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is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  	
  
sketching	
  a	
  current	
  debate	
  
University	
  of	
  Utrecht,	
  Game	
  Studies	
  2012	
  
Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
Ian	
  Bogost	
  
	
  

•  Professor	
  at	
  the	
  
Georgia	
  Ins)tute	
  of	
  
Technology	
  
•  Video	
  game	
  designer	
  
and	
  researcher	
  
•  Most	
  outspoken	
  cri)c	
  
of	
  gamifica)on	
  
•  Suggested	
  reading:	
  
www.bogost.com	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Bogost‘s	
  thesis	
  
	
  
Gamifica)on	
  is	
  …	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Defini)on	
  of	
  „Bullshit“	
  
•  Harry	
  Frankfurt‘s	
  essay:	
  „On	
  Bullshit“	
  (1986)	
  
•  Bullshit	
  
–  Dis)nc)on	
  between	
  lying	
  and	
  bullshi^ng	
  
–  Used	
  to	
  conceal,	
  impress	
  and	
  persuade	
  	
  
	
  someone	
  
–  Bullshi_ers	
  are	
  generally	
  unconcerned	
  with	
  the	
  truth	
  or	
  
falsehood	
  of	
  their	
  statements	
  
	
   	
  
lies	
  

	
  
	
   04.10.2012	
  

	
  bullshit	
  is	
  a	
  greater	
  enemy	
  of	
  the	
  truth	
  than	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
„GAMIFICATION	
  IS	
  BULLSHIT“	
  

•  griaer‘s	
  game	
  
•  mod-­‐marke)ng	
  miracle	
  
•  watered-­‐down	
  magic	
  	
  
•  exploita)onware	
  
	
  
04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Cow	
  Clicker	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  1	
  
	
  What	
  is	
  gamifica)on	
  according	
  to	
  Ian	
  Bogost?	
  
	
  
–  A.	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  redesign	
  old-­‐school	
  games	
  
–  B.	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  exploit	
  users	
  for	
  the	
  benefit	
  of	
  corpora)ons	
  
–  C.	
  a	
  concept	
  that	
  uses	
  game	
  mechanics	
  to	
  make	
  games	
  be_er	
  
–  D.	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  design	
  normal	
  things	
  to	
  be	
  more	
  fun	
  

	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  2	
  	
  
	
  Why	
  does	
  Bogost	
  call	
  the	
  product	
  of	
  	
  
	
  gamifica)on	
  “exploita)onware”?	
  
–  A.	
  they	
  exist	
  only	
  to	
  capture	
  data	
  
–  B.	
  they	
  are	
  made	
  by	
  robots	
  
–  C.	
  they	
  aren’t	
  real	
  games	
  
–  D.	
  marketers	
  use	
  them	
  to	
  bullshit	
  people	
  

	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Gartner	
  Hype	
  Cycle	
  2012	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  3	
  
	
  According	
  to	
  the	
  Gartner	
  Hype	
  Cycle,	
  in	
  what	
  
)me	
  frame	
  will	
  gamifica)on	
  reach	
  its	
  peak?	
  
–  A.	
  less	
  than	
  2	
  years	
  
–  B.	
  2	
  to	
  5	
  years	
  
–  C.	
  5	
  to	
  10	
  years	
  
–  D.	
  more	
  than	
  10	
  years	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
beyond	
  	
  
Bogost...	
  
Gabe	
  Zichermann	
  
	
  

•  Googler,	
  
entrepreneur,	
  author	
  
and	
  marke)ng	
  
consultant	
  
	
  
•  “Dark	
  Lord“of	
  the	
  
gamifica)on	
  
movement	
  
	
  
•  Focuses	
  on	
  points,	
  
badges,	
  and	
  
leaderboards	
  
	
  
04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Jane	
  McGonigal	
  
• 	
  advocate	
  of	
  gamifica)on	
  
	
  
• “gaming-­‐esque”	
  achievement	
  and	
  sa)sfac)on	
  
	
  
• 	
  add	
  gamelike	
  layer	
  to	
  the	
  world	
  
	
  
• “reality	
  is	
  broken”	
  because	
  people	
  don’t	
  get	
  to	
  
feel	
  “epic”	
  oaen	
  enough	
  
	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  4	
  
	
  Which	
  of	
  the	
  following	
  entrepreneurs	
  is	
  
considered	
  the	
  Dark	
  Lord	
  of	
  the	
  gamifica)on	
  
movement?	
  
