Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern of resource use, that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present but also for generations to come (sometimes taught as ELF -Environment, Local people, Future)

1. Presentation on
Could we achieve goal 13 of the SDGs within
the existing international economy context?
Venue: Jagannath University
Date: 15 March 2019 (Friday) | Time: 11:30 am

2. Could we achieve goal 13 of
the SDGs within the existing
international economy
context?
Roll: M180401706, PMDS
Ratan Kumar Shil01
Roll: M180401701, PMDS
Md. Zahirul Islam02
Roll: M180401710, PMDS
Md. Nurul Amin Siddiki03
Roll: M180401703, PMDS
Mehedi Hassan Toukir04
Group name - Scintilla

3. 201920182017

4. ‘meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to
meet their own needs.’ ( Our Common Future,
The Brundtland Commission, formally the World
Commission on Environment and Development
(WCED) report, United Nations. 1987.)
Sustainable Development
Sustainable development (SD) is a pattern
of resource use, that aims to meet human
needs while preserving the environment
so that these needs can be met not only in
the present, but also for generations to
come (sometimes taught as ELF -
Environment, Local people, Future)

5. Bangladesh: A country of Potential and Poverty
Area: 144000 sq km.
Population more than 150 million,
density more than 1300 per sq km.
One of the most fertile land,
Agriculture is the main livelihood.
Rich water system and
biodiversity: rivers, canals, ponds
and wetlands
Industrious and creative
work force
Oil gas resources in onshore
and offshore, coal in north of the
country.
But trapped in a cycle of poverty and vulnerability.

6. How Resources turn into Curse?
The surprisingly negative outcomes in oil- and
mineral-dependent countries are referred to as the
“resource curse.” (Covering Oil..)
Natural resource abundance does therefore hinder
economic growth in countries with grabber friendly
institutions, but does not in countries with producer friendly
institutions. (Institutions and the resource curse: Halvor Mehlum, Karl
Moene and Ragnar Torvik, 2nd March 2005)
Many countries rich in natural resources exploit and
squander that wealth to enrich a minority while
corruption and mismanagement leave the majority
impoverished. (COVERING OIL: Edited by Svetlana Tsalik
and Anya Schiffrin, Open Society Institute, 2005
according to the second Arab Human Development
Report, released by the United Nations in 2003, high
dependence on oil in parts of the Middle East has led
to “the over concentration of wealth in a few hands,”
and “faltering economic growth,” and “weakened the
demand for knowledge.”

7. 201920182017

8. Take urgent action to combat
climate change and its impacts

9. PROGRESSOFGOAL
13IN2018  As of 9 April 2018, 175 Parties had ratified the
Paris Agreement and 168 Parties (167
countries plus the European Commission) had
communicated their first nationally determined
contributions to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change Secretariat.
 In addition, as of 9 April 2018, 10 developing
countries had successfully completed and
submitted the first iteration of their national
adaptation plans for responding to climate
change.
 Developed country Parties continue to make
progress towards the goal of jointly mobilizing
$100 billion annually by 2020 to address the
needs of developing countries in the context
of meaningful mitigation actions.
The year 2017 was one of the three
warmest on record and Agreement on
Climate Change. was 1.1 degrees Celsius
above the pre-industrial period. An analysis
by the World Meteorological Organization
shows that the five-year average global
temperature from 2013 to 2017 was also
the highest on record. The world continues
to experience rising sea levels, extreme
weather conditions (the North Atlantic
hurricane season was the costliest ever
recorded) and increasing concentrations of
greenhouse gases. This calls for urgent and
accelerated action by countries as they
implement their commitments to the Paris

10. Climate change can hinder the achievement of SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) introduce a holistic and
integrated framework that spans
across social, economic and
environmental dimensions. While the
17 goals with 169 targets range from
tackling poverty to creating
meaningful global partnerships –
which are all equally important issues
- the goals need to be prioritised
according to country-specific needs.
This is particularly true in the
context of Bangladesh – a country
that has repeatedly been cited as
one of the most climate-vulnerable
nations. In Bangladesh, some of
the changes induced by climate
change include rise in the sea
level, intensified natural disasters,
degraded natural resources and
displacement of its population. The
aftermath of these impacts spread
across most social, economic and
environmental sectors making it
intrinsically linked to the
achievement of all the other SDGs.
Goal 13 is specifically
assigned for climate change –
“Take urgent action to combat
climate change and its
impacts,” climate change is a
cross-cutting issue and the
Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC)
suggests that the impacts of
climate change can potentially
affect all of the SDGs.

