1. PRODUCT ERGONOMICS
& SAFETY
CHAPTER:
USABILITY
NURUL IKHMAR IBRAHIM
SCHOOL OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING
UNIMAP

2. TODAY’S TOPIC
Usability Concept Principles of Designing
& Definition Usable Design Usable Product

3. USABILITY IS HOW EASY A
PRODUCT IS TO USE

4. DEFINITION BY ISO
The effectiveness, efficiency and
satisfaction with which
specified users can achieve
specified goals in particular
environments.
ISO DIS 9241-11
USABILITY CONCEPT & DEFINITION

5. The extent to which a
goal or task is
achieved with the
product.
Does it do what the users
need and want?
EFFECTIVENESS

6. Theamount of
effort required to
accomplish a goal.
How long does it take to
use a product?
How many errors that a
user make before a task
is completed?
EFFICIENCY

7. The level of
comfort and
acceptability of
the product to its users
as a means to achieve
their goals.
How pleasant is it to use
the design?
SATISFACTION

8. WHY?
USABILITY IS IMPORTANT
USABILITY CONCEPT & DEFINITION

9. Usability dependent on:
WHO is using the
product.
PERSON-PRODUCT INTERACTION

10. Usability dependent on:
The GOAL that
they are trying to
achieve.
PERSON-PRODUCT INTERACTION

11. Usability dependent on:
The
ENVIRONMENT
in which the product is being
used.
PERSON-PRODUCT INTERACTION

12. USABILITY FRAMEWORK

13. TODAY’S TOPIC
Usability Concept Principles of Designing
& Definition Usable Design Usable Product

14. THERE ARE 10 PRINCIPLES
OF USABLE DESIGN*
*Jordan, Patrick W. (2002) An Introduction to Usability. Taylor & Francis Ltd.

15. 1:CONSISTENCY
Designing a product so that similar tasks are done in
similar way.
E.g. layout of controls in car (position of clutch, break
and accelerator)

16. 2:COMPATIBILITY
Designing a product so that its method of operation is
compatible with users’ expectations based on their
knowledge of other types of products and the ‘outside
world’.
E.g. handphones with physical keys and touch screen

17. 3:CONSIDERATION OF
USER RESOURCES
Designing a product so that its method of operation
takes into account the demands placed on the users’
resources (5 senses) during interaction.
E.g. watching TV while driving.

18. 4: FEEDBACK
Designing a product so that actions taken by the user
are acknowledged and a meaningful indication is
given about the results of this action.
E.g. tail lights on car

19. 5: ERROR PREVENTION
& RECOVERY
Designing a product so that likelihood of user error is
minimized and so that if errors do occur they can be
recovered from quickly and easily.
E.g. cancel button on ATM machine.

20. 6: USER CONTROL
Designing a product so that the extent to which the
user has control over the actions taken by the product
and the state that the product is in is maximized.
E.g. adjustable chairs.

21. 7: VISUAL CLARITY
Designing a product so that information displayed can
be read quickly and easily without causing confusion.
E.g. labels for controls on product.

22. 8: PRIORITIZATION OF
FUNCTIONALITY & INFORMATION
Designing a product so that the most important
functionality and information is easily accessible to
the user.
E.g. buttons on control panel on dashboard.

23. 9: APPROPRIATE TRANSFER
OF TECHNOLOGY
Making appropriate use of technology developed in
other contacts to enhance the usability of a product.
E.g. remote control.

24. 10: EXPLICITNESS
Designing a product so that cues are given as to its
functionality and method of operation.
E.g. doors in public buildings.

25. TODAY’S TOPIC
Usability Concept Principles of Designing
& Definition Usable Design Usable Product

26. THERE ARE 6 STEPS IN
DESIGNING A USABLE
PRODUCT

27. STEPS IN DESIGNING A
USABLE PRODUCT*
Identify Establish
Identify main effect of each
characteristics
goal(s) characteristics
& relevance
Testing / Review Ensure correct
prototyping compliance design
*Source: EASE OF OPERATION OF EVERYDAY PRODUCTS - PART 1: DESIGN
REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTEXT OF USE AND USER CHARACTERISTICS
(MS ISO 20282-1:2009)

28. Thank You