Module 7

PRE-EMPLOYMENT ORIENTATION SEMINAR (PEOS ONLINE)
MODULE 7: STAYING HEALTHY & KEEPING
SAFE

Pre-Employment Orientation Seminar (PEOS) Online - powered by JobStreet.com
Module 7: Staying Healthy & Keeping Safe -- What are the health and safety risks when working overseas?
In today’s this almost borderless world, the
migration and mobility of human populations
exposes you to higher health risk such as HIV
and the emerging and re-emerging epidemic
diseases, like SARS, POLIO, EVD, and MERS.
OFWs vulnerable to these diseases in all the
stages of overseas employment.
Aside from preparing yourself psychologically and
emotionally when you work abroad, you also
need to be physically fit. Take care of yourself –
equip yourself with important information on these
potential health problems. Know their causes,
symptoms and prevention.
Vulnerability of OFWs to Health Problems

Vulnerability of OFWs
PRE-DEPARTURE STAGE ON-SITE
Low knowledge of migration
realities.
Knowledge is not being translated
to behavioral change.
Poor health seeking behaviors.
Attitude of invincibility.
Low knowledge on emerging
diseases.
High placement fees.
Loneliness, homesickness and
social isolation.
Lack of social shackles.
Economic pressure.
Hostile immigration & termination
policies.
Few or lack of support systems
Working conditions.

Acronyms
SARS POLIO MERS
Severe Acute
Respiratory Syndrome
Poliomyelitis Middle East
Respiratory Syndrome
HIV/AIDS EVD ZIKA
Human Immuno
Deficiency Virus
Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome
Ebola Virus Disease Zika Virus Disease

Definition
SARS POLIO MERS
A viral respiratory
disease of zoonotic origin
caused by the SARS
coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
Or poliomyelitis is a highly
infectious viral disease that
invades the nervous system
and cause total paralysis in a
matter of hours.
Although the virus mainly
affects young children, there
are recent reports and
increasing evidence on the
spread of wild poliovirus by
adult travelers.
A viral respiratory disease
caused by a novel
coronavirus (MERS‐CoV)
that was first identified in
Saudi Arabia in 2012.
HIV/AIDS EVD ZIKA
HIV is the virus that attacks the
body’s immune system and
weakens its ability to fight off
illnesses.
AIDS is the end stage of HIV
infection.
A sever, infectious, often-fatal
disease in humans and
primates (monkeys, gorillas,
and chimpanzees) caused by
infection from Ebola virus.
A disease caused by Zika
virus that is spread to
people primarily through
the bite of an infected
Aedes species mosquito.

Symptoms
SARS POLIO MERS
Cough, difficulty breathing,
fever greater than 100.40F
(38.00C), chills and shaking,
headache, muscle aches
Fever, fatigue, headache
Vomiting, stiffness in the
neck, pain in the limbs
Fever, cough, shortness of
breath, difficulty in breathing,
diarrhea
HIV/AIDS EVD ZIKA
FOR HIV:
Fever, swollen glands, sore
throat, fatigue, muscle and joint
aches, headache
FOR AIDS:
Rapid weight loss, fever or
profuse night sweats, swollen
lymph glands on armpits, groin,
or neck. Diarrhea, sores in the
mouth, anus, or genitals,
pneumonia
Fever, headache, intense
weakness, joint and muscle
pain.
Followed by vomiting, diarrhea,
stomach pain, rash, impaired
kidney and liver function, and
in some cases, both internal
and external bleeding.
Rash, red eyes, hiccups, and
bleeding from body openings
may be seen in some patients.
Fever, rash, joint pain, or
conjunctivitis (red eyes),
muscle pain and headache.
The illness is usually mild
with symptoms lasting for
several days to a week.

Transmission
SARS POLIO MERS
When someone with SARS
coughs or sneezes, you can
catch the SARS virus if you
breathe in or touch these
particles.
The virus is transmitted by
person-to-person spread mainly
through the faucal-oral route or,
less frequently, by a common
vehicle (e.g. contaminated
water or food).
The virus passes from an
infected person to another
person in close contact.
Health care providers are at most
risks.
HIV/AIDS EVD ZIKA
Unprotected or unsafe sexual
intercourse.
From infected fresh blood
through - blood transfusion,
sharing needs with an infected
person or accidental needle
prick injury, from an infected
mother to her baby.
Bodily fluids that transmit HIV:
Blood, Seminal fluid, Vaginal or
cervical fluids, Breast milk of an
infected mother
Close contact with -
- blood, secretions, organs or
other bodily fluids of infected
animals
- body fluids and stool of an
infected person
- objects such s contaminated
needles and soiled linen used
by a patient
- the body of the deceased
person.
Transmitted to people primarily
through the bite of an infected
Aedes species mosquito (A.
aegypti and A. albopictus). The
same mosquitoes that spreads
dengue and chikungunya
viruses.

