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Fundraising
Thaleia Misailidou
Associate, Marathon Venture Capital
Sources of funds
• Loan – not suitable for high risk ventures
• Self-finance & bootstrap – the default for most
• Venture Capital – high risk, rapid growth path
What you will need to raise VC funding
• Presentation – not 100-page document; a concise & useful guide for yourself,
not only investors
• Spreadsheet – typically on a monthly basis for the next 18-24 months
The seed spreadsheet
• Lay out your plan into specifics
• Development milestones
• Hires
• Campaigns
• Forecasting growth
• Business model & market
• Drivers
• Sales
• Detailed spending plan
• Team
• COGS
• Opex
• Business development
Turning your plan into “Actions”
Translating ”Actions” into “Costs” - The
team
Translating ”Actions” into “Costs” – COGS
and Opex
Translating “Actions” into “Costs” –
Business development
The “Ask”
Key takeaways
• The seed stage business plan is not rocket science; should be simple and concise
reflecting your targets and needs
• Keep in mind it takes 3-6 months to raise the next round and plan what you want to
achieve by then
• Apart from your funding “Ask”, you must also know your longer term plans before deciding
which type of funding to go for
marathon.vc/resources
• Seed spreadsheet
• Term sheet
• Employment agreement
• Contractor agreement
• Series A fundraising guide
• Due diligence list
• Articles of association
• Shareholders agreement
• Executive agreement
thaleia@marathon.vc
Budgeting
Alexia Panagopoulou
Head of Finance, Intale
Forecast of income and expenditure
Monitoring business performance
Why does my company need Budgeting?
General principles
1. Annual Budget is created before each fiscal year
2.Should include monthly phasing
3.Should be updated regularly on quarterly or half year period
12
January February March April … December Total
Existing Customers 25 25 25 25 25 125
New customers 15 15 15 15 30 90
Churn -5 -5 -5 -5 10 -10
Total Customer Base 35 35 35 35 65 205
Revenue Budget
Example SaaS Model Revenue Calculation
Product X Pricing plan Monthly Fee
Basic 30 €
Standard 45 €
Premium 60 €
Internal Historical data
Forward looking assumptions for business evolution
Market information & Market Rules of Thumb
12
Revenue Budget
Separation Variable & Fixed costs
Do not forget small items (e.g utilities, post expenses, bank expenses, various
office expenses)
Do not forget the unexpected -> create cushion
12
Cost items January February March April … December Budget Owner
Salaries 15.000 € 15.000 € 15.000 € 22.500 € 30.000 € HR
IT services 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € IT
Product/Hardware cost 2.000 € 2.000 € 2.000 € 4.000 € 5.000 € Commercial
Marketing/ Branding 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € Commercial
Travel Budget 500 € 500 € 500 € 500 € 500 € All dpt
Professional Advisors 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € All dpt
Offices Expenses & various OH expenses 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € HR
Opex Budget
Inflows & outflows
Payment terms agreed with the customers & suppliers
Tax payment eg VAT, social securities
12
Cash Budget
Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19
Cash Movement -30.000 -24.500 -23.400 -30.000 -25.000 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500
Cash Position 170.000 145.500 122.100 92.100 67.100 54.600 42.100 29.600 17.100 4.600 -7.900 -20.400
200.000
Why budgets fail?
12
• Budget significance usually underestimated/treated as an isolated
exercise
• Inaccurate assumptions
• Not updated regularly
• Not monitored Vs actual results
Building a budget that works
• Be ambitious yet realistic
• Involve key stakeholders
• Set standard review meetings
• for actual Vs planned
• for budget update
• Take actions
a.panagopoulou@intale.com
Reporting and Metrics
Elsa Sahnas
Finance Director, Workable
Why does my company need Reporting?
1. Financial awareness
2. Stick to your budget and ensure you operate with the actual resources you
have
3. Identify issues before they get too big to handle
“If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it.”
Important aspects of Reporting
Chart of
Accounts
Financial
Stateme
s
Other
Managem
nt Reports
Key
Metrics
Chart of Accounts
• Standard accounts provided by your
accounting system or accountant
• Flexibility now in Greece
• Accounts should accommodate your
business needs. Think “what do I
want to keep track of?”
• Use consistency with accounts
across multiple entities for purposes
of consolidated reporting
Financial Statements: P&L
Financial Statements: P&L Budget VS
Actual
Other Management Reports: Monthly
Sales Report
Other Management Reports: Department
Expenses
Key Metrics for all companies
Metric How to calculate
Cash Bank statement
Cash Burn Rate (Ending cash – Beginning cash) / # of
months
Runway Cash / Cash Burn Rate
Gross Margin (Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold) /
Key Metrics for SAAS companies
Metric How to calculate
Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR)
and/or Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)
MRR: Average monthly revenue per
# of customers
ARR: MRR x 12
Churn # of customers who have churned
Total # of customers from prior period
Lifetime value of customer (LTV) Average revenue per customer x
customer lifetime
Customer acquisition cost (CAC)
*also applies to other internet-based
Total Sales and Marketing expenses
# of Customers acquired
Note: The above are metrics that also contain operational information. You will need information outside
your accounting system to capture this.
Key take-aways
• Notice trends and take action immediately
• Most importantly, keep track of your cash and related cash metrics!
elsa@workable.com
Financial Systems – Best
Practices
John Tsakatanis
Financial Systems Director, Workable
Is a Financial System needed from the
beginning?
• Outsourcing Finance and Accounting is common
• No management accounting reporting
• Growing companies need answers on the spot
• Create your financials data from day 1
Management reporting in Excel: Create
your dataset
Management reporting in Excel: Pivots are
your friends
Management reporting in Excel: Drill into
the detail
Management reporting in Excel: More
dimensions
Management reporting in Excel
Reporting from Financial Systems: Xero
Reporting from Financial Systems:
NetSuite
Reporting from Financial Systems:
NetSuite
Benefits of switching to Financial
Systems
• Connect to external data warehouses
• Combine data from different sources
• Use BI tools for analytics
What System?
