Short notes about venom and anti venom

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Snake venom and anti venom
Prahalad bairwa
BAMS 3 year

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INTRODUCTION
 Sanke venom is complex mixture of protein enzymes and various
others substances with toxic and lethal properties.
 Venoms contain more than 20 different compounds, mostly proteins
and polypeptides.
 Proteins constitutes 90-95% of venom‘s dry weight.

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THE VENOM APPARATUS

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CHEMISTRY OF SNAKE VENOM

7. z TYPES OF VENOM
 Neurotoxic
 Cytotoxic
 Hemotoxic
 Myotoxic

8. z NEUROTOXIC VENOM
 This type of venom attacks nervous system.
 This mainly include – fasciculins dendrotoxins and alpha neurotoxins
 Example – venom of cobra and kraits
 SYMPTOMS
 1. Respiratory arrest
 2. Dizziness
 3. Prolonged unconsciousness

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CYTOTOXIC VENOM
 Cytotoxins involve phospholipase, cardiotoxins.
 Phospholipases helps to split cell membrane and helps to digest
and subdue prey.
 Symptoms
 Localized symptoms – blue black spots on the site of bite.

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HEMOTOXIC VENOM

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MYOTOXIC VENOM

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MANAGEMENT OF SNAKE BITE
1. Transport to hospital
2. Rapid clinical assessment and resuscitation
3. Species diagnosis
4. Investigation
5. Antivenom treatment

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ANTI-VENOM

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MAKING OF SNAKE VENOM

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PRODUCTION OF ANTI VENOM

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CLASSIFICATION
 MONOVALENT ANTI
VENOM
 Obtained from a single
species.
 POLYVALENT ANTI VENOM
 Obtained from two or more
species of snakes.
 In india polyvalent anti venom
is in use.

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