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History of Public Health in Malaysia 
Health Science
Health Minister of Malaysia 
Datuk Seri Dr S. Subramaniam
The Development of public health 
in Malaysia. 
• Early health care was restricted to 
traditional medicines knowledge among 
the population of Malays, Indians, 
Chinese and the others. 
• The arrival of colonialism brought the 
western medical practice into the 
Malaysia.
The Development of public health 
in Malaysia. 
• Institute for Medical Research (IMR) began 
with a recommendation in 1900 from Sir Frank 
Athelstane Swettenham, the Resident-General 
of the Federated Malay States. 
-Kuala Lumpur was chosen as the site for the Institute 
which having the central 
position in the Malay Peninsula. 
-The institute carry out scientific 
and sustained research into the 
causes, treatment and prevention of scourges as 
beri-beri and all forms of malaria fevers.
The Development of public health 
in Malaysia. 
• Malaysia’s independence in August 
1957,there’s no much is known about 
early public health.
Public Health today in Malaysia 
• Ministry of Health has a competent and 
widespread system of healthcare which operating 
a two-tier health care system consisting of both a 
government-run universal healthcare system 
(public)and a co-existing private healthcare 
system. 
Public hospital Private Hospital
Public Health today in Malaysia 
• Malaysian health care system compulsory 
all doctors need to service in public 
hospital for 4 years to ensure manpower is 
maintained. 
-2 years as housemanship and 2 years for 
government service with the public hospital. 
Housemen having their training in 
the public hospital.
Public Health today in Malaysia 
• The government’s hospitals have the country’s 
best medical facilities. 
• Private hospitals located in city with the latest 
imaging equipment. 
• Health tourism industry has been promote and 
increases. 
Growth of health tourism and 
receipts (2004-2012) 
Sources: MHTC; APHM
Public Health today in Malaysia 
• Government health services in 
particular, financed by taxes from the 
citizen and other public revenues, have 
achieved an awesome coverage for 
primary healthcare.
General Outlook of Public Health 
Tertiary Care 
Referral/regional Hospitals 
Secondary Care 
District Hospitals 
Primary and Preventive Care 
Health Clinics, Polyclinics, 1Malaysia Clinics
Policy and action from our 
government. 
• Health Policies 
- Government wishes to improve the 
refurbishment of existing hospitals, building 
and equipping new hospitals, improvements 
in training, expansion of telehealth and 
improving polyclinics. 
- Malaysian Health Ministry also having some 
efforts to attract more foreign investment 
which can improve the facilities of public 
health.
Policy and action from our 
government. 
• Influenza 
- Government developed a National Influenza 
Pandemic Preparedness Plan (NIPPP) 
- Malaysian population were protected from 
the threat of infectious diseases (eg:H5N1- 
bird flu) 
• Medicine via post 
- renew prescriptions via mail for the chronic 
diseases’ patients (Started in October 2009)
The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) 
• 1Care is a healthcare plan proposed by 
the Najib administration to replace the 
current two-tier healthcare system with 
government-run universal healthcare 
system (public)and a co-existing 
private healthcare system in the hope 
of ensuring more equitable healthcare 
for Malaysians of all classes.
The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) 
• 1Care is reorganized national health 
system that is responsive and provides 
choice of quality health care, ensuring 
universal coverage for health care needs 
of population based on solidarity and 
equity.
The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) 
• Targets of 1Care 
- Personalized care 
- Universal coverage 
- Affordable & sustainable health care 
- Responsive health care system 
- Efficient, equitable, higher quality care and 
better health outcomes 
- Integrated health care delivery system
1Malaysia Clinics 
• Prime Minister Najib's Budget 2010 funded 
RM10 million to organize new 1Malaysia 
Clinics across the whole nation. 
-provide basic medical services for illnesses and 
injuries such as fever, cough, colds, wounds and 
cuts, diabetes, and hypertension. 
-Charges: RM1 for Malaysian, 
RM15 for non-citizens. 
-50 clinics in the nationwide. 
