Pearson 6th Earth Science terms and defintions

2. 1. ________-the average, year-after-year conditionsof temperature, precipitation, winds, andclouds in an area climate

3. 2. _____________- a small area with climate conditions that differ from those around it microclimate

4. 3. Factors that affect temperature: ____________ latitude

5. 1) _________- 66.5° to 90° latitude Polar zone 2) ______________- between polar and tropical zones Temperate zone 3) ___________- between equator and 23.5° Tropical zone

6. 3. Factors that affect temperature: B. ____________ altitude

7. 3. Factors that affect temperature: C. _________________________ ________ Distance from large bodies of water

8. 1)______________-areas that have climates that are moderated by the body of water nearby Marine climates

9. 2) __________________- more extreme climates in inland areas continental climate

10. 3. Factors that affect temperature: D. ___________________ Ocean currents East coast- _______; west coast-______ warm cold

11. 4. Factors that affect precipitation: A. _____________________ Prevailing winds

12. B. Mountain ranges

13. 1) _________- side of mountain where rising air cools forming precipitation windward

14. leeward 2) _________- side of mountain where little precipitation falls

15. C. _________- sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasons monsoon

16. 5. The ________ are caused by the______ of Earth as it travels around the Sun. seasons tilt

17. 6. Climate regions

18. Tropical, rainy 1) _________- tropical wet climates rain forest

19. savanna 2) ________- tropical wet-and-dry climates

20. B. Dry 1) _______- arid regions that receive less than 25 centimeters of precipitation a year desert

21. 2) ________- a semiarid region with short grasses and low bushes steppe

22. C. Temperate Marine 1) _________________- west coasts of continents from 40° N. or S. latitude Marine west coast

23. 2) ______________- mild climate with cool rains in the winter and warm, dry summers Mediterranean

24. 3) _________________- wet and warm, but may have cooler winters Humid, subtropical

25. D. Temperate Continental 1) _________________- constantly changing weather patterns; Midwest and Northeast USA Humid continental

26. 2) _________- short summers; long bitter winters; Alaska, N. Canada subarctic

27. E. Polar Ice cap 1) _________- average temperature is always below freezing

28. 2) ______- northern Alaska, Canada, and Russia; ___________- permanently frozen tundra soil tundra permafrost

33. Ice Age 7. _________ time period when glaciers covered large parts of Earth’s surface

34. 8. Short-term climate changes A. ________-warm- water event in the Pacific Ocean El Niño

35. La Niña B. ________- colder than normal waters in the Pacific Ocean

40. 9. ______________- gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere Global warming

42. CFC’s- chlorofluorocarbons 10. ____________________-chemical compounds used in ________ and _______ that can damage the ozone layer aerosols coolants

44. 11. _________________- occurs when water vapor and carbon dioxide _______________, which causes the atmosphere to _______ greenhouse effect absorbs radiation heat up

47. The End