Knowledge Exchange Workshop on Wind Projects Planning May 9, 2013 Beirut, Lebanon

1. BOO Wind Power in Egypt
By:
Eng. Lamya Youssef Abd El Hady
General Manager for Renewable IPP Projects
Egyptian Electricity Transmission Co.
Beirut May 2013

2. Egypt Strategy for Renewable Energy
• In 2008 the Supreme Energy Council approved
an ambitious plan that the contribution of wind
energy will reach about 12% of total generation
by the year 2020.
•This requires an addition of 7200
MW, of which 3000 MW will be
installed in the Gulf of Suez.
•1250 MW of the 3000 MW will be
constructed by private sector which represents
about 67%.

3. Objectives of IPP/BOO Wind Program
• Accelerate development to achieve 2020
renewable energy target of 12% of total energy generated
• Bankable wind projects with low risk profile :
1. Joint Wind Measurement Campaign.
2. Clear site.
3. Environmental studies.
• Competitive kWh price – through effective
international competition through the following phases:
• Encourage local manufacturing, create Jobs,
transfer of knowhow and capacity building.
• Use best industry practice & experience

4. Steps Completed for the First 250
BOO Project In Gulf of Suez
• RFPQ issued in May 2009.
• 34 offers received in August 2009.
• Short list of 10 bidders concluded in
November 2009.
• The RFPQ document gave the
opportunity to the bidders either to
measure individually or jointly.

5. Steps Completed for the First 250 BOO
Project (Cont.)
• In January 2011 , a Site Measurement Framework Agreement
was signed between EETC and the short listed bidders.
• Nine of the short listed bidders opted to measure jointly
(became 8 after the withdrawal of AES), while EDF reserved the
right to measure individually.
• In July 2010 Garrad Hassan was contracted to do the Joint
Site Wind Measurements, which started in November 2010,
ended in November 2012.
• In March 2011 the company Map was contracted to do the
Joint Site Topographical Studies .
• In November 2011 consultant Hamza was contracted to
conduct the geotechnical studies.

6. Steps Completed for the First 250
BOO Project (Cont.)
• All three studies completed .
• Wind Measurement Extended till November2012.
• In March 2011 Fichtner was contracted for The Project
Consultancy Service( Financed By the WB).
• The first draft RFP including the Draft of PPA, interconnection
and usufruct agreements was submitted to EETC by EETC
Consultant Fichtner.
• Capacity Building was done by Fichtner through different
missions (Technical-Financial-Legal)
• In December 2012 EETC obtained the Sovereign Guarantee
For the Project.
• cooperation between EETC,NREA and Petroleum Authorities
to facilitate access roads and site permits to successful bidder.

7. Lessons learned from 250 BOO project
• Management of Joint Site Measurement Program financed
Jointly by the Bidders.
• Mitigation of wind projects risks as Bird migration risks.
• Technical, Economic, Financial and Legal Experience Gained.
• Land allocation procedure and coordination with other
authorities.
• High accuracy of wind measuring equipment and other site
studies .
• The Need for Alternatives Of Sovereign Guarantee.
BUT
• Consensus between competitors on every step requires time,
hard work & diplomatic skills to manage…

8. Steps Taken for Grid Connection Of
Large Wind Projects
• After Announcement of the renewable Strategy in 2008,
Studies were done to select the suitable plan to evacuate this
large amount of wind power to the grid.
• This study was done by Cheisi- Tractbell within Egypt Master
Generation Expansion Plan.
• This study has many scenarios but finally, it was agreed to
evacuate the 3000 MW wind power through the 500 KV
transmission line Gulf of Suez Samalut with the length of 280 KM.
• This project is financed by WB and the European Union and is
the Evaluation stage.
1-Evacuation of Wind Power

9. Steps Taken for Grid Connection Of
Large Wind Projects (cont’d)
• The nessacity to establish a grid code was raised due to
the fact of the high amount of wind power targeted.
• EETC team hand in hand with the Consultant Fichtner
established the first wind grid code conaitining the main
items as follows:
2-Wind Grid Code

10. Grid Code Main Requirements
• Fault ride through (FRT) requirements.
• Transmission system voltage and reactive power capability
requirements.
• System frequency and frequency response requirements;
(Active Power Control).
• Wind power forecasts requirements.
• Power Quality .
• Secondary Equipment and Remote operation requirements.

