1. Teacher : Dr. Rafi Ahmad
Khan
WIRELESS MEDIUM
TECHNOLOGIES
microwaves
Bluetooth
PRESENTATION BY :
PEER
AAKIF
ROLL NO: 27
Vsat
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2. • WIRELESS MEDIA IS OFTEN REFERRED TO AS
UNBOUNDED MEDIA WHICH MEANS PATH FOR NETWORK
TRANSMISSIONS IS UNRESTRICTED. WHEN COPPER CORE
OR FIBER-OPTIC CABLE IS USED, THE TRANSMITTED
NETWORK SIGNALS ARE BOUND TO THE MEDIUM. WHEN
THE ATMOSPHERE IS USED, THE TRANSMISSION IS
SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE ATMOSPHERE AND IS NOT
LIMITED TO A SINGLE PATH.
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3. WHAT ARE MICROWAVES
• MICROWAVES ARE A FORM OF ELECTROMAGNETIC
RADIATION WITH WAVELENGTHS RANGING FROM A FEW
CENTIMETRES TO A FEW MILLIMETRES, OR
EQUIVALENTLY, WITH FREQUENCIES BETWEEN 300 MHZ
(0.3 GHZ) AND 300 GHZ. THEY ARE USED IN
COMMUNICATION COZ OF THEIR LONG WAVE LENGTH AND
LOW FREQUENCY SO THAT THEY TRAVEL LONGER
DISTANCES
5. MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION
• . HISTORY : THE TECHNOLOGY USED FOR MICROWAVE
COMMUNICATION WAS DEVELOPED IN THE EARLY 1940'S BY
WESTERN UNION. THE FIRST MICROWAVE MESSAGE WAS SENT IN
1945 FROM TOWERS LOCATED IN NEW YORK FOLLOWING THIS
SUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT, MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION BECAME
THE MOST COMMONLY USED DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD FOR
TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICE PROVIDERS.
• MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION IS THE TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS
USING A SERIES OF MICROWAVE TOWERS. MICROWAVE
COMMUNICATION IS KNOWN AS A FORM OF "LINE OF SIGHT"
COMMUNICATION, BECAUSE THERE MUST BE NOTHING
OBSTRUCTING THE TRANSMISSION OF DATA BETWEEN THESE
TOWERS FOR SIGNALS TO BE PROPERLY SENT AND RECEIVED
• MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION TAKES PLACE IN BOTH ANALOG
AND DIGITAL FORMATS. WHILE DIGITAL IS THE MOST ADVANCED
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FORM OF MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION
6. WORKING
• MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF
PRODUCING A CARRIER WAVE AS THE MEANS OF
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN TWO WIRELESS DEVICES
• CARRIER WAVE IS AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE OF A SET
FREQUENCY THAT IS USED TO CARRY
• THE CARRIER WAVE IS MIXED WITH THE DATA SIGNAL
(MODULATION), THE MIXED WAVE (CARRIER +SIGNAL) IS
TRANSMITTED USING A TRANSMITTER . A LARGE NUMBER OF
REPEATERS ARE ERECTED AT A NUMBER OF PLACES IN
BETWEEN TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER .
• FINALLY THE SIGNAL REACHES THE RECEIVING ANTENNA
• THE ANTENNA RECEIVES THE SIGNAL AND SEPARATES
CARRIER WAVE FROM DATA SIGNAL TO BE INTERPRETED
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7. ADVANTAGES
• MICROWAVE SYSTEMS HAVE THE ADVANTAGE OF
1. NO CABLES ARE NEEDED
2. LARGE BANDWIDTH AVAILABLE
3. MEDIUM COST
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8. DISADVANTAGES
ITS DISADVANTAGES ARE
1.RANGE IS LIMITED{ (UPTO 50 KM) DUE TO CURVATURE
OF EARTH}
2 .SIGNAL IS ABSORBED BY GROUND DUE TO HIGH
FREQUENCY
3. NOISE INTERFERENCE
4. LINE-OF-SIGHT WILL BE DISRUPTED IF ANY
OBSTACLE, SUCH AS NEW BUILDINGS, ARE IN THE WAY
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