TYPE
SaaS
Services
Manufactur
ing
Combinati
on
Company profile
SUBSIDIARI
ES
One
Many
CURRENCIE
S
One
Many
SCALABILIT
Y
Low
High
ERP Ready
• Do you need executive dashboards and KPI reporting?
• Do you have duplicate or even triplicate data entry?
tsakatanis@workable.com
The Road to… M&As
Elina Tsadari
Head of Finance, Beat
What is
commonly asked
Due Diligence
A (long) list of requirements
• Corporate Matters (Incorporation documents, AoA, certificates, subsidiaries and their corporate docs, shareholders
agreements, cap table, minutes of board meetings…)
• Financial matters (5 Year Business Plan (!), solid KPI’s, FS preferably audited)
• Tax matters (tax authorities audits, transfer pricing agreements, deferred taxes)
• Customer Base (top 10 customers, risks, post acquisition retention)
• Agreements (Loans and credit, customers, suppliers, employment, leases, partnerships and exclusivity, license, POA’s)
• Employment topics (employees historical and current data, salaries, benefits,bonuses,stock options, labor disputes?)
Due Diligence
… the list continues
● Intellectual Property aka IP (Patends, Trademarks, copyrights, invention assignment
agreements
● Property (Leases, deeds, titles)
● Regulatory issues and/or Litigations, compliance with legal framework
What you need to do
Areas of attention
● Be organised from the very beginning!
● Partner with the right consultants (Legal advisors, Accounting firms etc) - Small hint: it is a
matter of capacity not cost efficiency
● Don’t stress your day to day business
● Opt for a process as simple as possible for your investors
What you should
expect
Moments like these
.
Greek Tech Finance
Network
Thank you

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The Greek Finance Network at Open Coffee #99

  • 2. Sources of funds • Loan – not suitable for high risk ventures • Self-finance & bootstrap – the default for most • Venture Capital – high risk, rapid growth path
  • 3. What you will need to raise VC funding • Presentation – not 100-page document; a concise & useful guide for yourself, not only investors • Spreadsheet – typically on a monthly basis for the next 18-24 months
  • 4. The seed spreadsheet • Lay out your plan into specifics • Development milestones • Hires • Campaigns • Forecasting growth • Business model & market • Drivers • Sales • Detailed spending plan • Team • COGS • Opex • Business development
  • 5. Turning your plan into “Actions”
  • 6. Translating ”Actions” into “Costs” - The team
  • 7. Translating ”Actions” into “Costs” – COGS and Opex
  • 8. Translating “Actions” into “Costs” – Business development
  • 10. Key takeaways • The seed stage business plan is not rocket science; should be simple and concise reflecting your targets and needs • Keep in mind it takes 3-6 months to raise the next round and plan what you want to achieve by then • Apart from your funding “Ask”, you must also know your longer term plans before deciding which type of funding to go for
  • 11. marathon.vc/resources • Seed spreadsheet • Term sheet • Employment agreement • Contractor agreement • Series A fundraising guide • Due diligence list • Articles of association • Shareholders agreement • Executive agreement thaleia@marathon.vc
  • 13. Forecast of income and expenditure Monitoring business performance Why does my company need Budgeting?
  • 14. General principles 1. Annual Budget is created before each fiscal year 2.Should include monthly phasing 3.Should be updated regularly on quarterly or half year period 12
  • 15. January February March April … December Total Existing Customers 25 25 25 25 25 125 New customers 15 15 15 15 30 90 Churn -5 -5 -5 -5 10 -10 Total Customer Base 35 35 35 35 65 205 Revenue Budget Example SaaS Model Revenue Calculation Product X Pricing plan Monthly Fee Basic 30 € Standard 45 € Premium 60 € Internal Historical data Forward looking assumptions for business evolution Market information & Market Rules of Thumb
  • 17. Separation Variable & Fixed costs Do not forget small items (e.g utilities, post expenses, bank expenses, various office expenses) Do not forget the unexpected -> create cushion 12 Cost items January February March April … December Budget Owner Salaries 15.000 € 15.000 € 15.000 € 22.500 € 30.000 € HR IT services 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € 10.000 € IT Product/Hardware cost 2.000 € 2.000 € 2.000 € 4.000 € 5.000 € Commercial Marketing/ Branding 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € Commercial Travel Budget 500 € 500 € 500 € 500 € 500 € All dpt Professional Advisors 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € 5.000 € All dpt Offices Expenses & various OH expenses 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € 3.000 € HR Opex Budget
  • 18. Inflows & outflows Payment terms agreed with the customers & suppliers Tax payment eg VAT, social securities 12 Cash Budget Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19 Apr-19 May-19 Jun-19 Jul-19 Aug-19 Sep-19 Oct-19 Nov-19 Dec-19 Cash Movement -30.000 -24.500 -23.400 -30.000 -25.000 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 -12.500 Cash Position 170.000 145.500 122.100 92.100 67.100 54.600 42.100 29.600 17.100 4.600 -7.900 -20.400 200.000
  • 19. Why budgets fail? 12 • Budget significance usually underestimated/treated as an isolated exercise • Inaccurate assumptions • Not updated regularly • Not monitored Vs actual results
  • 20. Building a budget that works • Be ambitious yet realistic • Involve key stakeholders • Set standard review meetings • for actual Vs planned • for budget update • Take actions a.panagopoulou@intale.com
  • 21. Reporting and Metrics Elsa Sahnas Finance Director, Workable
  • 22. Why does my company need Reporting? 1. Financial awareness 2. Stick to your budget and ensure you operate with the actual resources you have 3. Identify issues before they get too big to handle “If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it.”
