This document analyzes catchment areas and gateway ports for trade between regions in Germany, Austria, and Northern Italy. It identifies key gateway ports including Hamburg, Rotterdam, and Ravenna and examines 2010 trade data on freight volumes and key commodities moving between the catchment areas and gateway ports. The analysis shows that while Ravenna captures a relatively small share of total freight movements, it has larger market shares for trade with countries like Greece and Israel.

1. Catchment Area Identification
Ravenna, April 29, 2015

2. Catchment areas & gateway ports
Page  2
Catchment Areas & Gateway Ports
 Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, Western,
Central and Eastern Austria
 Gateways selected using industry knowledge
and published statistics:
 Hamburg, Rotterdam, Bremen, Bremerhaven
and Antwerp in the Atlantic range
 Genoa, Koper, Rijeka, Trieste, Venice and
Ravenna in the Northern Adriatic

3. Foreign trade partner countries
Page  3
“Eastern Mediterranean” (LIBYA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, LEBANON, SYRIA,
TURKEY, GREECE)
“East of Suez” (JAPAN, KOREA, HONG KONG, CHINA, INDIA, IRAN, IRAQ
and SAUDI ARABIA)

4. Summary of Trade analysis (COMEXT, GENESIS)
Page  4
Exports: machinery (9) and chemicals(8) to destinations in Turkey, India and
Saudi Arabia. Agricultural products (0) , food and animal fodder (1) to Japan,
Australia and Greece.
Imports: oil products from North Africa and the Near East; minerals, building
materials (6) from China and Turkey; agricultural products (0) from Turkey
Exports: machinery (9), chemicals (8) : Turkey and East of Suez; Baden-
Württemberg exports of agricultural products (0) mainly to China and Greece
Imports: oil products sourced in North Africa and the Near East. Agricultural
products(0) (Turkey, China); machinery (9) from Turkey.
Exports: Machinery (9), Chemicals (8) (East of Suez & Turkey); Agricultural
products (0), China, Greece, Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia; minerals, building
materials (6). (China)
Imports: oil products from North Africa and the Near East . Machinery (9),
minerals, building materials (6) (China); imports from Turkey and China in
agricultural products; machinery (9) from Turkey.

5. Freight volumes from Bavaria to gateway regions
Page  5

6. Hinterland Transports to gateway regions (2010)
Port NUTS3 AT1 AT2 AT3 DE1 DE2 Total
ANTWERP 49.916 187.856 119.421 440.201 385.834 1.183.227
BREMEN 55.846 105.874 301.316 298.976 472.659 1.234.671
BREMERHAVEN 74.399 98.388 356.283 771.979 563.178 1.864.227
HAMBURG 530.218 134.770 763.677 766.469 1.892.510 4.087.644
RIJEKA 16.390 35.637 66.070 6.769 6.138 131.004
GENOA 42.421 3.780 11.823 6.172 5.394 69.590
VENICE 71.977 62.962 179.868 67.781 266.425 649.013
TRIESTE 77.726 116.642 396.318 15.116 46.787 652.588
RAVENNA 10.408 9.113 16.261 7.057 8.616 51.456
ROTTERDAM 59.547 11.996 288.528 735.694 370.839 1.466.604
KOPER 478.007 777.667 528.175 13.134 88.079 1.885.060
Share of port
regions
1,10% 1,78% 1,80% 0,90% 0,85% 1,09%

7. Freight volumes from gateways to catchment areas
Page  7

8. Hinterland Transports from gateway regions (2010)
Port NUTS3 AT1 AT2 AT3 DE1 DE2
Total to
catchment
areas
Total
outbound
freight
Share of
Total
ANTWERP 108.740 30.348 129.434 648.712 601.107 1.518.342 55.290.408 2,75%
BREMEN 73.295 22.031 97.890 269.140 366.983 829.340 26.375.040 3,14%
BREMERHAVEN 56.280 15.981 80.821 295.127 222.462 670.671 9.657.052 6,94%
HAMBURG 510.288 112.942 826.852 894.014 1.859.162 4.203.258 92.049.734 4,57%
RIJEKA 14.807 9.345 22.104 4.019 4.232 54.508 7.342.046 0,74%
GENOA 10.612 7.228 21.507 24.110 14.425 77.882 19.333.089 0,40%
VENICE 41.141 53.962 80.013 31.451 168.924 375.492 32.837.921 1,14%
TRIESTE 45.771 138.135 454.336 45.570 48.329 732.141 6.766.450 10,82%
RAVENNA 17.948 14.774 31.626 47.156 24.979 136.484 27.353.386 0,50%
ROTTERDAM 141.319 47.617 349.486 1.647.260 1.374.742 3.560.424 83.811.970 4,25%
KOPER 318.813 2.078.451 2.623.859 38.527 61.679 5.121.329 16.625.228 30,80%
Total from port
regions to
catchment area
1.339.015 2.530.814 4.717.929 3.945.088 4.747.025 17.279.871

