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Module 13 - Special Senses: Eye and Ear
- 1. Special Senses: Eye and Ear By Ryan Atkins Biology 120 – Medical Terminology Module 13
- 2. Pressure Equalizing Tube Abbreviation: PE Tube Also called “ear tubes”, these devices are small cylinders that are surgically inserted into the eardrum to prevent the accumulation of fluids behind the eardrum. Often the PE tubes will fall out on their own after approximately 6-12 months and require no further intervention, but in some cases they may need to be surgically removed.
- 3. Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Abbreviation: EENT Easily confused with ENT, which stands for “Ear, Nose, and Throat” but excludes eyes.
- 4. Bone Conduction Abbreviation: BC Used to describe the conduction of sounds to the inner ear via the bones of the skull rather than the eardrum. This technique can be used for individuals with hearing disabilities, although normally abled individuals can also use bone conduction devices.
- 5. Both Ears Abbreviation: AU From Latin, auris utraque; literally “both ears”.
- 6. Otitis Media Abbreviation: OM Ot/o – Ear -itis – Inflammation Media – Middle An infection of the middle ear, more common in children than adults, that generally resolves itself but can also be treated with antibiotics in severe cases or for individuals with otherwise weakened or compromised immune systems.
- 7. Emmetropia Abbreviation: EM A relaxed state of the eye, in which the focus is on an object more than 6 meters away. The light rays entering the eye are roughly parallel and so they are focused on the retina without any extra effort.
- 8. Exotropia Abbreviation: XT A form of strabismus (eye misalignment) in which one or both of the eyes are turned outward. The opposite of esotropia, or cross-eyed. Exotropia may be intermittent or constant, and can be observed in all age groups, genders, and races.
- 9. Left Eye Abbreviation: OS From Latin, oculus sinister; literally “left eye”.
- 10. Extraocular Movement Abbreviation: EOM Regarding the six muscles of each eye controlled by cranial nerves III, IV, and VI which coordinate the movement of the eyes. The six muscles are: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, and inferior oblique. Additionally, the levator palpebrae superioris is responsible for retracting and elevating the eyelid.
- 11. Visual Acuity Abbreviation: VA The sharpness or clarity of vision. Visual acuity is most commonly tested by having a patient read a series of letters or numbers of decreasing size from a fixed distance. “Perfect” visual acuity is most commonly referred to as 20/20 vision.