  • 23. Important aspects of Reporting Chart of Accounts Financial Stateme s Other Managem nt Reports Key Metrics
  • 24. Chart of Accounts • Standard accounts provided by your accounting system or accountant • Flexibility now in Greece • Accounts should accommodate your business needs. Think “what do I want to keep track of?” • Use consistency with accounts across multiple entities for purposes of consolidated reporting
  • 26. Financial Statements: P&L Budget VS Actual
  • 27. Other Management Reports: Monthly Sales Report
  • 28. Other Management Reports: Department Expenses
  • 29. Key Metrics for all companies Metric How to calculate Cash Bank statement Cash Burn Rate (Ending cash – Beginning cash) / # of months Runway Cash / Cash Burn Rate Gross Margin (Revenue - Cost of Goods Sold) /
  • 30. Key Metrics for SAAS companies Metric How to calculate Monthly Recurring Revenue (MRR) and/or Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) MRR: Average monthly revenue per # of customers ARR: MRR x 12 Churn # of customers who have churned Total # of customers from prior period Lifetime value of customer (LTV) Average revenue per customer x customer lifetime Customer acquisition cost (CAC) *also applies to other internet-based Total Sales and Marketing expenses # of Customers acquired Note: The above are metrics that also contain operational information. You will need information outside your accounting system to capture this.
  • 31. Key take-aways • Notice trends and take action immediately • Most importantly, keep track of your cash and related cash metrics! elsa@workable.com
  • 32. Financial Systems – Best Practices John Tsakatanis Financial Systems Director, Workable
  • 33. Is a Financial System needed from the beginning? • Outsourcing Finance and Accounting is common • No management accounting reporting • Growing companies need answers on the spot • Create your financials data from day 1
  • 34. Management reporting in Excel: Create your dataset
  • 35. Management reporting in Excel: Pivots are your friends
  • 36. Management reporting in Excel: Drill into the detail
  • 37. Management reporting in Excel: More dimensions
  • 39. Reporting from Financial Systems: Xero
  • 40. Reporting from Financial Systems: NetSuite
  • 41. Reporting from Financial Systems: NetSuite
  • 42. Benefits of switching to Financial Systems • Connect to external data warehouses • Combine data from different sources • Use BI tools for analytics
  • 44. ERP Ready • Do you need executive dashboards and KPI reporting? • Do you have duplicate or even triplicate data entry? tsakatanis@workable.com
  • 45. The Road to… M&As Elina Tsadari Head of Finance, Beat
  • 47. Due Diligence A (long) list of requirements • Corporate Matters (Incorporation documents, AoA, certificates, subsidiaries and their corporate docs, shareholders agreements, cap table, minutes of board meetings…) • Financial matters (5 Year Business Plan (!), solid KPI’s, FS preferably audited) • Tax matters (tax authorities audits, transfer pricing agreements, deferred taxes) • Customer Base (top 10 customers, risks, post acquisition retention) • Agreements (Loans and credit, customers, suppliers, employment, leases, partnerships and exclusivity, license, POA’s) • Employment topics (employees historical and current data, salaries, benefits,bonuses,stock options, labor disputes?)
  • 48. Due Diligence … the list continues ● Intellectual Property aka IP (Patends, Trademarks, copyrights, invention assignment agreements ● Property (Leases, deeds, titles) ● Regulatory issues and/or Litigations, compliance with legal framework
  • 49. What you need to do
  • 50. Areas of attention ● Be organised from the very beginning! ● Partner with the right consultants (Legal advisors, Accounting firms etc) - Small hint: it is a matter of capacity not cost efficiency ● Don’t stress your day to day business ● Opt for a process as simple as possible for your investors

Editor's Notes

  1. Στο Marathon, εκτός από investor relations, οικονομικά ή νομικά, ασχολούμαι με επενδυτικές προτάσεις από την πρώτη στιγμή που έρχεται ένα deck και εξετάζουμε την ιδέα, στο due diligence, τα τελικά έγγραφα και τελικά την επένδυση. Έχοντας δει πάνω από 1000 προτάσεις για χρηματοδότηση ως τώρα στο Marathon, θα μοιραστώ μαζί σας ορισμένα βασικά tips και learnings από αυτή τη διαδικασία που ίσως σας φανούν χρήσιμα αν σκοπεύετε να υποβάλλετε τη δική σας πρόταση για Venture Capital funding.
  2. Υπάρχουν τρεις κύριοι τρόποι να χρηματοδοτήσει κανείς την επιχείρηση του. Ο δρόμος του δανείου δεν είναι διαθέσιμος για εγχειρήματα υψηλού ρίσκου καθώς οι τράπεζες αποφεύγουν να δίνουν δάνεια σε νέες επιχειρήσεις με μεγάλο ρίσκο – όχι μόνο στην Ελλάδα αλλά και παγκοσμίως. Υπάρχει και πάντα η επιλογή να χρηματοδοτήσει κανείς μόνος του την ιδέα του με ιδία κεφάλαια ή κάποιους angels, κάτι που είναι και το σύνηθες για τις περισσότερες επιχειρήσεις εκεί έξω, τεχνολογικές και μη. Και, τέλος, υπάρχει και η επιλογή του venture capital, κατάλληλη για εταιρείες τεχνολογίας με δυνατότητα γρήγορης επέκτασης σε μεγάλες αγορές που ξεπερνούν γεωγραφικά σύνορα. Αν λοιπόν περιμένετε η εταιρεία σας να φτάσει σε αποτίμηση μερικών δεκάδων εκατομμυρίων στο μέλλον αυτός είναι ο δρόμος για εσάς.