11. Climate change connects with the other SDGs in Bangladesh.
• Climate variability could cause reduction of long-term rice production by 7.4 per
cent per year over the years 2005 to 2050.
• A net loss amounting to USD 26 million in agriculture GDP (gross domestic
product) over the same period.
• Lower crop yields could result in at least 15 per cent net increase in poverty
• Climate change can trigger displacement, forcing people to move to urban
slums and end up in poverty traps.
• Climatic disasters (e.g. floods, cyclones) are often followed by water stress and
waterborne diseases.
• Victims who survive such disasters suffer mental trauma.
• Damaged roads and infrastructures force children to drop out of schools.
• Cyclone Sidr destroyed 74 primary schools and damaged another 8,817. An
estimated 103,664 children were affected by this loss.

12. Climate change connects with the other SDGs in BD (CONT.)
• Women remain more vulnerable to climatic disasters. For example, death ratio
between women and men in cyclone Sidr was 5:1
• Climate change will affect natural resources and rural women are usually in
charge of going the extra distance for collecting resources for the household.
• Salinity intrusion in the coastal area impacts access to freshwater. Disasters
also destroy existing drinking water and sanitation facilities.
• Energy is essential for development. Exploiting fossil fuels for energy will
release greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, which will contribute
towards climate change
• Bangladesh is highly dependent on agriculture and fisheries, loss in these
sectors results in overall GDP loss.
• Salinity intrusion threatens the jobs of agriculture labourers as well as the
livelihoods of small-scale farmers

13. Climate change connects with the other SDGs in BD (CONT.)
• Innovations such as renewable energy solutions could be major tools for
mitigating climate change.
• Climate change will disproportionately affect marginal groups, making their
situation worse, and increasing inequality within the citizens of Bangladesh.
• Migrants who move to cities will exert stress on urban infrastructure and
services. Also climatic situations such as heavy rainfall and heatwaves will
affect urban systems.
• Bangladesh is growing economically, which means increased industrialisation.
This will result in extensive use of fossil fuels and will lead to environmental
degradation.

14. Climate change connects with the other SDGs in BD (CONT.)
• As the sea surface temperature rises due to climate change, the composition of
the water bodies in Bangladesh will see changes and lead to loss of species.
• Salinity intrusion will impact both fresh water and marine fisheries.
• Sundarbans – the largest mangrove forest in the world is a natural carbon
dioxide sink. It also serves as a natural barrier to tropical storms. Sundarban-
based ecosystem services will be impacted by climate change.
• By building effective, inclusive and accountable institutions at all levels, it will
be possible to establish good governance within various institutions in
Bangladesh. A study conducted by Bhuiyan (2015)1 denoted the lack of good
governance as one of the key barriers for climate adaptation.

15. Impact of Climate Change on Human LIFE (ICCHL)

16. Matrix of the data availability for SDGs indicators
SDGs Total
Target
Total
Indicators
Data Availability for the Indicators
Readily
Available
Partially
Available
Not Available
SDG 13: Climate 5 7 1 2 4

17. • The successful implementation of plans and
achievement of both the SDG and PA goals cannot be
achieved by the government ministries and agencies on
their own. It will require the inclusion of many other
stakeholders, including the private sector, the education
sector, the research and knowledge sector, as well as
others.
• The private sector has the biggest role to play, starting
from the investment sector of banks and insurance
companies making green investments.
• As for the construction sector, it needs to ensure that all
structures, both for infrastructure as well as buildings
and housing, need to be both green as well as climate
resilient. Another very important sector is the energy
sector where the emphasis needs to shift from fossil
fuel based to green and renewable energy investments.
The agriculture sector also needs to be involved in
climate resilient technologies and investments.
• Media houses have a very important role to play in
raising public awareness about both sustainable
development as well as climate change.
• the education sector, from primary to secondary to
tertiary sectors, all have a role to play to educate
children, youth and others to become green and climate
aware.
How we can achieve
SDG 13 and
climate change goals
Ministry of Environment and Forest
(MOEF) has taken the lead, but as
climate change affects every sector, this
ministry cannot achieve the goals alone,
and will need all other relevant ministries
to be involved.

18. Thank you
Any questions?