since as in the master plan 2021, only 0.61% (i.e. 38 Ha) of total municipal
area was used for recreational purpose by 2004 and 3.33% (i.e. 205.82 Ha) of total
municipal area will be used for recreational purpose by 2021.

For the study, measurement survey on the land available along the canal berms has
been carried out and different analysis like Landuse analysis, accessibility analysis
and area analysis have been done. After that land allocation on the basis of different
activities has been done.

Along the Ryves canal common issues and problems were found like canal berms are
converted in to a dump yard, berms encroached upon by poor people, stagnated
water in canal becoming breeding grounds of mosquitoes, flies and other insects.
This polluted canal water goes to agricultural land for irrigation purpose. Over all
one can say that instead of giving benefit to the city people, canals are the cause for
the degrading city environment. It is also the cause of health issues occurring among
the city people.

After this study total available land for the development along the canal is 37.17 Ha
which includes 9.9 Ha of land as reclaimed land and rest land includes vacant land,
developed parks and encroachments. Recreational area will increase by two times
(i.e. from 38 Ha to 75.17 Ha) in other words recreational area will be 1.2 % of the
total municipal area, in the proposed recreational space there will be 5% of
increment. Other than this city would not have hazardous settlements along the
Ryves canal, recreational spaces and some economic generating activities would be
increased. This canal can be the medium for the social integration (i.e. integration of
people coming from different region, religion, cast etc.). This development will also
promote pedestrian movement by reducing the use of motorized vehicle.

v

CONTENTS
Certificate i
Undertaking Ii
Disclaimer iii
Acknowledgements iv
Abstract v
Contents vi
List of Tables viii
List of Figures viii
List of Plates ix

Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Importance of public space in urban areas 1
1.2 Canal front development 2
1.3 Introduction of Vijayawada 2
1.3.1 About the Vijayawada city 2
1.3.2 Location of Vijayawada city 2
1.3.3 History 3
1.3.4 Geography arrangement 3
1.3.5 Climatic condition 3
1.4 Canals of Vijayawada 4
1.5 Growth of the city 5

Chapter 2: Research Background 6
2.1 Need of the research 6
2.1.1 Lack of Recreational area 6
2.1.2 Underutilization of canal berms 6
2.1.3 Canal: causes of Disease of Vijayawada 7
2.1.4 Scorching summer climate 7
2.2 Potential of the city 7
2.3 Issues and Problems 8

Chapter 3: Aim, Objective and Methodology of the study 11
3.1 Aim 11
3.2 Objective 11
3.3 Methodology 12

Chapter 4: Literature study 13
4.1 Kuching waterfront, Sarawak, Malaysia 13
4.2 Sabarmati river front development, Ahmadabad city, India 14
4.3 Floating Market, Bangkok 17

vi

4.4 Conclusion 18

Chapter 5: Identification of the Potential Government land 19
5.1 Canal details 19
5.2 Surrounding Landuse detail along the canal 20
5.3 Existing Recreational area 22
5.4 Reason behind the selection of Ryves canal 22
5.5 Delineation of the study area 23
5.5.1 Existing area classification under the delineated study area 23
5.5.2 Existing slum settlements within the delineated area 26
5.5.3 Rehabilitation plan by VMC for the existing slum along Ryves canal 27
5.5.4 VAMBAY Scheme 29

Chapter 6: Analysis 30
6.1 Perspective behind the proposal 30
6.2 Available land along the canal for development 32
6.3 Slum Settlement analysis along the Ryves canal 41

Chapter 7: Proposals and Recommendations 42
7.1 Perspective behind the land allocation 42
7.2 Potential of developable land for different activities 42
7.3 Comparison: Existing Landuse vs. Proposed Landuse 45
7.4 Proposed activities: permitted and non-permitted 46
7.5 Overview of cost estimation 47
7.5.1 Market value of available land along the canal 47
7.5.2 Cost estimation for the land development 48
7.6 Boating in canal 49
7.7 Recommendation 50

vii

LIST OF TABLES

No. Table Title Page No.

