meaning

1. UNIT-I
MEASUREMENT AND
EVALUATION IN PHYSICAL
EDUCATION

2. WHAT IS TEST…
 A test is a device or technique used to measure the
performance, skill level, or knowledge of a learner on a
specific subject matter.
 A test is a specific tool, or procedure used to draw out or elicit
a response from the students in order to gain information.
 Test is a tools or instrument or means for collection of
information of any attributes, properties or enquiry of any
person or any thing. We also call sometimes, test as a
examination or quiz.
 A test is commonly defined as tool or instrument of
measurement that is used to obtain data about a specific trait or
characteristics.

3. Measurement…
 Measurement is the technique of evaluation that uses tests and
other procedure & instrument, is generally precise and objective,
generally results in quantitative data and characteristically can
express its results in numerical form when indicating ability or
capacity in some traits or characteristic involving fitness, motor
skill, knowledge, value or process.
 A measurement is a score that has been assign on the basis of the
test.
 It is the process of collection of data on the properties or
attributes of interest during the administration of test or by some
other reliable sources the measurement takes place.

4. Evaluation...
 The statistical treatment of analysis of data as per the
purpose of the test is called evaluation.
 “Evaluation is the process of determining the value or worth
of measurements collected through tests”
 Evaluation is a process of education that uses data gathered
from the products and the process by means of measurement
technique.
 Evaluation becomes a process for judging how effective the
educational experience has been for the students.

5. Relationship between Test, Measurement and Evaluation
From the meaning and definitions, it is obvious that a
term test, measurement and evaluation are interrelated.
The test are specific instrument for measurement .
Administration of a test is a process of measurement,
without test, measurement is not possible.
Measurement is a technique necessary for evaluation.
It represent status of a certain attributes or properties and
is a terminal process.
Measurement describe a situation, evaluation judges
its worth of value.
Measurement is a technique of evaluation and test are tool
of measurement.

6. Evaluation is a broader term more complex process then
test and measurement. Many times the evaluation is express
in qualitative terms. Evaluation determine the extent to
which objectives are made as is on going and continuous
process. In the evaluation while complaining to the objective
the conclusion should based up on round judgment ,the
quality may be improved.
The term test, measurement and evaluation are
clearly distinct but related. Teacher obtained measures
from test in order to make fair evaluation about specific
trait or characteristics of the students.
An evaluation often involves one or more tests and
in term a test is involved one or more measurement.

7. Some corresponding example for test, measurement and
evaluation indicating inter-relationship among them
some corresponding example for
Test Measurement Evaluation
i) Question paper of
written examination.
i) Answer book written
by students are given
scores by the examiner.
i) Fail/Pass in individual
paper.
ii) Questionnaire of
surveys.
ii) Scoring by the
researcher.
ii) Assigning individual
values bad, good, very
good, excellent, to each
answer.
iii) Weighting machine or
Thermometer etc.
iii) Weight in kg.
temperature in degrees
etc.
iii) Assigning status
(above or below average
etc. to each
measurement).

8. Need & Importance of Test, Measurement &
Evaluation in Physical Education
 To formulate the objective.
 To realize whether the set objective have been achieved or not
 If objective have not been achieved. Then restarting the objective.
 To understand the need, objectives and capacities of an individual
people and interest also.
 Evaluate the learner /feed back for the student.
 To evaluate teaching that is feed back for the teacher (to make the
teaching more concrete and effective)
 To evaluate programme and curriculum in relation to objectives.
 appraisal of progress of improvement of learner from time to time
 Diagnosis of learning problems.
 Future influence or prediction of future.

9.  Test, Measurement and Evaluation as a tool of Research.
 For screening purpose
 This can be for the students as well as the players.
 For selection purpose(objectives, skill, test)
 Diagnosis of postural defects.
 To judge the value of worth of the coaching camp.
 For clinical purpose(B.P, Hernia, etc)
 Essential for guidance and counseling programme.
 Student performance
1) Diagnosis 2) Classification 3) Achievement
4) Improvement 5) Motivation
 Teacher performance
1) Assignment of grades 2) Evaluation of units of instruction
3) Evaluation of the curriculum 4) Teaching effectiveness
5) Public realation

10. Modern/Current trends in measurement & evaluation
 In the modern year the living style, education
standards , performance standards, physical fitness
standards etc are changed. Therefore the measurement
& testing technique, need of measurement &
evaluation are become an important for part of life.
Current trends suggest that physical education and
other physical activity-based programs are at a
crossroads. Measurement & evaluation play
important role in the response to each role.