-operating time 10am-10pm 
daily.
Vaccination 
• Mass vaccination is practised in public 
schools and available for all 
Malaysian’s children. 
• The National Immunisation Programme 
provides routine childhood 
immunisations for various infectious 
diseases in our nationwide. 
• The vaccines are free provided by our 
government.
Vaccination 
Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given 
Birth Tuberculosis 1 injection 
Hepatitis B (1st dose) 1 injection 
1 month old Hepatitis B (2nd dose) 1 injection 
2 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping 
cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus 
influenzae type b (Hib) 
(DTaP/IPV/Hib) (1st dose) 
1 injection 
3 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping 
cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus 
influenzae type b (Hib) 
(DTaP/IPV/Hib) (2nd dose) 
1 injection 
5 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping 
cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus 
influenzae type b (Hib) 
(DTaP/IPV/Hib) (3rd dose) 
1 injection
Vaccination 
Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given 
6 months old Hepatitis B 1 injection 
Measles (Sabah only) 1 injection 
10 months old Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection 
1 year old Measles, mumps and rubella 
(MMR) (1st dose) 
1 injection 
18 months old Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping 
cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus 
influenzae type b (Hib) 
(DTaP/IPV/Hib) 4th dose) 
1 injection 
Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection 
4-5 years Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection
Vaccination 
Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given 
6-7 years Measles, mumps and rubella (booster) 
(MMR) 
1 injection 
7 years Diphtheria & tetanus / polio (before 
starting school) 
(DT/IPV) 
1 injection 
12 years Diphtheria & tetanus / polio 
(DT/IPV) 
1 injection 
13 years Human papillomavirus (given if parents 
agree) 
(HPV) 
1 injection 
 2nd dose 1 
month later 
 3rd dose 6 
months later
Vaccination 
• HPV vaccine is free for 
teenagers which are 19 
years old with the 
“Program Vaksinasi HPV 
untuk Wanita.
Disease Control For Vector Species 
• Dengue 
• Malaria 
• Filariasis 
• Japanese Encephalitis
MySihat 
• Malaysian Health Promotion Board 
(MySihat) is a statutory body placed 
under the Ministry of Health. 
• The objective of the Board is to set and 
develop the health promotion schedules 
across different parts and settings 
particularly with the active participation of 
the Non-Governmental Organisations 
(NGOs).
MySihat 
• To improve the health and quality of life, the 
Board undertakes to enable individual, 
organizations and community through trainings 
and other capacity building initiatives. 
• Health Promotion given by the Board 
-Promoting health through sport, cultural and arts 
activities 
-Cardiovascular 
disease prevention 
-Diabetes prevention 
-Mental health. etc.
Private Events For Public Health 
Caring Pharmacy celebrated theirs Health Awareness Day 
Event by providing Body Fat Analysis/BMI, Blood Cholesterol 
Test, Counselling and Medicine Use Review, Blood Pressure, 
Diabetic Foot Assessment, Blood Glucose Test and many 
more.
Private Events For Public Health 
Oral Health Month ‘Let’s 
Aim for Superior Oral 
Health’ 
Oral Health Month offered 
free dental check-ups 
nationwide and promoted 
healthy oral care habits 
with the aim, ‘Our Mission: 
Zero Cavities’ in the past 10 years. In 2013, the campaign 
strengthen its goal to ‘Let’s Aim for Superior Oral Health’ 
bringing the importance of oral health to a higher level for 
Malaysians.
Private Events For Public Health 
Public aerobics 
exercise is opened 
for free at the parks 
in Penang’s area.
Malaysia’s website for Public 
Health Information 
Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine (www.mjphm.org.my/mjphm/) 
-provide the latest information for healthcare
Malaysia’s website for Public Health 
Information 
Hospital Malaysia’s Website (hospitalmalaysia.com.my) 
-provide Malaysia hospital and clinics information 
-provide online free consultation on symptoms of diseases 
-online doctor appointment
The future plans for Public Health in 
Malaysia. 