  3. Καταρχάς, τι χρειάζεται για να υποβάλλει κάποιος πρόταση. Αρχικά, στέλνετε ένα deck με την ιδέα σας. Εδώ να πούμε παρόλο που δεν είναι το κύριο θέμα μας σήμερα και υπάρχουν πολλές πηγές εκεί έξω για τη μορφή της παρουσίασης αυτής, να πούμε όμως ότι δε χρειάζεται 100 σελίδες έγγραφο αλλά μια απλή, συνεκτική παρουσίαση που να συνοψίζει την πρότασή σας. Στη συνέχεια θα σας ζητηθεί το spreadsheet με τις οικονομικές προβλέψεις του πλάνου σας και πάνω σ’ αυτό ακριβώς θα δώσουμε tips σήμερα. Αντίστοιχα και εδώ, δεν βγάζει νόημα να ζητήσει κανείς πλάνο για 3-5 χρόνια από εταιρείες που δεν έχουν καν αρκετά δεδομένα από παρελθόν ώστε να βασίζουν προβλέψεις σε τέτοιο βάθος χρόνου. Συνήθως πρόκειται για ένα πλάνο για τους επόμενους 18-24 μήνες. Η όλη διαδικασία δεν πρέπει να θεωρηθεί εργασιοθεραπεία, αλλα μέσα απ’ αυτή να αποκρυσταλλώνεται το μήνυμα της εταιρείας - χρήσιμο όχι μόνο για τους επενδυτές αλλά και τους εργαζόμενους ή τους πελάτες.
  4. Προτείνουμε λοιπόν να ξεκινήσετε αυτή τη διαδικασία της μεταφοράς των σχεδίων σας στο χαρτί, από το spreadsheet πρώτα και να προχωρήσετε έπειτα στην παρουσίαση γιατί έτσι θα καταλήξετε και στο ask – το ποσόν των χρημάτων που χρειάζεστε για την υλοποίηση του σχεδίου. Πώς θα καταλήξετε στο ask? Ξεκινώντας με την αποτύπωση του σχεδίου σε συγκεκριμένα ενδιάμεσα βήματα σχετικά με το product development ας πούμε ή την ομάδα, προχωράμε στη διαμόρφωση του κόστους που συνεπάγονται αυτά τα βήματα και των εσόδων που περιμένετε από αυτά, κι έτσι θα καταλήξουμε στο ask. Τώρα, θα χρησιμοποιήσουμε ένα ενδεικτικό παράδειγμα σε μια μορφή που έχουμε δει να λειτουργεί για πολλούς founders, όμως το spreadsheet που θα χρησιμοποιήσετε μπορεί να διαφέρει σημαντικά από αυτό ανάλογα και τη φύση του κάθε αντικειμένου. Σημασία έχει να βολεύει τελικά εσάς.
  5. To πλάνο όπως είπαμε εκτείνεται σε 18 μήνες. Πρέπει όμως εδώ να έχετε στο μυαλό σας ότι η διαδικασία εύρεσης του επόμενου γύρου προκειμένου να ολοκληρωθεί χρειάζεται 3-6 μήνες και είναι συνετό να υπολογίζετε 6 μήνες περιθώριο. Επομένως εδώ στην πράξη σκέφτεστε τι μπορείτε να έχετε πετύχει σε διάστημα ενός χρόνου σε επίπεδο προϊόντος, ομάδας, πωλήσεων. Τι θέλετε να δείξετε στον επόμενο επενδυτή προκειμένου να ξεκλειδώσετε τον επόμενο γύρο. Στη συνέχεια αναλύστε άρα τι πρέπει να πετυχαίνετε κάθε μήνα σ’ αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, όπως different versions & features, testing για το προϊόν, γραφεία, 20 άτομα ομάδα, partnerships ή campaigns, direct sales, trade shows και λοιπά.
  6. Ξεκινάμε με το πιο σημαντικό κομμάτι σ’ αυτό το στάδιο, την ομάδα. Ποιοι την απαρτίζουν, ποιους θα προσλάβετε και πότε. Σημαντική σημείωση εδώ είναι να λαμβάνετε πάντα υπόψιν το συνολικό κόστος στον εργοδότη. Συγκεκριμένα πάμε aftertax.gr, βάζουμε τα καθαρά που θέλουμε να δίνουμε, μας δίνει τα μικτά και αυτό το ποσόν το πολλαπλασιάζουμε πάντα με 1.2506 για να πάρουμε υπόψιν το συνολικό κόστος στην εταιρεία. (Το μαξιλάρι εδώ είναι πχ. 50 ευρώ για υφιστάμενους και 100 ευρώ για κάθε νέο υπάλληλο και αναφέρεται σε benefits, onboarding new hires, etc.)