1.1 Hydraulic particulars of all canals 4
2.1 Comparison between Vijayawada and Raipur city 6
5.1 Hydraulic particulars of all canals 20
5.2 Collection of revenue from the parks: Vijayawada 22
5.3 Stretch wise area calculation of Ryves canal 25
5.4 Stretch wise slum detail 26
5.5 Detail of Jakkampudi housing project (under JnNURM) 28
6.1 Proposed activities and their benefits for recreation purpose 31
6.2 Stretch wise area classification of land along the Ryves canal 33
6.3 Slum rehabilitation within the study area 41
7.1 Proposed area classification 44
7.2 Compared situation before and after the project 45
7.3 Proposed activities classification 46
7.4 Market value of available land along the canal 2011-12 47
7.5 Overview of the cost estimation for the land development 48

LIST OF FIGURES

No. Figure Title Page No.

1.1 Location of Vijayawada 2
1.2 Canal network 4
3.1 Methodology diagram 12
5.1 Canal network 19
5.2 Surrounding Landuse detail along the Ryves canal 21
5.3 Existing area classification under the delineated study area 24
5.4 Percentage distribution of available land 25
5.5 Slum settlements along the Ryves canal 27
5.6 Location of Jakkampudi housing 28
5.7 Location of VAMBAY Colony project 29
6.1 Perspective diagram for proposal 30
6.2 Area classification without retaining wall: Existing 34
6.3 Area classification after retaining wall: Existing 34
6.4 Area analysis 35
7.1 Perspective diagram for land allocation 42
7.2 Identification of Potential land for the Development 43
7.3 Area classification: proposed 44
7.4 Proposed design of access point to the canal 49

viii

LIST OF PLATES

No. Figure Title Page No.

2.1.A Direct dumping of solid waste on the berms 9
2.1.B Direct dumping of solid waste on the berms 9
2.2.A Direct discharge of black water 9
2.2.B Direct discharge of city sewage 9
2.2.C Direct discharge of household waste 9
2.3.A Encroached shops 9
2.3.B Encroached shops 9
2.4.A Slum houses close to electric sub station 10
2.4.B Slum houses under the high tension line 10
4.1 Cross section of the developed land, Kuching waterfront 13
4.2 Proposed public space along the Sabarmati River Ahmadabad 15
4.3 Vibrant activities for recreation along Sabarmati river 16
4.4 Informal markets along the Sabarmati River 16
4.5 Klong Lad Mayom Floating Market, Bangkok 17
4.6 Bang Phli Floating Market, Bangkok 17
4.7 Floating Market, Damnoen Saduak, Thailand 18

Note: All photographs (plates) have been taken by the author unless until it is not
mentioned.

ix

Generating Public Space Through Canal Front Development: Vijayawada City Chapter 1

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Importance of public space in urban areas
Urban area is more vibrant in terms of activities. Because of urbanisation,
cities having high population densities, there is busy life, heavy traffic movement on
roads, polluted urban environment, people having packed schedule. To minimise the
stress full life of city dwellers it is necessary to have open spaces where people can
spend some leisure time out of their busy or tiring life.

Public places are the places where public communication and social
interaction among large numbers of people occur. Their main role is being loci of
socialization in the city and also they are the stages where alternative public
cultures perform in the public realm of the city. They are dynamic urban spaces
which are always subjected to transformations of the city and its inhabitants.

Space created for public use where people can enter for individual or public
interests without social discrimination. If well organised, it will help to enhance
cohesion of community life, positively change the public behaviour, and increase the
community awareness, promote individual identity and have a certain degree of
local cultural meanings.

Definition of public space:

« Public space is, by definition, space used by those who do not individually
control it » (Habraken, 1998)

« The space that appears to the whole community » (Drummond, 2000)

« The place that all residents have the right to use » (PuMiao, 2001)

In conclusion, public spaces function as an element that links the places and
people. Public spaces are always shared in use by the whole community.

