4. 1. Placer Mining Oldest method of recovering goldfrom alluvial deposits(Material deposited by rivers).
5. Panning is a form of placer mining that extractsgold from a placer deposit using a pan.
6. Sluicing Sluicing is the use of a "sluice box" in a creek to separate gold from gravels.
7. Dredging process of excavating materials underwater. It is used to deepen waterways, harbors, and docks and for mining alluvial mineral deposits, including tin, gold, and diamonds.
8. Cradle An improvement over the pan was the rocker, or cradle, named for its resemblance to a child’s cradle.
9. 2. Open-pitMining Open-pit mining is only used if the rocks or minerals are close to the surface of the land or if a normal tunnel-type of mine isn't possible.
10. 3. Hard Rock Mining is done when the gold is encased in rock, rather than found as particles in loose sediment.
11. 4. ByproductMining Gold is also produced by mining in which it is not the principal product. Large copper mines, often recover considerable amounts of gold and other metals along with the copper.
12. 5. Gold Cyanidation a. Poisonous chemical cyanide is added to rocks.b. The gold bonds with the cyanide. This combination is called gold cyanide. c.Zincis added to the gold cyanide to remove the cyanided.andthen sulfuric acid is added to the zinc/cyanide mixture, which removes the zinc. What is left is a paste of pure gold ore..