11. Increased Accountability:
 The verification of educational attainment is an essential application
of measurement & evaluation. Many states are requiring
undergraduate students to pass pre-professional exams before
entering the sequence of teacher preparation courses; states are
implementing competency tests for certified teacher; and local
boards are demanding that teacher be held accountable for their
performance and the achievement of their students. Declining
physical fitness scores, increasing numbers of obese individuals, and
poor health habits do little to exempt physical education from critical
review.
 To respond to these trends and restore credibility to physical
education, practitioners must begin to reevaluate their present
programs in terms of the product(wellness) & the culture. The
increased emphasis on accountability has created an all-important
niche for measurement and evaluation.

12. Importance of Health-Related Physical fitness:
 Obesity, poor cardiovascular functioning, low back pain, and inadequate
muscular strength & endurance are factors attributes to a sedentary
lifestyle. It is encouraging that these health problems can be positively
altered through planned programs of exercise & physical activity. Interest
in health-related physical fitness is responsible for rapid increased in
private enterprises dedicated to physical activity programming. Corporate
centers, colleges & universities, and even small businesses are offering
exercise programs to enhance the health and well-being of their employees.
 California Physical and Health-Related Fitness Test were published in the
late 1980s. This report indicated that only 16% of fifth graders, 20% of
seventh graders, & 26% of ninth graders met the minimum standards for
abdominal strength, arm & shoulder strength, flexibility of lower back, and
cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by the AAHPERD Physical Best
test(AAHPERD,1990

13.  Design & development of equipment to aid in the measurement
of human performance parameters. Using sophisticated
scientific equipment to obtain computer-generated readouts of
heart rate, oxygen consumption, blood pressure, and other
variables associated with cardiovascular efficiency is becoming
a common learning experience. Items such as computerized
pulse-o-meters and skin fold calipers, which give a digitized
accounting of heart rate & electronically convert thickness of
skin fold to percentage of body fate, respectively, are now
available .
Increased Sophistication of Measurement Instruments:

14. Advent of private Physical Activity-Based Programme:-
 In recent years there has been a mark trend toward the
establishment of private enterprises offering directed
programmes of physical activity. Health clubs, fitness centers, &
exercise studios have targeting the sedentary adult population as
the viable market. The program is a course in measurement &
evaluation. It is important to respond to the expending
perspectives on physical education and the variety of non-
Teaching careers that are available to students in movement-
based programmes

15. More Rigorous Programmes:-
 The trend to reform existing educational practices to establish
higher standards in both public and private Education. The time
has also come for physical education to re-establish
programmatic standards and goals. By rising programmes
standards and student expectation & relying on measurement &
evaluation processes to make decisions, physical educators
could join this quest to make Educational programmes more
challenging and fruitful.

16. New Assessment Tools for All Ages & Availabilities:-
 Measurement & Evaluation have been restricted to school age,
college, and young adult populations. However, renewed
interest in the physical performance capabilities of all
individuals has prompted the development of new testing
techniques that are appropriate for pre-school children & the
older adult. These assessment tools are being used to find out
more about the capabilities of individuals at the two ends of the
life-cycle. In addition, empirical research is been conducted to
learn more about physical activity patterns of our nation’s very
young 7 old.

17. Subjective Techniques:-
 Such as rating scales, inventories, check lists, & other
instruments used to assess areas of the effective Domain have
been modified. The focus of this modification has been on
adding objectivity to the instruments. Perceived behavior can
now be readily translated into quantifiable terms & subjected to
proper statistical analysis. Resulting information can be used
to better evaluate the impact on the program or activities on the
whole person.

18. Competency Based Testing:-
 In some states, certified teachers are being required to pass
competency tests in order to retain their professional
credentials. To ensuring quality, competency-based testing may
be used to classify students according to ability. Ability
grouping has been and will continue to be an efficient method
effective method to enhance the instructional setting . On the
whole, grouping students with similar interests and skills
positively contributes to the attainment of program objectives.

19. Research:
 Basic or applied research required a fundamental knowledge of
measurement & evaluation techniques. In this era of increased
accountability it is becoming essential for practitioners to
possess at least the minimum skills needed to conduct fields-
based research. Standardized tests is necessary if we expect
them to produce the quantifiable evidence needed to
strengthen the role of physical education in the total
educational experience