http://fad.cat/congres/en/ http://fad.cat/congres/en/?p=1167 After more than 10 years of development, Open Design is no longer an underground hypothesis, but a real strategy that designers, companies and design institutions are increasingly embracing. Even so, many aspects of Open Design still need to be developed, tested and defined, making the future of Open Design still open. This openness is what is making Open Design very promising, a global concept with local and distributed adaptations: not only Open Design projects can be modified and customized, but the same processes and systems behind such projects can be designed and modified in order to fit the specific needs of each locality. There is no single format, business model, system or organization model for Open Design at the moment, and this fact lets Open Design to be adopted and used in a different way in each locality. Designers are increasingly focusing on the systems that enable Open Design projects, which can be designed and developed with design tools and processes and tools and processes from other fields by working on the metadesign level. How can we organize Open Design initiatives? What are the processes behind Open Design? How can we understand the participation of a community in an Open Design project? What about the business models of Open Design?

1. Process, Community,
Business:
the systems behind Open Design
Massimo Menichinelli
openp2pdesign.org
Design for Open Systems, Processes, Projects, Places.

2. The current discussion
about Open Design

3. Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/aaltomediafactory/6880196942/in/set-72157629328921858
Co-designing the European Design policies

4. Open Design: an official recommendation
Source: http://europeandesigninnovation.eu/design-as-a-driver-of-european-growth-the-design-leadership-boards-21-recommendations-to-the-european-commission/

5. Source: http://www.opendesign.org/odd.html
Open Design Definition, from 2000

6. Source: http://opensource.org/osd-annotated
… from the Open Source Definition

7. Source: http://okfestival.org/
Open Knowledge: a community for discussion

8. Source: http://design.okfn.org/
Open Design: a community for discussion

9. Source: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition
Open Design: a community for a definition

10. From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md

11. From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md

12. From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md

13. Open Design:
process

14. Source: http://sourceforge.net/
The user experience of an Open project

15. Source: https://github.com/
A personal and networked user experience

16. Source:: http://www.michaelogawa.com/research/storylines/
Open: a social process

17. What about the process?
Design of the Design
process = Metadesign

18. What about the design process?
Service Design of the
Design process =
Metadesign

19. What about the open process?
Open Service Design of
the Design process =
Open Metadesign

20. What about the open process?
Open Service Design of
the open and p2p
Design process =
Open P2P Design

21. Open P2P Design: first source
Source: http://issuu.com/openp2pdesign/docs/reti-collaborative

22. Open P2P Design: sources...
Source: http://issuu.com/openp2pdesign/docs/openp2pdesign.org_1.1_castellano

23. Metadesign: a storyboard
Source: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition

24. Metadesign: a process / participation design
Source: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition

25. Metadesign: a system map (rev. 1)
Source: http://workshop.openp2pdesign.org/02singapore09/

26. Metadesign: a system map (rev.2)
Source: http://workshop.openp2pdesign.org/02singapore09/

27. Metadesign: a toolkit and an app
Source: http://openmetadesign.org/

28. Metadesign: a service design toolkit
Source: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignToolkit

29. Metadesign: open source toolkit
Source: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignToolkit

30. Metadesign: a Desktop app for non designers
Source: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignApp

31. <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<project>
<title>...</title>
<version>...</version>
<founders>
<founder>...</founder>
</founders>
<license>...</license>
<licenseurl>...</licenseurl>
<repo>...</repo>
<community>
<locality>...</locality>
<activity>...</activity>
<subject>...</subject>
<object>...</object>
<outcome>...</outcome>
<needs>...</needs>
<communitytools>...</communitytools>
<communityrules>...</communityrules>
<communityroles>...</communityroles>
<context>...</context>
</community>
<businessmodel>
<valueproposition>...</valueproposition>
An XML standard for Metadesign
Basic information
Community analysis