  7. Προσπαθήστε να χωρίσετε εδώ τα κόστη που σχετίζονται άμεσα με το προϊόν σε costs of goods sold και opex για τα admim. To Costs of Goods Sold, στην περίπτωση του SaaS, περιλαμβάνει κόστη για hosting and monitoring, 3rd party software or data που παραδίδονται σα κομμάτι του προϊόντος, implementation costs, customer support. Στο opex, σχετικά με το νοίκι βλέπουμε αυξανόμενα την τάση για remote work με εταιρείες έως και 20 ή παραπάνω υπαλλήλων να δουλεύουν fully decentralized. Tο σύνηθες κόστος για να κλείσει ένας seed stage γύρος χρηματοδότησης είναι 10 χιλιάδες ευρώ το οποίο πρέπει να το συνυπολογίσετε στα legal. 1. Hosting Costs 2. Employee costs related to keeping the production environment running 3. Employee costs for customer support/success of the application, but excluding any sales costs for up-sells, or cross-sells 4. Cost of any third-party software or data that is included in your delivered product 5. Any other direct employee costs required to deliver the ongoing service Things we advise against including: 1. Sales commissions 2. Allocated overhead charges 3. Customer success costs associated with cross-selling/up-selling 4. Product development costs 5. Third-party software use in-house for operations, but not packaged in your product
  8. Στα business development costs ανάλογα με τη φύση του αντικειμένου της εταιρείας, περιλαμβάνονται από adwords και facebook campaigns μέχρι συμμετοχές σε εκθέσεις. Καλό είναι να στηρίζονται κάπου τα νούμερα αυτά ή σε δοκιμαστικές καμπάνιες ή μπορείτε και να δείτε εκ των προτέρων πότε έχει σχετικές εκθέσεις και ποιο είναι το κόστος. Τέλος, κάνουμε μία πρόβλεψη ακόμα και για τα απρόβλεπτα έξοδα, της τάξης του 5%. (Sales, people cold calls or emails)
  9. Πριν φτάσουμε στο ask, υπολογίζουμε έσοδα συμβατά με τα resources και τους στόχους που έχουμε θέσει στα προηγούμενα βήματα βασισμένα σε metrics ανάλογα με τη φύση της δουλειάς. Για το κομμάτι αυτό θα σας μιλήσουν και πιο αναλυτικά η Αλεξία και η Έλσα στη συνέχεια. Αυτό που θέλω να πω εγώ εδώ, είναι πως στο seed stage το ask, τα χρήματα δηλαδή που θα σηκώσετε από επενδυτές, υπολογίζονται στη βάση μηδενικής ανάπτυξης των εσόδων. Κι αυτό όχι επειδή δεν αναμένεται αύξηση στα έσοδα από τη στιγμή της επένδυσης, απλά εμείς συνήθως όταν εξετάζουμε επενδύσεις τα θεωρούμε σταθερά ώστε οποιαδήποτε πιθανή αύξηση να μεγαλώνει το runway της εταιρείας. Επειδή στο στάδιο αυτό οι προβλέψεις για αύξηση εσόδων δύσκολα επαληθεύονται. (Revenue: professional services Β2Β, SaaS licences)
  10. Τι πρέπει να θυμάται κανείς απ’ αυτήν την παρουσίαση. Ελπίζω να δείξαμε ότι το spreadsheet πραγματικά δεν είναι κάτι δύσκολο ούτε πρέπει να είναι εργασιοθεραπεία. Αντίθετα, είναι απλό και πρέπει να εκφράζει τις ανάγκες της εταιρείας και όπως ξαναείπαμε να βολεύει κυρίως εσάς τους ίδιους. Και θέλω να σας αφήσω με την ίδια σκέψη που ξεκινήσαμε. Η επιτυχία μπορεί να έρθει με πολλούς τρόπους. Βλέπουμε εταιρείες με εκατοντάδες χιλιάδες έσοδα να συνεχίζουν να μεγαλώνουν χωρίς να σηκώσουν ποτέ κεφάλαιο. Πέρα από το πόσα χρήματα χρειάζεστε, σημασία έχει να έχετε καταλήξει και στο ποιος τύπος χρηματοδότησης σας ταιριάζει. Σα basic rule of thumb, το VC είναι ο καταλληλότερος δρόμος για σας αν τρέχετε μια εταιρεία τεχνολογίας που μπορεί να φτάσει έσοδα σε διψήφιο νούμερο μέσα στα πρώτα 5-7 χρόνια. Μπορεί να θέλετε να σηκώσετε τώρα ένα εκατομμύριο πχ αλλά θα πρέπει να σκεφτείτε και το που μπορεί να φτάσει η εταιρεία προκειμένου να επιλέξετε τον πιο κατάλληλο τρόπο χρηματοδότησης. Ένα VC περιμένει μια εταιρεία να μπορεί να φτάσει ετήσια έσοδα της τάξης των 10 εκατομμυρίων μέσα σε 5 με 7 χρόνια. Ακούγεται μεγάλο ίσως το νούμερο αλλά σκεφτείτε ότι ξεκινώντας πχ με 100 χιλιάρικα έσοδα τον πρώτο χρόνο φτάνει κανείς τα 10 εκατομμύρια τον έκτο κιόλας χρόνο άμα κάνει 3 times τα έσοδα τα τρία πρώτα χρόνια και 2 times τα επόμενα δύο. (10 million -> 5 - 70 million valuation for VC eligible)
  11. Στο Marathon έχουμε δημοσιοποιήσει ένα μεγάλο μέρος των νομικών εγγράφων που χρησιμοποιούνται συχνά από νέους founders. Συγκεκριμένα, στο σάιτ μας στα resources θα βρείτε και το παράδειγμα που είδαμε εδώ σήμερα αλλά και τα στάνταρ συμβόλαια μεταξύ εταιρείας και εργαζομένων ή contractors, καθώς και τα τυπικά έγγραφα για ένα seed γύρο. Ευχαριστώ για το χρόνο, δέχομαι ερωτήσεις.
  12. Καταρχήν Γιατι χρειάζομαι budget? Γιατί μια εταιρεια, είτε 3 ατόμων, είτε ένας οργανισμός με χιλίαδες εργαζόμενους, θα πρεπει να λειτουργεί βάσει πλάνου. Το budget με απλά λόγια είναι η αποτυπωση του business plan για τους επόμενους μήνες: τι έσοδα αναμένω & ποιοι είναι οι πόροι που θα χρειαστώ για να υλοποιηθεί το πλάνο αυτό. Συνεπώς Με βοηθάει να ΘΕΤΩ στόχους. επίσης άλλος σημαντικος παραγοντας είναι Δημιουργώ το budget για να το συγκρίνω με τα πραγματικά αποτελέσματα, δηλαδή για να παρακολουθώ την πραγματική εξέλιξη vs των στόχων.
