2. Hydrosphere
What is the Hydrosphere?
The sum of all the water on the
planet
Life cannot exist on any other planet but can
on earth because of what?
Water
3. Water
Water is only liquid in what range?
Above 32 degrees Fahrenheit and below 212
Fahrenheit
What two factors control the temperature of
our planet?
The sun and the atmosphere
4. Facts to Memorize
The vast majority of the earth’s water supply
is contained in the oceans as saltwater
The vast majority of earth’s freshwater supply
is stored in icebergs and glaciers
The largest source of liquid freshwater is
groundwater
5. The Hydrologic Cycle
What is the Hydrologic Cycle?
The process by which water is continuously
exchanged between earth’s various water
sources
6.
7. Hydrologic Cycle
Water gets into the atmosphere
predominately by Evaporation and
Transpiration
Transpiration = Evaporation of water from
plants – water evaporating off its leaves
Evaporation takes water out of the oceans,
lakes, rivers, and streams, while transpiration
takes water from the soil
8. Evaporation
Evaporation: the
change of state in a
substance from a liquid
to a gas.
For evaporation to take
place, energy is
required.
The energy can come
from any source: the
sun, the atmosphere,
the earth, or objects on
the earth such as
humans.
9. Transpiration
Transpiration is the evaporation of water from
plants through stomata.
Stomata are small openings found on the
underside of leaves that are connected to
vascular plant tissues.
In most plants, transpiration is a passive
process largely controlled by the humidity of
the atmosphere and the moisture content of
the soil.
Transpiration depletes soil moisture
11. Soil Moisture
Soil moisture can also be depleted when it
soaks down into the groundwater sources
and feeds into lakes, rivers, and streams by
the process known as what?
Groundwater Flow
12. Clouds form by what process?
Condensation
The process by which a gas turns into a liquid
15. Precipitation
What is precipitation?
Water falling from the atmosphere as rain,
snow, sleet, or hail
What is surface runoff?
When precipitation falls on land and
replenishes soil moisture OR it can run along
the surface of the land into an ocean, lake,
river, or stream
16.
17. Let’s Review
Precipitation can happen in what ways?
What are the two ways water can return to
the sky?
How are clouds formed?
What is soil moisture?
What is surface runoff?