32. <businessmodel>
<valueproposition>...</valueproposition>
<customerrelationships>...</customerrelationships>
<channels>...</channels>
<customersegments>...</customersegments>
<revenuestreams>...</revenuestreams>
<coststructure>...</coststructure>
<keyactivities>...</keyactivities>
<keyresources>...</keyresources>
<keypartners>...</keypartners>
</businessmodel>
<step>
<stepnumber>...</stepnumber>
<steptitle>...</steptitle>
<participation>...</participation>
<tools>...</tools>
<rules>...</rules>
<actors>
<actor>...</actor>
<actor>...</actor>
</actors>
<flows>
<flow> An XML standard for Metadesign
Business model
(from Business Model
Canvas)
Step in the design process

33. <flows>
<flow>
<number>...</number>
<type>...</type>
<what>...</what>
<direction>...</direction>
<firstactor>...</firstactor>
<secondactor>...</secondactor>
</flow>
</flows>
</step>
</project>
An XML standard for Metadesign
Flows in the process

34. Metadesign: open source app
Source: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignApp

35. Open Design:
community

36. A community, like a city
Source: https://maps.google.com/

37. The complexity of the territory
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Barcelona_ISS009-E-9987.jpg

38. A map, for the city (community)
Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PlaCerda1859b.jpg

39. The map of the Italian makers
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/

40. The map of the Italian makers
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/

41. The map of the interactions of Italian makers
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/

42. Open Design Definition: friendships on GitHub
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mining-the-social-interactions-on-github/

43. Open Design Definition: interactions on GitHub
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mining-the-social-interactions-on-github/

44. Open Source software for network analysis
Source: https://github.com/openp2pdesign/githubsocialnetworkanalyis

45. Open Design:
business models

46. “We fnd this previously unmeasured type of household sector
innovation to be quite large: 6.2% of UK consumers - 2.9
million individuals - have engaged in consumer product
innovation during the prior 3 years. In aggregate, consumers’
annual product development expenditures are 2.3 times larger
than the annual consumer product R&D expenditures of all
frms in the UK combined. “
Eric A. Von Hippel, Jeroen De Jong, Steven Flowers
Comparing Business and Household Sector Innovation in Consumer
Products: Findings from a Representative Study in the UK
Source: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1683503
How many Open Designers and innovations?

47. Non-monetary incentives:
* problem solving
* ethical questions
* education + learning
* reputation --> social interactions + jobs
Business models of Open Source (software)

48. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gift_economy
A gift economy: focus on networks

49. Monetary incentives:
* selling software (as open or even with dual licensing)
* offering services (customisation, support, ...)
* paid developer work
* donation
* software as service (freemium, ...)
* embedding software into hardware
Business models of Open Source (software)

50. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_economy
A market economy: focus on flows

51. * Services and expertise (customization, consulting)
* Manufacturing of owned or third party Open Hardware
* Manufacturing of proprietary hardware based on Open
Hardware
* Dual-licensing
* Proprietary hardware designs based on Open Hardware
* Proprietary software tools for developing Open Hardware
Business models of Open Source (hardware)
Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2011/open-design/business-models-for-open-hardware/

52. Source: http://investor.3dsystems.com/
Learning from Digital Fabrication
28%
31%
41% 3D Printers
Materials
Services

53. Source: http://shop.goophone.hk/product-16.html
Shanzai: piracy as learning, Open practice

54. Source: http://developers.shapeways.com/
API for the Industrial Internet

55. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows
A closed innovation process

56. Source: http://futurist.se/gldt/
The ecosystem of an open project

57. Fonte: http://www.flickr.com/photos/massimo_menichinelli/8019726607/in/set-72157631612238923
FabMoney: a digital currency for collaboration

58. Open Hardware, Software, Design, Data
Source: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/FABMoney

59. Source: Alessandro Gadotti
MuSe FabLab, Trento (Italy)

60. Thank you!
Muchas gracias!
Moltes gràcies!
Massimo Menichinelli
info@openp2pdesign.org
openp2pdesign.org
@openp2pdesign