  13. Γενικές αρχές το ετήσιο budget θα πρέπει να εχει ολοκληρωθει πριν την αρχη του επομενου ετους στο οποίο θα αναφερεται Θα πρεπει να περιλαμβανει μηνιαία απεικόνιση των εσοδων και εξοδων θα πρεπει να εχουν προγραμματιστει συγκεκριμενες χρονικες περιόδοι που θα γινεται η ανανέωση πχ κάθε τριμηνο η εξαμηνο για να προσαρμόζεται στην πραγματική πρόοδο και να εχω σχετικό πλάνο
  14. Ξεκινάμε με τη δημιουργία του revenue budget Θα δούμε, μέσω ενός παραδείγματος τον τρόπο υπολογισμού των εσόδων σε μια εταιρεια SaaS Εστω ότι η εταιρεία έχει καταλήξει ότι για το επομένο έτος θα έχει ένα προϊόν (product X) που θα το διαθέτει σε τρια versions σε αυτές τις τιμές. Επίσης στο δεύτερο πίνακα απεικονίζεται η εκτίμηση για τους πελάτες. Υφιστάμενοι, νέοι πελάτες και φυσικά θα πρέπει να κάνουμε εκτίμηση για churn, τους πελάτες που θα σταματήσουν την συνεργασία μας Πως όμως θα καταλήξω σε αυτές τις παραδοχές? Για να καθορίσω με όσο πιο ακριβή τρόπο τα assumptions θα πρεπει να λαβω υπόψη: Εσωτερικά ιστορικά δεδομένα (προηγούμενες πωλήσεις, internal growth rate) Παράγοντες που μπορεί να επηρεάσουν τις πωλήσεις( νέα προϊόντα, νεες τιμές, τεχνολογικές αλλαγές οι βελτιώσεις στο προϊόν) Επίσης γενικότερη οικονομική κατάσταση, ρυθμό ανάπτυξης Και φυσικά να λάβουμε υπόψη το market rules of thumb (ειδικά σε περιπτώσεις που δεν έχω ιστορικά στοιχεία: τι αναμένει η αγορά σε αυτό τον κλάδο και φυσικά τον ανταγωνισμό)
  15. Στη συνέχεια βλέπουμε μια κλασσική απεικόνιση budget εσόδων. H εικόνα αυτή εχει προκύψει συνδυάζοντας πληροφόρηση από τους προηγούμενους πίνακες δηλαδή συνδυάζοντας πλήθος και τιμή. Έδω βλέπουμε δηλαδη έσοδα ανα ειδος πελάτη υφιστάμενοι και νέοι πελάτες και επίσης μια διαφορετική απεικόνιση είναι ο διαχωρισμός του εσόδου σε recurring η one time, δηλαδη εσοδα σε σταθερη βάση ή ανά περίπτωση.
  16. Επομενη κατηγορία είναι το Opex budget, η εκτίμηση για τα λειτουργικά έξοδα της εταιρείας Βλέπουμε διαφορά τυπικά παραδείγματα operating expenses. Αποτυπώνεται το συνολικό κόστος για την εταιρεία, μηνιαία. Να μην ξεχνάμε ότι δεν είναι όλα τα κόστη σταθερά. Ύπάρχουν και τα μεταβλητά κόστη, συνεπώς θα πρεπει να λαβουμε υπόψη πως το growth μπορει να οδηγήσει σε αύξηση εξόδων ή πως η μια γραμμή opex αλληλεπιδρα με τις υπόλοιπες. Πολύ σημαντικό να μην αγνοούμε τα μικρά κόστη, καθώς σωρευτικά και σε ετήσια βάση θα είναι σημαντικό ποσό Και τέλος να μην ξεχνάμε το απρόσδοκητο, μια λύση είναι να δημιουργούμε ένα περιθώριο στο budget για το αναπαντεχο.
  17. Στη συνέχεια θα μιλήσουμε για το cash budget. Είναι πολύ σημαντικό, καθώς θα μας δωσει ξεκάθαρη εικόνα η η εταιρεία εχει αρκετό cash να λειτουργεί και για πόσο καιρό. To οποίο προκύπτει κάνοντας adjustments στο revenue & opex budget που εχω ήδη δημιουργήσει. Τα adjustments έχουν σκοπό να μεταφράσουν τις πωλήσεις και τα έξοδα σε cash base, πότε δηλαδή θα γίνει η εισπραξη η πληρωμή από τον τραπεζικό λογαριασμό. Πχ.Τα revenues θα πρέπει να γίνουν inflows, δηλ θα πρέπει να αποτυπωθεί πότε θα γίνει η είσπραξη και όχι η πώληση. Στα outflows θα πρέπει ληφθούν υπόψη payment terms, άρα πότε θα πρέπει να γίνει η actual πληρωμή, μπορεί να υπάρχει προκαταβολή. Στο παραδειγμα, βελπουμε πως μια εταιρεια που ξεκινά με cash 200 χιλιαδες την 01/01, βάσει του πλάνου της το οποίο οδηγεί στο συγκεκριμένο cash movement το runway 11 μηνες, ολες αυτές οι σημαντικές πληροφορίες προκύπτουν από το cf budget
  18. Γιατί αποτυγχάνουν τα budget? Το budget αντιμετωπίζεται σαν μια τυπική ασκηση, που μπορει να ζητηθεί από εξωτερικούς παράγοντες. Συνεπώς υποτιμάται η σημασία του Δεν ανανεώνεται σε τακτα χρονικά διαστηματα Βασίζεται σε ανακριβεις υποθέσεις Δεν συγκρίνεται με τα actual results
  19. Τι πρεπει να κανω για να εχω ένα budget, που θα είναι χρησιμο εργαλειο στην καθημερινοτητά μου? Θα πρέπει να το πλανο μου να είναι φιλόδοξο όμως ρεαλιστικό. ΑΝ υποθετω ότι θα εχω 3.000 πελατες μεσα στο επομενο χρόνο, εχω τους πόρους για να το υλοποιήσω?? Θα πρέπει να συμμετέχουν στη διαδικασία όλοι οι key stakeholders. Ζήταω πληροφορίες εσωτερικά από όλα τα τηματα της εταιρειας αλλά και εξωτερικά, ίσως χρειαστεί να μιλήσω με εξωτερικούς συνεργάτες και να ζητήσω, εκτιμηση κόστους για μια επικείμενη μελλοντική συνεργασία Θα πρέπει να προγραμματιστούν review meetings , στα οποία θα παρακολουθούμε τις αποκλίσεις του budget vs actual results. Και το πιο σημαντικό αν υπαρχουν σημαντικές αποκλίσεις τοτε θα πρεπει να παρω αποφάσεις η αλλαγής του πλανου μου (το οποίο συνδυάζεται με το δευτερο σημείο για αναθεωρήσεις του budget ) ή του τρόπου υλοποιησής του. Αυτό που είναι σημαντικό να κρατήσουμε από την σημερινή παρουσίαση είναι ότι το budget είναι ένα χρήσιμο εργαλείο για όλες τις εταιρείες ανεξαρτήτου μεγέθους και θα πρέπει να είναι ένα από τα βασικά εργαλειο για να παιρνονται αποφάσεις και για να παρακολουθώ την πραγματική πρόοδο.