Nitish Kumar (Regn. no. 2080200012; B. Planning; Batch: 2008-2012) 1


1.2 Canal front development
Before knowing canal front it is necessary to know what is waterfront. The
answer is ‘’land abutting a body of water’’, water body can be pond, canal, river,
ocean etc. in the same way the land abutting a canal is known as water front. To
make canal front more active for the city people in terms of different activities is
known as canal front development.

1.3 Introduction of Vijayawada

1.3.1 About the Vijayawada city
It is the 3rd largest city of Andhra Pradesh, spread over 61.88 sqkm, with
population of 10, 48,000 as per the Census- 2011

It is well connected by Air, domestic airport located at Gannavaram. It is the head
quarter of South-Central railway and busiest and biggest railway station situated
along Chennai-Howrah and Chennai-Delhi rail route. It is also well connected by
road network to the rest of the nation by NH-5, NH-9 and NH-221.

1.3.2 Location of Vijayawada
Figure1.1

Source:
http://www.24point0.co
m Source:http://maps.google.co.in


Generating ublic Space Through Canal Front Development: Vijayawada City Chapter 1

1.3.3 History
Settlements started during 5th or 6th A.D around the Indrakiladri hill. History
tells that the vengi, chola, chalukya, kakathiyas&muslimdynesties gave their
contribution in the growth of city around the hills near Krishna River. In 1800 A.D.
britishers came and they constructed railway bridge across the River Krishna
subsequently in 1855 they constructed Prakasham barrage & three canals for
irrigation and navigation purpose and the rail bridge over the river Krishna in 1892.
During 1888, Vijayawada was constituted as a Municipality and became Municipal
Corporation in 1981.

Today NH-5, NH-9, Krishna River and three canals (namely Eluru canal, Ryves canal
and Bandar canal) are the backbones of the development of urban sprawl of
Vijayawada.

1.3.4 Geography arrangement

Vijayawada city is surrounded by the Krishna River on the southern side and
by the Budameru River on the north. The northern and north-western parts of the
city are covered by a low range of hills, while the central, south-western and north-
eastern parts are covered by rich and fertile agriculture lands with three major
irrigation canals. The topography of Vijayawada is flat, with a few small to medium
sized hills. Three canals originated from Krishna River run through the city. Due to
the presence of the Krishna River the soil around here is very fertile and cultivated
intensively. Slope of the city is from west to east direction.

1.3.5 Climatic condition
The climate is tropical, specifically a tropical wet and dry climate, with hot
summers and moderate winters. The peak temperature reaches 47 °C (117 °F) in
May–June, while the winter during december and january maximum temperature is
about 29 °C and minimum temperature is about 19 °C. The average humidity is 78%
and the average annual rainfall is 103 cm. Vijayawada gets its rainfall from both the
south-west monsoon (from June to September) and north-east monsoon (October to



December). It's nicknamed "Blaze-wada" for its scorching summer heat
by CattamanchiRamalinga Reddy.

1.4 Canals of Vijayawada

There are three canals originating from the northern side of the Prakasham
barrage reservoir, namely Eluru canal (~7.5 KM), Bandar canal (~8KM) and Ryves
canal (~7 KM), run through the city. The Prakasham Barrage and canal channels
were constructed in 1855 for the irrigation & navigation purpose.

Figure 1.2: Canals Network:

Eluru canal

Krishna main
canal

Ryves canal

Bandar canal

KRISHNA
RIVER

source:Google earth

Table 1.1, Hydraulic particulars of all Canals:

Name of the Length within Width Depth Discharge in
Sl no.
canal Municipal limits (m) in m. in m. CUSECS
K.E. Main canal 1,000 58.00 5.00 10,600
1 Eluru canal 7,500 18.29 3.63 1,643
2 Ryves canal 7,000 32.00 3.97 5,236
3 Bandar canal 8.000 24.38 3.68 5,007
Source: Irrigation Department, Vijayawada.
There is a Prakasham barrage reservoir on the Northern bank of the River Krishna;
from this reservoir Krishna eastern main canal is originated further this canal



divided in two three canals namely Eluru, Ryves and Bandar canal. Now a days these
canals are using for irrigation purpose only.

