The document provides background information on the Cold War and the gradual thawing of relations between the US and USSR in the 1970s. It discusses key events like Nixon's visit to China in 1972, the first Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) in the same year, and increasing efforts at détente between the two superpowers through diplomacy and arms control negotiations. However, tensions increased again in the late 1970s after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

1. Why did the cold War thaw in the 1970s? LO: Explain how the Cold War progressed after Vietnam

2. Study source A. What reasons does it give to suggest that people should vote for the liberals? [8]

3. Study source A. What reasons does it give to suggest that people should vote for the liberals? [8 marks] Level 1 – Simple assertions based on surface reading of the source. [1-2] Level 2 – Reasons based on reading of the source but with supporting evidence from either the source or back ground knowledge.[3-4] Level 3 – Reasons based on reading of the source but with supporting evidence from both the source and back ground knowledge. [5—7] Level 4 – As per level 3 but with a developed conclusion. [8]

17. The Cold War starts to Freeze once more as relations break down.

20. Reagan – The 80s

21. Reagan – The 80s

25. Super power relations. Time. 1980 1979 1981 0 = at war 10 = close friends

26. Ronald Reagan – the ex-actor hated Communism and called Communism the ‘Evil Empire’. He tried to develop weapons technology called ‘Star Wars’ – this greatly worried the Soviets. Moscow and LA Olympics – US athletes didn’t attend the games in Moscow and four years later the soviets did the same when the games were in LA. Afghanistan – the USSR got involved in Afghanistan against the Mujahideen. The Americans backed the Mujahideen and the war became the Soviet’s version of the Vietnam War. Collapse of SALT 2 – further talks about limiting nuclear weapons failed. New nuclear weapons – the USSR began to replace old weapons and the US did the same. The new weapons were more devastating and posed a greater threat. Human rights – the US president Jimmy Carter openly criticised the Soviet treatment of those that spoke out against its rule. Civil wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador. America and the Soviets backed opposing sides in the conflict. Revolution in Iran – the Shah or Iran was supported by America. When he was removed from power the new government rejected the US. This act altered the power balance in the Middle East. Ronald Reagan – the ex-actor hated Communism and called Communism the ‘Evil Empire’. He tried to develop weapons technology called ‘Star Wars’ – this greatly worried the Soviets. Moscow and LA Olympics – US athletes didn’t attend the games in Moscow and four years later the soviets did the same when the games were in LA. Afghanistan – the USSR got involved in Afghanistan against the Mujahideen. The Americans backed the Mujahideen and the war became the Soviet’s version of the Vietnam War. Collapse of SALT 2 – further talks about limiting nuclear weapons failed. New nuclear weapons – the USSR began to replace old weapons and the US did the same. The new weapons were more devastating and posed a greater threat. Human rights – the US president Jimmy Carter openly criticised the Soviet treatment of those that spoke out against its rule. Civil wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador. America and the Soviets backed opposing sides in the conflict. Revolution in Iran – the Shah or Iran was supported by America. When he was removed from power the new government rejected the US. This act altered the power balance in the Middle East.

27. Task 3 - Match the Key Words to their meanings Giant shield in space that could shoot down enemy missiles Reagan US President in the 1980s “ Star Wars” Strategic Arms Reduction Talks START Relaxation Helsinki Accords Agreement signed by 37 countries to recognise Soviet frontiers and agree on basic human rights SALT Strategic Arms Limitations Talks ICBM Type of missile Detente

33. Chronology – Put the events in order in your books. Nixon flies To Moscow SALT I Soviets leave of Afghanistan SALT II 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 1980 USA boycott Moscow Olympics Star Wars Gorbachev wants detente Berlin Wall falls End of Cold War