• The new dengue vaccine will be start using 
in 2016. 
• New dengue vaccine still under evaluation, 
the studies have shown a 60% 
effectiveness against all 4 common 
dengue virus serotypes. 
• But the qualified of the 
vaccine should have an 
80% of success rate 
before available to the public.
Problems 
• Shortage of highly trained specialists 
• Certain medical care and treatment are 
only available in large cities. 
• Rapidly spreading infectious diseases
History of public health in malaysia

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History of public health in malaysia

  • 1. History of Public Health in Malaysia Health Science
  • 2. Health Minister of Malaysia Datuk Seri Dr S. Subramaniam
  • 3. The Development of public health in Malaysia. • Early health care was restricted to traditional medicines knowledge among the population of Malays, Indians, Chinese and the others. • The arrival of colonialism brought the western medical practice into the Malaysia.
  • 4. The Development of public health in Malaysia. • Institute for Medical Research (IMR) began with a recommendation in 1900 from Sir Frank Athelstane Swettenham, the Resident-General of the Federated Malay States. -Kuala Lumpur was chosen as the site for the Institute which having the central position in the Malay Peninsula. -The institute carry out scientific and sustained research into the causes, treatment and prevention of scourges as beri-beri and all forms of malaria fevers.
  • 5. The Development of public health in Malaysia. • Malaysia’s independence in August 1957,there’s no much is known about early public health.
  • 6. Public Health today in Malaysia • Ministry of Health has a competent and widespread system of healthcare which operating a two-tier health care system consisting of both a government-run universal healthcare system (public)and a co-existing private healthcare system. Public hospital Private Hospital
  • 7. Public Health today in Malaysia • Malaysian health care system compulsory all doctors need to service in public hospital for 4 years to ensure manpower is maintained. -2 years as housemanship and 2 years for government service with the public hospital. Housemen having their training in the public hospital.
  • 8. Public Health today in Malaysia • The government’s hospitals have the country’s best medical facilities. • Private hospitals located in city with the latest imaging equipment. • Health tourism industry has been promote and increases. Growth of health tourism and receipts (2004-2012) Sources: MHTC; APHM
  • 9. Public Health today in Malaysia • Government health services in particular, financed by taxes from the citizen and other public revenues, have achieved an awesome coverage for primary healthcare.
  • 10. General Outlook of Public Health Tertiary Care Referral/regional Hospitals Secondary Care District Hospitals Primary and Preventive Care Health Clinics, Polyclinics, 1Malaysia Clinics
  • 11. Policy and action from our government. • Health Policies - Government wishes to improve the refurbishment of existing hospitals, building and equipping new hospitals, improvements in training, expansion of telehealth and improving polyclinics. - Malaysian Health Ministry also having some efforts to attract more foreign investment which can improve the facilities of public health.
  • 12. Policy and action from our government. • Influenza - Government developed a National Influenza Pandemic Preparedness Plan (NIPPP) - Malaysian population were protected from the threat of infectious diseases (eg:H5N1- bird flu) • Medicine via post - renew prescriptions via mail for the chronic diseases’ patients (Started in October 2009)
  • 13. The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) • 1Care is a healthcare plan proposed by the Najib administration to replace the current two-tier healthcare system with government-run universal healthcare system (public)and a co-existing private healthcare system in the hope of ensuring more equitable healthcare for Malaysians of all classes.
  • 14. The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) • 1Care is reorganized national health system that is responsive and provides choice of quality health care, ensuring universal coverage for health care needs of population based on solidarity and equity.
  • 15. The 1Care Program (1Care Concept) • Targets of 1Care - Personalized care - Universal coverage - Affordable & sustainable health care - Responsive health care system - Efficient, equitable, higher quality care and better health outcomes - Integrated health care delivery system
  • 16. 1Malaysia Clinics • Prime Minister Najib's Budget 2010 funded RM10 million to organize new 1Malaysia Clinics across the whole nation. -provide basic medical services for illnesses and injuries such as fever, cough, colds, wounds and cuts, diabetes, and hypertension. -Charges: RM1 for Malaysian, RM15 for non-citizens. -50 clinics in the nationwide. -operating time 10am-10pm daily.