11. Interface between system
operator and independent power
producer (IPP) is the Connection
Point or Point of Common
Coupling(PCC).
Basic Aspects of Grid Code
Definitions – PCC

12. Basic Aspects of Grid Code Definition
Fault Ride Through Requirements

13. Basic Aspects of Grid Code
Definitions – PCC (Cont’d)
• Connection Conditions should treat the Power Plant as “black
box”, which means that all conditions should apply to the PCC.
• The Utility shall describe ranges of voltage and frequency at
the PCC that comply with actual system behaviour.
• The Utility shall define requirements for active and reactive
power output of the Power Plant that guarantee secure system
operation.

14. 1. Large Scale Wind Generation
FRT Requirement (cont’d)
• The FRT requirements also include fast active and reactive
power restoration to the prefault values, after the system
voltage returns to normal operation levels.
• Some codes impose increased reactive power generation by
the wind turbines during the disturbance, in order to provide
voltage support, a requirement that resembles the behaviour
of conventional synchronous generators in over-excited
operation.

15. TEMPORARY VOLTAGE DROPS DUE TO A NON-
SUCCESSFUL AUTO-RECLOSURE
In case of automatic reclosing applied….

16. 2. Reactive Power Range /
Voltage Control
• Reactive power contribution during voltage recovery
must be defined (e.g. no absorbing reactive power).
• Very important: Availability of pre-fault active power
after voltage recovery must clearly be defined.
• A wind generator that remains connected is useless if
it doesn’t produce active power during and after
voltage recovery.

17. 3. System frequency and
frequency response requirements
47 48 49 50 51 52
Frequency [Hz]
continuously
t≤10min
t≤20min
t≤30 min
t≤30 min
575 253
550 242
450 198
425 187
Voltage [kV]
500
220

18. b) Active power reduction due to
over-frequency
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
50 50.5 51 51.5
activepower
frequency [Hz]
PM

19. 4. Wind power forecasts requirements
• A forecast of wind generation is an additional input to the
pre-dispatch demand forecasting processes.
• Grid Codes specify that controllable wind farms should
provide their wind power output forecasts at least once a day
for the following 48 hours, as an example, each 30-minute
interval.
• A forecast update must also be available in National Control
Center (NECC).
• Still only 80% of all forecasts are being made within 85%
accuracy (Forecast error and backup).

20. 5. POWER QUALITY
• Harmonics
• Flicker
• Resonances due to long high-voltage cables
• ……….etc

21. 6. Grid Protection and Monitoring

22. 3-WB _Consultancy Service_ Wind Integration to NECC
• The services include, but not limited to;Analysis and
evaluation of current practice and recommend and
develop operational guidelines and changes to grid
operating strategy and procedures to accommodate the
technical constraints arising from integrating large wind
capacities into the Egyptian National Power Grid.

23. •Develop and design wind forecasting tools (and
incentives) to integrate wind energy plants into the grid
by capturing the smoothed out variability of wind
power production time series for the geographic
diversity and examine wind variation in combination
with load variations, coupled with actual historic utility
load and load forecasts.
•Design a real time system to be integrated /
interfaced with the upgraded SCADA / EMS system
and future MOS system of the National Control Center
(NCC) in order to control and monitor wind
generation.

24. Completed Activities:
•Call and submitting of EOI
•Short Listing
•Preparation of RFP
•Submission of Proposals
•Opening of Technical Proposals
Procurement Plan:
•Approx. 12 months from WB NO.

25. 4-AFD Consultancy Service ForDynamic Studies
Of Large scale WP
• Activities completed:
• Call and submitting of EOI
• Short Listing
• Preparing the RFP

26. CONCLUSIONS
• WP differs from the traditional power generation sources
because of its intermittent varying nature. WP imposes many
technical requirements and challenges of different aspects.
• The fast growing penetration of the WP within the existing
grids has to be faced by adding new equipments and
technologies to adapt the grid capabilities
• New Grid Code requirements are necessary. New philosophy
and tools for the protection and control strategy of the grids

27. Thank You