1.5 Growth of the city

The growth of the town during 1855 AD was along the bank of River Krishna
abutting Indrakiladri hills around the temple of Lord Malleswara. During 1905 AD,
the growth started along the canals and areas abutting Indrakiladri and Gandhi hills.
The city grew further along the three canals with more growth along the Bandar
road. As the city grew further along the Eluru roads towards Gunadala hills, because
of better infrastructure and transportation facilities, it added many of the
surrounding villages and the area of jurisdiction of the municipalities has increased
from around 30 sqkm in 1888 to 58 sqkm in 2004.



Chapter 2: Research Background

2.1 Need of the Research

2.1.1 Lack of Recreational area

As per the size of the city, it comes under the category class-I city. But as seen
from the Zonal development plan-2021, approved for Vijayawada city zone (within
municipal corporation limits as on 2006) there is lack of open spaces; only 3.33% of
total area was shown for recreation purpose since no government lands available.
Hence, to overcome the shortage of open space within corporation limits, it is
identified that the city is having potential for development of recreation space in
terms of the area under canals berms since 3 canals are passing through the city.

Comparison with UDPFI: according to UDPFI 20-22% area of the large city
should be used for the recreational purpose.
In comparison to Raipur city, Vijayawada city is having very less percentage
of recreational area i.e. it will be only 3.3 % as per the Master plan 2021.
Table 2.1, Comparison between Vijayawada and Raipur
Sl no. Population Total area Recreational area % Source area
Raipur 1064045 10276 Ha 2168 Ha (21.1 %) CDP 2006-13
38 Ha. (0.61%) in 2004,
Master plan
Vijayawada 10,48,000 6188.10 Ha 205.82 Ha (3.33%) in
2021
2021
Note: Recreational spaces in Raipur: 211 Ha per 1000 persons; and in Vijayawada: 0.2
Ha per 1000 persons.

2.1.2 Underutilization of Canal berms

The present scenario is such that the canal berms instead of giving benefits to
the city, they became major cause for degrading the city environment as the canals
are polluted due to the solid waste & sewage coming from city households as well as
slums located on canal berms. Open berms are used by poor people for defecation as



well as they are using this berms for their living. Due to the lack of enforcement of
law, poor people has encroached open land which is the major cause of forming
hazardous slums along the canal berms. These slum people are directly discharging
black water to the canal.

2.1.3 Canal: Cause of Diseases

Due to the waste disposal, water get polluted which is the major cause of
transmitted diseases i.e. diarrhea, malaria, filariasis, dengue fever, yellow fever etc.
during off season stagnated water also the major cause for the breeding of
mosquitoes & flies. This polluted water goes to agricultural land for irrigation
purpose. While canal is being used for drinking purpose in downstream beyond the
Municipal Corporation limits.

Source: Health Department, Vijayawada Municipal Corporation

2.1.4 Scorching summer climate

Since the climate is tropical wet and dry, with hot summers and moderate
winters, city becomes heat island. Its nick name is ‘’Blaze-wada’’ for its scorching
summer heat. People hesitate to spend some leaser time due to the lack of
recreational area.
Source: Master Plan of Vijayawada- 2021

2.2 Potential of the city
City is bounded by Krishna River in southern side, Indrakiladri and Gunadala
hills in western and eastern side respectively. Due to these natural barriers
horizontal expansion of the city is limited. Even though Vijayawada city is fastest
growing city in the state of Andhra Pradesh due to the presence of three canals, NH
5, NH 9 and its good road network. All these three canals can participate in the city
growth after giving some following consideration.
1. Krishna River and three canals (namely Eluru canal, Ryves canal and Bandar
canal) passing through the city are the backbones of the development of
urban sprawl of Vijayawada.



2. Land abutting canals can be developed for the recreation purpose for the city
people.
3. Availability of water in the canal is around 9 to 10 months in a year which can
be used for boating.
4. Plantation and maintenance of berms can create fresh environment.
5. Easily accessible through roads.
6. Developed canal front can attract people from commercial and residential
zones for their recreation purpose.
7. Since, Ryves canal is having high depth and widest canal among all available
canals; it can be used for boating purpose.