9. Page  9
Insight of Trade & Transport Analysis
 Import flows to Bavaria, Baden-Wuerttemberg and Austria from Ravenna
represented only 0.5% of the total transport generated in the region
 Almost 31% of freight movements from the Port of Koper had their destination in
the catchment areas.
 Trieste moves almost 11% of freight destined for the catchment areas.
Import relations
Export relations
 Export volumes from the catchment areas represent between 40% and 66% of
total transport volumes to gateway ports (2010)
 Koper captures over 50% of freight from Southern Austria (AT2)
 Hamburg (DE600) attracts between 25% and 47% of the freight volumes from the
other parts of Austria, Baden-Württemberg (DE1) and Bavaria (DE2).

10. Maritime outward shipments (2010)
Eastern Mediterranean East of Suez
Turkey Egypt Israel China Saudi Arabia Hong Kong
% of total
outward
Antwerp 7.917.259 9.524.064 1.117.930 1.673.869 2.487.783 296.970 31%
Bremen 188.989 51.000 3.000 - 31.000 8%
Bremerhaven 224.978 479.953 244.976 1.908.908 343.971 509.955 15%
Genoa 156.985 322.974 48.995 937.907 178.987 190.981 16%
Hamburg 1.011.926 393.962 385.961 5.149.495 1.365.925 1.124.888 22%
Koper 330.996 800.932 312.976 67.993 94.998 14.999 38%
Ravenna 107.992 58.994 189.981 - - - 13%
Rijeka 414.999 223.994 9.000 30.997 32.997 5.000 60%
Rotterdam 1.183.044 939.961 165.987 6.777.346 499.971 1.446.856 10%
Trieste 4.257.363 392.961 133.990 2.000 - - 66%
Venice 272.991 83.992 114.989 66.995 98.995 7.999 14%
Total 16.067.523 13.272.788 2.727.785 16.615.510 5.134.627 3.597.647

11. Ravenna shares of outward volume 2010
0
500.000
1.000.000
1.500.000
2.000.000
2.500.000
3.000.000
0,00%
2,00%
4,00%
6,00%
8,00%
10,00%
12,00%
14,00%
16,00%
18,00%
Israel Greece Libya Syria Lebanon
Outward Volume 2010
Ravenna Market Share

12. Eastern Med: maritime inward shipments (2010)
China Egypt Turkey Saudi
Arabia
Hong
Kong
Greece Isreal Total
Antwerp
1.397.305 5.412.279 4.241.653 1.108.506 134.987 283.203 530.438 13.108.370
Bremen 22.000 22.998 17.000 7.000 68.998
Bremerhaven 2.589.743 203.980 209.982 12.999 337.966 8.999 115.988 3.479.657
Genoa 1.214.879 1.613.817 2.480.788 104.990 558.944 80.855 85.100 6.139.372
Hamburg 9.630.038 220.409 335.967 61.994 1.203.880 8.823 183.375 11.644.487
Koper 220.979 456.127 191.818 16.392 12.999 441.055 296.991 1.636.360
Ravenna 691.922 915.952 1.620.069 115.605 345.432 213.301 3.902.282
Rijeka 113.989 86.991 18.000 13.999 24.998 257.977
Rotterdam 10.343.471 6.589.849 476.201 3.807.097 1.478.852 452.872 228.408 23.376.750
Trieste 5.999 685.016 6.518.936 91.008 182.749 7.483.708
Venice 90.992 1.740.451 605.518 58.165 3.000 727.464 126.035 3.351.624
Total 26.321.317 17.947.868 16.715.932 5.285.748 3.744.625 2.471.708 1.962.386 74.449.584
Without petroleum products (NSTR 3)

13. Commodities discharged in Ravenna in 2010
Page  13
Without petroleum products (NSTR 3)

14. Ravenna shares of inward volume 2010
Without petroleum products (NSTR 3)
0
200.000
400.000
600.000
800.000
1.000.000
1.200.000
1.400.000
1.600.000
1.800.000
0,00%
2,00%
4,00%
6,00%
8,00%
10,00%
12,00%
14,00%
16,00%
China Egypt Turkey Libya Saudi Arabia Greece Israel
Inward Volume 2010
Ravenna Market Share

15. Page  15
Insights gained from maritime movements
 Investigated partner countries business represents between 38% and 66% of all
outward movements of Koper, Trieste and Rijeka
 Trieste relations to Turkey - strong in RoRo traffic
 Atlantic and Northern Range ports dominate outward volumes to East of Suez
(China, Hong Kong)
 Antwerp shows significant volumes to Turkey and Egypt
 Ravenna has larger shares in stagnating markets: Greece, Syria, Lebanon
Outward movements
Inward movements
 Rotterdam and Hamburg dominate flows from East of Suez
 Also visible is the importance of Trieste for traffic from Turkey (RORO)
 Ravenna shows significant volumes of cargo from Turkey, Egypt, Greece, Israel
and China.
 Ravenna captures in excess of 10% of cargo from Greece and Israel.