  • 17. Vaccination • Mass vaccination is practised in public schools and available for all Malaysian’s children. • The National Immunisation Programme provides routine childhood immunisations for various infectious diseases in our nationwide. • The vaccines are free provided by our government.
  • 18. Vaccination Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given Birth Tuberculosis 1 injection Hepatitis B (1st dose) 1 injection 1 month old Hepatitis B (2nd dose) 1 injection 2 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (DTaP/IPV/Hib) (1st dose) 1 injection 3 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (DTaP/IPV/Hib) (2nd dose) 1 injection 5 months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (DTaP/IPV/Hib) (3rd dose) 1 injection
  • 19. Vaccination Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given 6 months old Hepatitis B 1 injection Measles (Sabah only) 1 injection 10 months old Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection 1 year old Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) (1st dose) 1 injection 18 months old Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) / polio (see below) / Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (DTaP/IPV/Hib) 4th dose) 1 injection Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection 4-5 years Japanese encephalitis (Sarawak only) 1 injection
  • 20. Vaccination Baby’s age Immunisation offered How it is given 6-7 years Measles, mumps and rubella (booster) (MMR) 1 injection 7 years Diphtheria & tetanus / polio (before starting school) (DT/IPV) 1 injection 12 years Diphtheria & tetanus / polio (DT/IPV) 1 injection 13 years Human papillomavirus (given if parents agree) (HPV) 1 injection  2nd dose 1 month later  3rd dose 6 months later
  • 21. Vaccination • HPV vaccine is free for teenagers which are 19 years old with the “Program Vaksinasi HPV untuk Wanita.
  • 22. Disease Control For Vector Species • Dengue • Malaria • Filariasis • Japanese Encephalitis
  • 23. MySihat • Malaysian Health Promotion Board (MySihat) is a statutory body placed under the Ministry of Health. • The objective of the Board is to set and develop the health promotion schedules across different parts and settings particularly with the active participation of the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs).
  • 24. MySihat • To improve the health and quality of life, the Board undertakes to enable individual, organizations and community through trainings and other capacity building initiatives. • Health Promotion given by the Board -Promoting health through sport, cultural and arts activities -Cardiovascular disease prevention -Diabetes prevention -Mental health. etc.
  • 25. Private Events For Public Health Caring Pharmacy celebrated theirs Health Awareness Day Event by providing Body Fat Analysis/BMI, Blood Cholesterol Test, Counselling and Medicine Use Review, Blood Pressure, Diabetic Foot Assessment, Blood Glucose Test and many more.
  • 26. Private Events For Public Health Oral Health Month ‘Let’s Aim for Superior Oral Health’ Oral Health Month offered free dental check-ups nationwide and promoted healthy oral care habits with the aim, ‘Our Mission: Zero Cavities’ in the past 10 years. In 2013, the campaign strengthen its goal to ‘Let’s Aim for Superior Oral Health’ bringing the importance of oral health to a higher level for Malaysians.
  • 27. Private Events For Public Health Public aerobics exercise is opened for free at the parks in Penang’s area.
  • 28. Malaysia’s website for Public Health Information Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine (www.mjphm.org.my/mjphm/) -provide the latest information for healthcare
  • 29. Malaysia’s website for Public Health Information Hospital Malaysia’s Website (hospitalmalaysia.com.my) -provide Malaysia hospital and clinics information -provide online free consultation on symptoms of diseases -online doctor appointment
  • 30. The future plans for Public Health in Malaysia. • The new dengue vaccine will be start using in 2016. • New dengue vaccine still under evaluation, the studies have shown a 60% effectiveness against all 4 common dengue virus serotypes. • But the qualified of the vaccine should have an 80% of success rate before available to the public.
  • 31. Problems • Shortage of highly trained specialists • Certain medical care and treatment are only available in large cities. • Rapidly spreading infectious diseases