2.3 Issues and Problems
Due to the lack of waste management system, vacant land along the canal is
used as a dumping site. Generally dumping wastes are coming from shops,
households and small scale industries. There is direct discharge of city sewage in to
the canals. Poor people are using canal berms for open defecation or for
construction of small huts for their livelihoods. Poor people are encroached canal
berms for the settlements. These slums are considered as hazardous slum by VMC
authorities. These slums are prone to flood.
Other than these problems there are some environmental issues like Canal
creates unhygienic environment due to the degradation of organic waste existing in
the canal and canal also becomes a breeding of mosquitoes, flies etc.

Flooding of roads by sewage occurs due to encroachment, silting and solid
waste dumping on the drainage channels, which leads to the canals in the city.

The drains empty themselves in to the canals polluting the canals and also
the environment along the canals.



Plate 2.1.A: Direct dumping Plate 2.1.B: Direct dumping
of solid waste on the berms of solid waste on the berms

Plate 2.2.A: Direct discharge Plate 2.2.B: Plate 2.2.C: Direct discharge
of black water Direct discharge of household waste
of city sewage

Plate 2.3.A: Encroached shops (small Plate 2.3.B: Encroached shops (tailor,
carpenter shops, blacksmith, painter bicycle repair shops, electronic shops,
shops etc.) garment shops, book shops etc.)



Plate 2.4.A: Slum houses close to Plate 2.4.B: Slum houses under
electric sub-station the high tension line



Chapter3: Aim, Objective and Methodology

3.1 Aim
Enhance the share of public spaces by effective utilization of available
government land along the canal by restoring the natural canal waterfront:
Vijayawada

3.2 Objectives

1. Identification of the potential government land along the canal

2. Creation of usable open space for recreational purpose

3. Identify the suitable recreational facilities to be proposed on the developed
land

3.3 Methodology
Vijayawada as the case area has been selected because there are three canals.
After that selection of stretch has been done based upon the width, location,
surrounding activities etc. than area was delineated to carry out the study, in data
collection has primary survey and secondary data collection has been done. After
that in analysis mapping, identification of issues and problems, area analysis,
surrounding Landuse analysis has been done. In next stage after identification of
strategies proposal has been given. The Proposal consists for the development of
land along the canal and the potential identification for different activities. Main idea
behind the proposal is to provide vibrant recreational activities to the city people.
Mainly proposal based for pedestrian and ecofriendly use of activities.



FIGURE 3.1 METHODOLOGY DIAGRAM
Basis: Location, Width, Depth, Identification of potential govt.
Selection of Case Area land
Surrounding Landuse,

Delineation of Canal Fronts Creation of usable Recreational
Aim & Objectives
(Land available in between space
canal and adjacent road)

Mapping: Landuse detail, Area Identification of suitable
Selection of Stretch activities for developed land
analysis, Ownership &
Encroachments details

Identification of Issues & Data Collection
Primary (Landuse survey,
Problems measurement survey)
Secondary (data collection from
Under utilization of land, Waste Analysis Irrigation dept. VMC, VGTMUDA,
disposal, Encroachments, Revenue dept.
Health issues etc.

Proposals

Construction of Recreational Revenue Generation
Pedestrian lane Navigation
Retaining Wall Areas Activities

Commercial shops, Advertisements,
Parks, Gardens, Footpath,
Land filling Gaming Zones, Bar & Restaurants,
Tree farming Jogging
sport center
Nitish Kumar (Regd. no. 2080200012; B. Planning; Batch: 2008-2012) 12