	
  
– A.	
  Lewis	
  Zimmerman	
  
– B.	
  Gabe	
  Zichermann	
  
– C.	
  Mark	
  Zuckerberg	
  
– D.	
  Gabe	
  Zimmerman	
  
	
  
04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  5	
  
Why	
  is	
  Jane	
  McGonigal	
  cri)cized?	
  
	
  
–  A.	
  She	
  defines	
  gamifica)on	
  wrong	
  
–  B.	
  She’s	
  a	
  woman	
  
–  C.	
  She	
  doesn’t	
  ask	
  why	
  people	
  are	
  unhappy	
  
–  D.	
  She	
  focuses	
  too	
  much	
  on	
  serious	
  gaming	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Problem-­‐solu>on:	
  Sebas>an	
  Deterding	
  
Which	
  points	
  are	
  oaen	
  missing?	
  
1.  Meaning|	
  content,	
  community	
  
2.  Mastery	
  |	
  compe--on,	
  goals,	
  
rules&rewards	
  
3.  Autonomy	
  |	
  a	
  free	
  space	
  to	
  play	
  
in	
  and	
  with	
  
Solu)on?	
  
Know	
  your	
  users	
  |	
  learn	
  how	
  to	
  
design	
  a	
  game	
  |	
  test	
  forever!	
  
04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Opinion	
  Con>nuum	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Ques)on	
  6	
  	
  
	
  What	
  are	
  the	
  three	
  points	
  Deterding	
  is	
  missing	
  
in	
  most	
  uses	
  of	
  gamifica)on?	
  
–  A.	
  meaning,	
  achievement,	
  collabora)on	
  
–  B.	
  meaning,	
  mastery,	
  autonomy	
  
–  C.	
  meaning,	
  form,	
  mastery	
  
–  D.	
  meaning,	
  form,	
  autonomy	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Correct	
  Answers	
  
1.	
  B	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  a	
  way	
  to	
  exploit	
  users	
  for	
  the	
  benefit	
  of	
  corpora)ons	
  	
  
2.	
  A	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  they	
  exist	
  only	
  to	
  capture	
  data	
  
3.	
  C	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  5-­‐10	
  years	
  
4.	
  B	
  	
  	
  	
   	
  Gabe	
  Zichermann	
  
5.	
  C	
  	
  	
  	
  	
   	
  she	
  doesn’t	
  ask	
  why	
  people	
  are	
  unhappy	
  
6.	
  B	
  	
  	
   	
   	
  meaning,	
  mastery,	
  autonomy	
  

04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Final	
  Round	
  
	
  According	
  to	
  Deterding,	
  which	
  one	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  
following	
  points	
  is	
  not	
  essen)al	
  to	
  design	
  
successful	
  gamifica)on?	
  
	
  
–  A.	
  do	
  user	
  research	
  
–  B.	
  be	
  innova)ve	
  
–  C.	
  test	
  your	
  prototype	
  
–  D.	
  learn	
  basics	
  of	
  game	
  design	
  
	
  
04.10.2012	
  

Is	
  gamifica)on	
  bullshit?	
  Laura	
  Amenta,	
  Therese	
  SchediBa,	
  Noraly	
  Schiet,	
  Kimberly	
  Waldbillig	
  
	
  
Gamified	
  yet?	
  

