Chondrocranium features of frog larvae in the genus Physalaemus
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This document summarizes research on the chondrocranium features of frog larvae in the genus Physalaemus and related genera. Key findings include: 1) Physalaemus larvae generally have a V- or U-shaped suprarostral corpus connected to alae bearing an anterior process, a basihyal is absent, and the neurocranium is longer than wide and depressed. 2) Engystomops and Pleurodema larvae have a ventrally fused suprarostral corpus and alae, while Eupemphix is similar to Physalaemus. 3) There is less variation in chondrocranium features among Physalaemus species compared
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Chondrocranium features of frog larvae in the genus Physalaemus
- 1. CHONDROCRANIUM FEATURES OF FROG LARVAE OF THE GENUS PHYSALAEMUS (Anura: Leiuperidae) AND THEIR RELATIVES Diogo B. Provete UNESP-São Paulo, Brazil Punta del Este July 2010
- 3. Grant et al. 2006
- 4. Grant et al. 2006
- 6. McDiarmid & Altig, 1999
- 7. Engystomops Physalaemus Pseudopaludicola Edalorhina Pleurodema Eupemphix
- 10. Results P. santafecinus P. fernandezae Vera Candioti, 2007 Alcalde et al. , 2006
- 11. Results Fabrezi & Vera, 1997 P. cuqui P. biligonigerus
- 12. Results Fabrezi & Vera, 1997 P. tucumana P. borelli
- 24. Larson & De Sá, 1998 Leptodactylus Carnivorous (e.g., L. pentadactylus ) Lentic-benthic (e.g., L. fuscus ) Nidicolous (e.g., L. gr. marmoratus ) Semiterrestrial Physalaemus Lentic-benthic
Editor's Notes
- The genus Physalaemus is currently placed in the family Leiperidae. The most relevant literature about the family Leiuperidae. Grant and colleages removed the family from the synonym of Leptodactylidae based on molecular data.
- The taxa sampled by those authors were Pseudopaludicola, Physalaemus, Pleurodema and Edalorhina. The family is the sister taxon of a clade composed by the family Bufonidae and Hylodidae, and other Dendrobatoidea. There is no morphological synapomorphy for the family.
- The genus Physalaemus comprises currently 46 species, divuded into 7 species groups. The species goups within the genus Physalaemus were reviewed recently by Nascimento and colleages, who removed from the genera Engystomops and Eupemphix fom its synonym. Despite some criticism, their arrangement has been folowed by several authors. The diagnosis og the genus is fully based on adult traits
- There are several ecomorphological guilds among tadpoles. They are partially represented here. Carnivores, school of suspension feeder, macrophagus, arboreal, nektonic and benthic (Bufo or Rhinella)
- All tadpole of the family Leiuperide present a “pond-type” tadpoles, lentic: benthic. Not so much variation in the body shape.