Chapter 4: Literature Study
4.1 Kuching waterfront, Sarawak, Malaysia

Proposed landscape redevelopment for commercial
riverside marketplace along Jalan Gambier
(Source: http://fabserver.utm.my)
Plate no 4.1 Cross section of the developed land,
Kuching waterfront
Kuching's waterfront is a
significant commercial
area where trading
activities concentrated
along Main Bazaar and
Gambier Street areas on
the south bank, with the
Astana and Malay villages
around it on the north
bank of Sarawak River.
This project studies the
landscape redevelopment
of the riverside
marketplace to revitalize
the environment for
commercial, recreation
and tourism benefits. The
marketplace serves as
Source: http://fabserver.utm.my
public realm that displays
local characters and helps to promote the place to outsider. However, the issue of
duplication and homogenization of waterfronts have result the development do not
fits well into the city and meets the needs of the people. Moreover, the marketplace
faces traffic congestion, poor facilities and illegal structure construction, which



disturbs the visual quality of the place. The main objective of this redevelopment
proposal is to

strengthen the commercial and recreational activities which reflects character,
social, culture and identity of the place. The design considers visual character and
quality of the place as a riverside marketplace. Social and cultural events and
festivals as well as history and architecture of the place are the important aspects of
the design. The design concept is festive market which represents the positive
cultural traits, trading activities for seasonal and diurnal times displaying a variety
of daily and local products in the colonial buildings, Chinese shop houses and also
the new amenities provided. The master plan comprises of three zones including
transition area, dry market and wet market that reflects different characters and
functions in each location. The design applies a metaphor of ripple originating at a
square (Teluk Sampan) and the development spreads to east and west in Dayak art
motives. The wet market is comprised of meat and vegetable markets and a
traditional market. At the traditional market the spatial arrangement is derived from
longhouse architecture where the apartment and loft stand for the market historic
building, the gallery (Ruai) and (Barok) stand for the semi open market stores, and
the deck (Tanju) stand for the open spaces towards the river. In addition, the
extension bridges enclosed the jetty that served as viewing platform and linkage to
the promenade. Finally, the lookout tower as a focal point at (Teluk Sampan)
allowed viewing vistas to all over the waterfront compound. This project will
revitalize the waterfront, enhance the quality of life and meet the demand of healthy
environment for public involvement.

4.2 Sabarmati river front development, Ahmadabad
city, India
(Source: www.sabarmatiriverfront.com)

The Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project began as an urban renewal project
to significantly improve the spatial structure and habitat conditions of the river and
adjoining areas. This project aims to transform Ahmedabad’s historic yet neglected
river into a vibrant and vital focus for the city.



The development project encompasses both banks of the Sabarmati for a 10.5 kms
Stretch, which creating approximately 185 hectares of reclaimed land. The project
includes water management systems to minimize flooding in traditionally flood-
prone areas and to clean up the Sabarmati with new sewage treatment
infrastructure. A key element of the project is a new linear two-level promenade.

Plate no: 4.2 Proposed public space along the Sabarmati River Ahmadabad

Source: http://www.sabarmatiriverfront.com

The Riverfront Development reclaims the banks of the Sabarmati, making the entire
stretch of river publicly accessible. The project provides more than ten kilometers of
uninterrupted pedestrian promenade on each bank and public Ghats for direct
access to the water.

Land reclaimed by riverfront development will largely be allocated for free and open
public use; more than 85% of riverfront land will become public infrastructure,
recreational parks, sports facilities, and vast new gardens.

Parts of these public areas will include new space for cultural and civic institutions:
including museums, monuments, performance venues, and exhibition space to
significantly enhance the availability of civic amenities.

The Sabarmati Riverfront will also permanently upgrade iconic informal markets,
create vibrant new spaces for residents and tourists to converge, attend outdoor
events, participate in water-related recreation, and enjoy leisure activities.



Plate no. 4.3 Vibrant activities for recreation along the Sabarmati River

Source: http://www.sabarmatiriverfront.com

The Sabarmati Riverfront Project will enhance the distinctive character of
Ahmedabad, significantly improving the quality of life for residents and enhancing
Ahmedabad’s value as a destination for new employers, institutions, investment,
education opportunities, and tourism.

Plate no. 4.4 Informal markets along the Sabarmati River

http://www.sabarmatiriverfront.com
The riverfront project creates intrinsic value for all residents of Ahmedabad by
making the banks of the Sabarmati free and accessible to the public. The river banks
will evolve continually, adapting to the diverse interests of a rapidly transforming
city.