16. Candidate import markets for Ravenna
Page  16
China Turkey India Greece Egypt Total
Fresh or frozen fruit
(03)
AT 776 113.980 133 11.458 1.066 127.413
Textiles and fibers
(04)
DE2 89.597 32.253 17.085 3.670 1.131 143.736
DE1 57.807 27.723 12.189 4.324 1.316 103.360
Sand, Stone, Earth,
Ore and Minerals
(61-63)
DE2 33.237 14.208 11.764 4.488 3.311 67.008
DE1 49.304 8.679 427 1.219 - 59.629
AT 24.391 51.806 1.727 16.071 530 94.525
Cement, Plaster,
oth. Building
materials (64-69)
DE2 240.263 49.034 12.409 822 1.512 304.039
DE1 202.032 15.459 6.345 3.828 1.076 228.740
AT 120.367 16.730 15.701 1.188 1.115 155.101
IT, electrical &
optical equipment
(93)
DE2 366.100 74.720 40.316 26.677 20.305 528.117
DE1 374.258 61.991 44.439 18.540 11.234 510.463
AT 125.335 34.812 6.719 6.599 490 173.955
Manufactures of
material (rubber,
plastics) (94)
DE1 47.336 26.854 12.506 5.150 3.342 95.188
DE2 46.674 25.237 2.466 9.270 7.104 90.751
AT 57.756 13.074 2.991 200 86 74.107
Glass, Glassware (95)
DE2 80.088 16.345 4.136 274 504 101.346
DE1 67.344 5.153 2.115 1.276 359 76.247
AT 17.462 6.062 339 302 105 24.270
Misc. Manufactured
articles (99)
DE2 172.569 14.889 13.777 6.108 11.400 218.743
DE1 128.858 19.761 17.453 8.921 3.310 178.303
AT 138.904 30.368 4.812 1.475 55.187 230.746

17. Candidate exports markets for Ravenna
Page  17
China Turkey Japan Korea India
Saudi
Arabia
Greece Egypt
Wood & Forestry
(05)
DE1 96.357 1.581 21.555 4.575 7.290 170 1.359
DE2 91.953 5.084 47.465 4.826 15.001 28.961 698
AT 32.106 1.535 175.612 7.293 12.883 10.847
Food(09) DE1 23.535 4.836 3.372 1.558 354 5.517 24.074
DE2 18.079 9.943 15.380 5.516 2.128 17.812 74.766
Bars, Rails (53) AT 6.972 26.746 954 6.903 340 354 362
Steel Sheets and
Plates, (54)
AT 2.842 85.613 687 65.095 1.829 7.726 3.536
Tubes, Pipes, … (55) AT 3.026 7.734 90 2.418 52.705 290 2.408
Chemical Products
(8X)
DE1 75.388 104.505 14.425 14.543 37.830 17.315 31.775
DE2 81.710 103.613 96.332 29.564 36.546 9.060 23.334
AT 37.634 72.543 5.119 4.004 6.335 14.917 7.491
Transport Equipment
(91)
DE1 212.972 71.699 109.292 78.987 11.781 43.242 3.865
DE2 347.385 75.297 79.960 68.444 14.702 25.868 7.098
Appliances and
mechanical
equipment (93)
DE1 192.002 61.276 26.183 29.262 28.182 38.957 9.306
DE2 186.708 60.174 18.930 42.044 28.031 14.398 8.942
Misc. Manufactured
articles (97-99)
DE1 92.315 7.790 8.310 1.149 13.950 2.915 9.075
DE2 56.298 3.963 2.711 2.119 23.043 2.458 12.023
AT 116.964 172.447 243.626 39.410 35.734 96.787 61.730

18. Page  18
Port of Ravenna potential in a nutshell …
 Import of cement and textiles from China
 Ores, minerals and frozen food from Turkey
In competition with Hamburg, Rotterdam and Koper
Building on existing inwards volumes in the targeted commodities
 Cars and chemical products to Turkey, China, Japan and Korea
 Wood and forestry to China and Japan
In competition with Bremerhaven, Hamburg and Koper
Building on existing relations to import partner countries (China, Turkey)
Import relations
Export relations
Develop an appropriate value proposition for the Port of Ravenna to
induce shippers and logistics service providers to change existing relations