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Gamification is Bullshit

  • 1. is  gamifica)on  bullshit?     sketching  a  current  debate   University  of  Utrecht,  Game  Studies  2012   Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig  
  • 2. Ian  Bogost     •  Professor  at  the   Georgia  Ins)tute  of   Technology   •  Video  game  designer   and  researcher   •  Most  outspoken  cri)c   of  gamifica)on   •  Suggested  reading:   www.bogost.com   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 3. Bogost‘s  thesis     Gamifica)on  is  …   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 4. Defini)on  of  „Bullshit“   •  Harry  Frankfurt‘s  essay:  „On  Bullshit“  (1986)   •  Bullshit   –  Dis)nc)on  between  lying  and  bullshi^ng   –  Used  to  conceal,  impress  and  persuade      someone   –  Bullshi_ers  are  generally  unconcerned  with  the  truth  or   falsehood  of  their  statements       lies       04.10.2012    bullshit  is  a  greater  enemy  of  the  truth  than   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 5. „GAMIFICATION  IS  BULLSHIT“   •  griaer‘s  game   •  mod-­‐marke)ng  miracle   •  watered-­‐down  magic     •  exploita)onware     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 6. Cow  Clicker   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 7. Ques)on  1    What  is  gamifica)on  according  to  Ian  Bogost?     –  A.  a  way  to  redesign  old-­‐school  games   –  B.  a  way  to  exploit  users  for  the  benefit  of  corpora)ons   –  C.  a  concept  that  uses  game  mechanics  to  make  games  be_er   –  D.  a  way  to  design  normal  things  to  be  more  fun     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 8. Ques)on  2      Why  does  Bogost  call  the  product  of      gamifica)on  “exploita)onware”?   –  A.  they  exist  only  to  capture  data   –  B.  they  are  made  by  robots   –  C.  they  aren’t  real  games   –  D.  marketers  use  them  to  bullshit  people     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 9. Gartner  Hype  Cycle  2012   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 10. Ques)on  3    According  to  the  Gartner  Hype  Cycle,  in  what   )me  frame  will  gamifica)on  reach  its  peak?   –  A.  less  than  2  years   –  B.  2  to  5  years   –  C.  5  to  10  years   –  D.  more  than  10  years   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 12. Gabe  Zichermann     •  Googler,   entrepreneur,  author   and  marke)ng   consultant     •  “Dark  Lord“of  the   gamifica)on   movement     •  Focuses  on  points,   badges,  and   leaderboards     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 13. Jane  McGonigal   •   advocate  of  gamifica)on     • “gaming-­‐esque”  achievement  and  sa)sfac)on     •   add  gamelike  layer  to  the  world     • “reality  is  broken”  because  people  don’t  get  to   feel  “epic”  oaen  enough     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 14. Ques)on  4    Which  of  the  following  entrepreneurs  is   considered  the  Dark  Lord  of  the  gamifica)on   movement?     – A.  Lewis  Zimmerman   – B.  Gabe  Zichermann   – C.  Mark  Zuckerberg   – D.  Gabe  Zimmerman     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 15. Ques)on  5   Why  is  Jane  McGonigal  cri)cized?     –  A.  She  defines  gamifica)on  wrong   –  B.  She’s  a  woman   –  C.  She  doesn’t  ask  why  people  are  unhappy   –  D.  She  focuses  too  much  on  serious  gaming   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 16. Problem-­‐solu>on:  Sebas>an  Deterding   Which  points  are  oaen  missing?   1.  Meaning|  content,  community   2.  Mastery  |  compe--on,  goals,   rules&rewards   3.  Autonomy  |  a  free  space  to  play   in  and  with   Solu)on?   Know  your  users  |  learn  how  to   design  a  game  |  test  forever!   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 17. Opinion  Con>nuum   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 18. Ques)on  6      What  are  the  three  points  Deterding  is  missing   in  most  uses  of  gamifica)on?   –  A.  meaning,  achievement,  collabora)on   –  B.  meaning,  mastery,  autonomy   –  C.  meaning,  form,  mastery   –  D.  meaning,  form,  autonomy   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 19. Correct  Answers   1.  B            a  way  to  exploit  users  for  the  benefit  of  corpora)ons     2.  A            they  exist  only  to  capture  data   3.  C            5-­‐10  years   4.  B          Gabe  Zichermann   5.  C            she  doesn’t  ask  why  people  are  unhappy   6.  B          meaning,  mastery,  autonomy   04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig    
  • 20. Final  Round    According  to  Deterding,  which  one  out  of  the   following  points  is  not  essen)al  to  design   successful  gamifica)on?     –  A.  do  user  research   –  B.  be  innova)ve   –  C.  test  your  prototype   –  D.  learn  basics  of  game  design     04.10.2012   Is  gamifica)on  bullshit?  Laura  Amenta,  Therese  SchediBa,  Noraly  Schiet,  Kimberly  Waldbillig