Slum residents on the riverbed, once vulnerable to seasonal flooding, are being
rehabilitated under direct supervision of the High Court of Gujarat, to permanent,
titled housing units in communities within Ahmedabad city limits. The project is also



creating infrastructure to provide more organized facilities to informal markets that
drive local trade.

4.3 Floating Market, Bangkok
(Source: http://www.bangkok-city.com/shop/floatingmarket.html)
Established more than 150 years ago by Chinese traders, the traditional floating
market at Bang Phli is still going strong. Unlike some other examples in Thailand,
this floating market has managed to escape the pressures of tourism and remain
close to its roots. Rather than cheap souvenirs and Western snacks, visitors will find
traditional Thai food here, as well as locally produced fruit and vegetables and other
food products. Not many Westerners make it to the Bang Phli Floating Market, and
this remains a real gem for visitors who are searching for the "real" Thailand.

Plate no. 4.5 Klong Lad Mayom Plate no. 4.6 Bang Phli Floating
Floating Market, Bangkok Market, Bangkok

Source: http://www.bangkok-city.com Source: http://www.bangkok-city.com



Plate no.4.7 Floating Market, Damnoen Saduak, Thailand

Source: http://www.masterfile.com/stock-photography

4.4 Conclusion

After the study of all above case areas, it is clear that water bodies can be used for
social purpose, along the Ryves canal vibrant activities can be developed for public
use, which includes waterfront parks, pedestrian lane, markets, some activities for
the generation revenue, boating etc. Development of land along the Ryves canal will
helpful in social integration, cultural development, can change the character of the
city.



Chapter 5: Identification of the Potential
Government Land

5.1 Canal details:

The Prakasham Barrage and canal channels were constructed in 1855 AD for the
irrigation & navigation purpose.Krishna River section has been divided in to two
section A) Krishna Eastern bank river section and B) Krishna Western bank river
section.

From Krishna western bank river section, Buckingham canal is originating
which goes to Chennai and from Krishna bank river section three canals are
originating i.e. Eluru canal (~7.5 KM), Bandar canal (~8KM) and Ryves canal (~7
KM), run through the city.

Figure 5.1: Showing Canal Network:

Source: google earth



Table 5.1, Hydraulic particulars of all Canals:

Name of the Length within Width Depth in Discharge in
Sl no.
canal municipal limits (m) in m. m. CUSECS
K.E. Main canal 1,000 58.00 5.00 10,600
1 Eluru canal 7,250 18.29 3.63 1,643
2 Ryves canal 7,000 32.00 3.97 5,236
3 Bandar canal 6,600 24.38 3.68 5,007
Source: Irrigation Department, Vijayawada.
Among all three canals Ryves canal is having highest depth, width and with highest
water discharge, this canal is passing through the core area with major land use i.e.
Residential and commercial Landuse (Figure 5.2). This canal is accessible by roads.
Parcel of lands along the canal is occupied by slum people

5.2 Surrounding Landuse detail along the Ryves
canal
One town and two town area is known as major retail commercial zone in the city.
Autonagar is known for workshop and production of Automobiles. Residential
Landuse is dominant in the other parts of the city (Figure 5.2). Due to the presence
of hills and Krishna River in southern part city has limited land for the expansion of
the city or one can say that presence of hills and Krishna River restrict the growth of
Vijayawada even though this city is politically active and 3 rd largest city of the state.

Three canals namely Eluru, Ryves and Bandar canal and NH 5 & 9 are the backbone
for the growth of the city. Among all three canals, Ryves canal is passing through the
core area of the city with major Landuse of commercial and Residential. Maximum
lands abutting canal is either occupied by slums or used as dumping place. Few plots
are developed as park which is not properly maintained. Total length of the canal
coming under municipal area is around 7 km: which can be divided in to three zones
(Figure 5.2) under which around 2 km of canal length is passes through the major
commercial zone; around 2.2 km of canal is passes through residential zone and rest
2.8 km length is mainly occupied by slum people. This canal is accessible by roads.


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