  20. Hi, I am Elsa from Workable. I came to Workable at its Series B round and have been there for 3.5 years. I am going to talk to you today Reporting and Metrics for start-ups and my goal is not only to provide you with information you can use NOW as well as providing you with an awareness of what you could expect as your company grows
  21. So let’s start off with answering the question Why do companies need to produce reports and metrics? The number one reason is to gain a sense of financial awareness. You need to know what your revenue is. You need to know what your operating expenses are. Some of you will be asked to produce a business plan or a financial plan with assumptions as to your costs over the next few years. By measuring your current costs now, you will have a more accurate basis for assumptions related to future costs. Most importantly your figures aren’t for others but for you to know, and to know where you stand so you can make the best business decisions possible. We spoke about the importance of budgeting earlier. Well you will not get the same value out of budgeting if you do not combine it with reporting so that you can see if you are following your budget. You want to ensure you are operating within the resources you have at hand. Reporting provides you with information that you can analyze, to help you make business decisions and to help you with identifying issues before they get too big so that you can take immediate corrective action.
  22. This presentation will cover four key areas. They are 1. Chart of Accounts 2. Financial Statements 3. Other types of management reports 4. Key metrics for your business
  23. The chart of accounts are the building blocks of your financial reports so it is important to set them up correctly. Chart of accounts is basically a list of accounts for which you will record your transactions in. They are categorized more or less as income and expense accounts, and asset/liability/equity accounts. To give you an example, when you receive a consulting invoice, you will record that expense in your Consulting Expense account. You will record other consulting expenses in that account and at the end of the period, your financial report will give you the sum of your consulting expenses in that period. How do you set up your chart of accounts? Standard accounts provided by your accounting system or accountant Flexibility now in Greece Accounts should accommodate your business needs. Think “what do I want to keep track of?”. I have advertising expenses but maybe I want to keep track of my Google advertising separately. So you can set up an account that is called “Google advertising” and have another general advertising account. Be aware, that When you set up your accounts and if you have multiple entities, make sure you use consistency in the accounts so that you are able to report on a consolidated basis, meaning you aren’t reporting just for one entity but for the entire Group.
  24. Our chart of accounts will help us build our reports. There are different kinds of reports. When someone asks you for your financial statements, they are usually referring to Basic financial statements that are normally used for external purposes (investors, banks) include PL, Balance Sheet, Cash Flow Statement, and Statement of Changes in Equity. Today we will only look at the PL. The PL has a revenue section, Cost of Goods sold section, and Operating expenses section which bring you to your pre-tax income and then subsequently to your net income. This is useful because this report, even if modified, is something that you should create on a monthly basis.
  25. When we produce a PL and if we have already create a budget, it would be useful to compare our Actual PL to our Budget PL. In this example, it is a monthly PL compared against the monthly Budgeted PL. How frequently you do this exercise depends entirely on your resources. If you have the resources in tools and personnel do create a monthly budget, then it would be useful to compare it monthly or even quarterly. At the very least you should compare your PL to your Budgeted PL on an annual basis.
  26. Consider information your business needs in order to make decisions It is important to know that besides your basic PL there are other types of management reports that are useful for your business. This example that I have is a Monthly Sales report for a SAAS company. You will see the revenue broken down by type of revenue as well as the growth in revenue month over month. It also shows us the total number of active accounts we have, including new accounts added during the month and accounts that churned during the month, as well as the churn rate.
  27. Consider the stage of your business Other types of management reports may be useful depending on the size of your company and the stage at it is at. This example that I am showing you on this slide shows expenses per Department for the month of November. In this case, the company has created cost centers, or departments, which are responsible for their own costs. As you grow, you will want to create cost centers because you will need department heads making decisions for how money is spent for their group. And these types of reports will help department heads be accountable for the financial decisions they are making on behalf of the company.
  28. Metrics are another important way to capture information on how your business is doing. For start-ups, cash is the most important metric that you should be following. Cash allows you to do what you want to do. So you need to keep a close eye on it. Cash burn is how much cash you have spent in a period. Usually we look at this on a monthly basis. The cash burn rate is the rate at which a company uses up its cash. Cash runway is how long your cash will last at your current burn rate. So let’s say you have $100,000 in cash and you have a burn rate of $20,000/month, your runway is 5 months. Gross Margin is important because it tells us whether our sales are enough to cover our direct costs. It is a metric that you can easily use to benchmark your company against the industry your company is in so that you can see how well you are doing. How often you look at these metrics depends on the situation of your company. Remember that it is possible too look at a metric too often. Sometimes it isn’t useful to be looking at your burn on a weekly basis because it is not indicative of how you are actually spending your cash, especially if most of your expenses are paid on a monthly basis (such as rent, payroll). However, if you are low on cash, then cash is something that you will want to be looking at on a weekly basis, if not daily basis.