Treatment and Prevention
SARS POLIO MERS
Avoid travel to places where
there is an uncontrolled
SARS outbreak.
Avoid direct contact with
persons who have SARS.
Hand hygiene
Do not share food, drink, or
utensils.
Clean commonly touched
surfaces with an EPA-
approved disinfectant.
There is no cure for polio,
only treatment to alleviate the
symptoms.
Polio can be prevented
through immunization.
No vaccine or specific
treatment is currently
available.
Build body resistance; have
plenty of sleep, drink plenty
of fluids, eat nutritious food
Observe proper hand
washing; avoid touching
eyes, nose and mouth with
unwashed hands

Treatment and Prevention
HIV/AIDS EVD ZIKA
ABC of HIV/AIDs Prevention
Abstinence
Be faithful to one uninfected
partner
Correct and
consistent use of condoms
Do not use prohibited drugs
and alcohol, specially the
injectable drugs
Education and early detection
of STIs.
There is no cure for HIV/AIDS,
but treatment is available.
Avoid close contact with
infected patients and possible
infected animal and
consumption of their raw meat.
Wear gloves and appropriate
personal protective equipment
when taking care of ill patients
at home.
Wash hands after visiting sick
relatives in hospital and after
taking care of ill patients at
home.
No vaccine or specific
treatment is currently available.
Get plenty of rest.
Drink fluids to prevent
dehydration.
If you are infected with Zika,
avoid being bitten by
mosquitos.

There is global restlessness - the revolutionary
wave of demonstrations and protests (both non-
violent and violent) in some Middle East countries
also known as the Arab Spring, annexation of
Crimea from Ukraine, constant political instability
in Thailand, surfacing of the militant ISIS group in
Syria and Iraq, China’s territorial disputes with its
neighboring countries, decades old Israel-
Palestinian conflict, ethnic and border wars
among countries in Africa, and the list goes on.
World at Risk
Whenever there is crisis or brewing in a certain
country, chances are there are OFWs caught in
the midst of it. No worries - the Philippines is
ready with its Emergency Contingency Plan
with a crisis alert system which serves as the
basis for emergency and repatriation and
deployment restrictions in affected countries.

During crisis or conflict situation, alert level is issued by the Department of Foreign
Affairs (DFA) corresponding to the gravity of the situation. In the event that a crisis
worsens and becomes life threatening, the Philippine government raises alert level to
either voluntary or mandatory repatriation phase of OFWs, requiring the return of
OFWs. This alert level system is also used as guide by the POEA Governing Board on
whether deployment will be allowed or temporarily banned in the country or countries
affected by the crisis.
Alert Warning Levels
ALERT LEVEL
1 Precautionary or Warning Phase
2 Restriction Phase
3 Voluntary Repatriation
4
Mandatory Repatriation for all of our citizens, and
total deployment ban of workers to that country.

ALERT LEVEL INDICATORS MEASURES UNDERTAKEN
1
Precautionary
or Warning
Phase
Issued when there are valid signs
of internal disturbance, instability,
and/or external threat to the host
country.
Filipinos are alerted to take
necessary precautions.
2 Restriction
Phase
Issued if there are threats to the
life, security and property of
Filipinos arising from internal
disturbance, instability, and
external threat.
Filipinos are instructed to restrict
non-essential movements; avoid
public places; and prepare for
evacuation.
DOLE only allows returning OFWs
with existing employment contracts
or a group of OFWs under special
circumstances to go back to their
host country.

ALERT LEVEL INDICATORS MEASURES UNDERTAKEN
3 Voluntary
Repatriation
Issued when violent
disturbances or external
aggression occur in a limited
area.
Overseas Filipinos are enjoined to
return to the Philippines upon
employers, or if not possible,
government’s expense.
DOLE shall impose absolute
deployment ban.
4
Mandatory
Repatriation for
all of our
citizens, and
total deployment
ban of workers
on that country.
Issued when there is a large
scale internal conflict or full
blown external attack.
The Philippine Government shall
undertake the mandatory
repatriation.

- END OF MODULE 7 -

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