1. SILICON RETINA
USING VLSI
TECHNOLOGY

2.  Working
of eye.
 Retinal Cells.
 Retinal diseases.
 Macular degeneration.
 Retinitis Pigmentosa.
 Artificial Silicon Retina.
 Implantation Surgery.
 Working of ASR device
 Role of ASR in tracking objects.
 Other applications.
 Conclusion.

3. EYE
How our retina works ?

4.  Rods
 Cones
 Ganglion
Cells

5. Age-related
Macular
Degeneration(AMD)
Retinitis Pigmentosa(RP)

6. 
Primarily affects the
highest resolution central
portion of the retina
known as the macula.

7.  Patients
have severe narrowing of
their visual fields down to a very
small central circle, and all
patients suffering with it are
legally blind.

8.  ASR
designed to stimulate damaged
retinal cells from within the retina to
allow the cells to recreate visual
signals that are processed and sent
to the brain.
 The ASR microchip is a silicon chip
2 mm in diameter, 25 microns in
thickness.
 IT contains approximately 5,000
microscopic solar cells called
“micro photodiodes,” each with its
own stimulating electrode.

9. INCISION
VACCUMING
AND
FILLING
SUBRETINAL SPACE

10.  The
ASR's photoelectric signals can
induce artificial biological visual
signals in the remaining functional
retinal cells.
 These signals are processed and sent
to the brain through the optic nerve .

11.  The
top image shows the raw output
of the retina chip, the middle one a
picture processed from it and the
third shows how moving face would
appear.
 The silicon retina provides
information about the edges of
images rather than a whole picture.
Edge information is usually sufficient
for detecting and tracking objects.

12.  Walking
Robots
 Smart
Sensors(Remote
monitoring devices)

13. No
significant safety-related
adverse effects were
observed.
Retinal visual improvements.
A larger clinical trial is
indicated to further evaluate
the safety and efficacy of a
sub-retinally implanted ASR.