  29. Now I want to get into SAAS specific metrics because I am assuming that some of you out there are involved in a SAAS business. I have used simplified metrics for the sake of understanding. Mostly I want to bring to your attention these metrics so that when you go home, you can Look them up and see how you can start using them in your business. For a subscription based business that has a monthly pricing model, Monthly Recurring Revenue, referred as MRR, is probably the most important metric at all of any subscription business. MRR is a measure of the predicable and recurring revenue components of your subscription business. ARR is the value of the contracted recurring revenue components of your term subscriptions normalized to a one-year period. Churn is an important concept to understand. It is the loss of customers or people who stop using your service. It can be expressed as a total amount of customers lost during a period or as a percentage of recurring revenue. Here I have provided you with a formula for the % customer churn. Lifetime value of customer is how much money you expect to make from your average customer. Even if you don’t have a SAAS business, it is important to understand this concept because by knowing how much you can make from a customer, you know how much you should invest to gain a customer. Which brings me to CAC or Customer acquisition cost. This is how much money it takes on average to acquire a customer. How you calculate CAC can be challenging because sometimes or oftentimes, you incur marketing expenses for which you do not know how many customers it brought in. So let’s say you spend $10,000 in a period and you gained 100 customers in that period. You do not know whether future customers are the result of that event. So when calculating CAC you may never be entirely accurate. Nonetheless, as a concept it is extremely important and it is extremely important to try to measure this. LTV/CAC ratio = SAAS companies use this metric to see if the value of their customer is worth more than the cost it took to acquire them How often should they be looking at these metrics?
  30. So I hope this presentation was informative. Keep in mind that you aren’t reporting for reporting sake but to produce information that will help you make business decisions. Also, of utmost importance is to keep an eye on your cash and your related cash metrics. If you have any questions, don’t hesitate to ask now or later. My email is also on the slide so feel free to reach out to me as well. Thank you.
  31. Γεια σας, είμαι ο Γιάννης από τη Workable. Ασχολούμαι κυρίως με τα οικονομικά συστήματα και τη βελτίωση των διαδικασιών. Στη σημερινή παρουσίαση θα δούμε πώς στήνεται ένα Finance Department σε μια εταιρία που, αρχικά, αποτελείται από μια ομάδα 5-10 ατόμων και ανάμεσα τους ΚΑΝΕΝΑ οικονομικό στέλεχος!
  32. Είναι σύνηθες, θεμιτό, και σίγουρα αναγκαίο, όλες οι λογιστικές και φορολογικές υποχρεώσεις των νέων, μικρών επιχειρήσεων, να ανατίθενται σε εξωτερικούς συμβούλους και λογιστές. Συμφωνώ απόλυτα με αυτή την πρακτική καθώς ο εξωτερικός λογιστής αποτελεί σημαντικό στέλεχος της εταιρίας σου, στην παρούσα φάση. Όμως μην περιμένεις σε καμία περίπτωση, ο εξωτερικός λογιστής σου να σου παρέχει management reporting. Αυτό πολύ απλά, δε γίνεται! Κι επειδή εσύ, που βλέπεις την εταιρία σου να μεγαλώνει, να παίρνει σημαντικές αποφάσεις και να εξελίσεται, θα θέλεις απαντήσεις αμέσως, πρέπει να καταλάβεις ότι αυτό θα γίνει αν παρακολουθείς τα οικονομικά σου στοιχεία εσωτερικά.
  33. Το πιο απλό εργαλείο για να γίνει αυτό, είναι να στήσεις ένα dataset στο excel. Πριν λοιπόν φύγει κάποιο τιμολόγιο για το λογιστή, φρόντισε να το «καταχωρίσεις» στο συγκεκριμένο dataset ώστε να μπορέσεις να εκμεταλευτείς αυτή την πληροφορία στα reporting σου. Συμβουλή 1: Χρησιμοποίησε ένα email αποκλειστικά για τα τιμολόγια που λαμβάνεις ηλεκτρονικά Συμβουλή 2: Κάνε data validation όπου μπορείς
  34. Η πρώτη αποτύπωση των αποτελεσμάτων του dataset σου έρχονται με τη μορφή του reporting μέσω pivot tables. Μπορείς να την ίδια πληροφορία να την παρούσιάσεις με διαφορετικά views.
  35. Μπορείς ακόμα να εισχωρήσεις πιο βαθιά στην πληροφορία, προσθέτοντας διαστάσεις στο dataset σου.
  36. Η προσθήκη των διαστάσεων είναι πολύ σημαντική, κυρίως στα πρώτα χρόνια της επιχείρησής σου, που «τρέχεις» και «δοκιμάζεις» διάφορα είδη reporting, ανάλογα με τις ανάγκεσ σου που συνεχώς μεταβάλονται στο στάδιο που είσαι. Για παράδειγμα, αν γυρίσουμε πίσω στο dataset, πολύ σύντομα θα χρειαστεί να προσθέσεις μια έξτρα πληροφορία στα έξοδα λογισμικού: Τον χρήστη, τον υπάλληλο, το μέλος της ομάδας σου. Φρόντισε λοιπον να το κάνεις από νωρίς για να εκμεταλλευτείς καλύτερα αυτή την πληροφορία για τη διαχείριση και τον αποτελεμσατικότερο έλεγχος των δαπανών σου.
  37. Αφού συμπληρώσαμε την έξτρα διάσταση, πλέον βλέπουμε μια άλλη μορφή του software expense και για πρώτη φορά παρατηρούμε ότι η Θάλεια, ξοδεύει σχεδόν 70% παραπάνω, από τον αμέσως επόμενο υπάλληλο. Η Θάλεια αποφασίζει πως θα διαχιριστεί το budget της.
  38. Την ίδια φιλοσοφία έχουν και τα accounting software που κυκλοφορύν εκέι έξω. Με τον ίδιο τρόπο μπορείς να τα προσαρμόσεις για να εξυπηρετήσουν τα reporting needs σου.
  39. Όσο πιο ακριβό το software, τόσα περισσότερα fields έχει (!)
  40. 2 παραδείγματα, μείνε εδώ κι εξήγησε τη σημασία του να πάρεις τη σω΄στη απόφαση όσο πιο έγκαιρα γίνεται
  41. Δώσε βάση στον όρο ERP ready. Σίγουρα θα φτάσει εκεί η εταιρία, προετοιμαζόμαστε να φτάσει στο ERP σωστά, όποτε κι ΄γίνει αυτό.
  42. xxxx