a brief idea of sanitation disposal and water treatment

1. Lesson number: 7 unit 3 Subject: Biology
Topic: Sanitation Disposal and waste water treatment. Time: 40 min
Class: 6th
Instructional objectives
Students will be able to
Knowledge
1. To have brief idea of sanitation, disposal and treatment
of wastes.
2. To generalize the idea of the process of sewage
treatment plants.
Understanding
3. To establish relation of pollution to that of health.
Skill
4. To develop the process of composting procedure in
their day to day life.
Teaching points
 Sanitation –disposal and treatment of wastes.
 Dumping
 Composting
 Sewage treatment plants
 Pollution and health.
Teaching aids
Charts to show images of dumping composting, sewage treatment plants
and pollution. Video to show the process of sewage treatment plant.
Reference books
Biology text book 6th
ICSE

2. Previous knowledge Teacher’s activity Students activity
Students have an idea of how waste is
disposed in Bangalore city.
Teacher greets the student.
All human beings produce wastes of various
types such as urine, faeces, wastes from
washing and cooking and solid wastes which
are produced at home, in work places,
schools, hospitals and other public places. All
these wastes need to be controlled and
managed for the benefit of the people and the
environment that we live in.
In urban areas where people live close
together and space can be limited, managing
these wastes in a difficult problem.
What is your opinion about this?
So, what do we think we need to do to control
these wastes?
Student greets the student.
Students listen to the problems.
Dust should be disposed in proper places
etc.
No answer.
Statement of aim: In today’s class we are going to learn about sanitation disposal and treatment of wastes.

3. Content Teaching points Teacher’s activity Students activity Evaluation
Sanitation- Disposal and treatment of
wastes.
Proper sanitation is must for healthy
living. One important way for
maintaining sanitation is the proper
disposal of wastes. There are several
methods of maintaining proper
sanitation. Some of them are discussed
below: Dumping: waste materials are
dumped in pits which are made away
from the residential areas and
agricultural lands. The pits are
subsequently covered with soil and
sand.
Composting: in this technique the
waste material like that of the
vegetables, agricultural wastes and
animal wastes (dung, urine) is put in a
pit where it is allowed to decay and
decompose. After a few months,
compost is formed. The compost is
used as manure.
Sanitation,
disposal and
treatment of
wastes.
Dumping
Composting
Teacher explains sanitation and disposal,
treatment of water using charts. Proper
sanitation is must for healthy living. One
important way for maintaining sanitation
is the proper disposal of wastes. There are
several methods of maintaining proper
sanitation. Some of them are discussed
below:
Explains using charts: Dumping: waste
materials are dumped in pits which are
made away from the residential areas and
agricultural lands. The pits are
subsequently covered with soil and sand.
Composting: in this technique the waste
material like that of the vegetables,
agricultural wastes and animal wastes
(dung, urine) is put in a pit where it is
allowed to decay and decompose. After a
few months, compost is formed. The
compost is used as manure.
Students look at
the images and
listens actively.
Students listens
Explain
dumping.
Waste
materials
dumped in pits
which are
made from
agricultural
lands etc.

4. Content Teaching
points
Teacher’s activity Students activity Evaluation
Sewage treatment plants: This
method is used in big cities by the
local municipal bodies. The liquid
wastes from the houses are carried to
the treatment plants through sewer
lines. Waste water after treatment is
recycled while the solid waste is
converted into manure.
Thus, community hygiene includes
I. Provision of clean drinking
water.
II. Efficient methods for
garbage and sewage disposal.
In addition, provision of
health clinics and health
workers to maintain and
improve community health
are also required.
Sewage
treatment
plants.
Explains using charts and videos.
Sewage treatment plants: This method is
used in big cities by the local municipal
bodies. The liquid wastes from the houses
are carried to the treatment plants through
sewer lines. Waste water after treatment
is recycled while the solid waste is
converted into manure.
Thus, community hygiene includes
I. Provision of clean drinking water.
II. Efficient methods for garbage and
sewage disposal. In addition,
provision of health clinics and
health workers to maintain and
improve community health are
also required.
Students listen Explain sewage
treatment plan in
brief.
The liquid wastes
from the houses
are carried to the
treatment plants
through sewer
lines. Waste
water after
treatment is
recycled while
the solid waste is
converted into
manure.

5. Content Teaching
points
Teacher’s activity Students
activity
Evaluation
Pollution and health: Increasing human
population has drastically lowered the
quality of the environment air, water
and land in which we live. This is
creating lot of health hazards for the
humans. Pollution, which has thus
resulted, is the introduction of
unwanted usually harmful substances
into the environment. Addition of
harmful gases and other particles in the
air has resulted in air pollution. The
harmful gases are being released from
the factories, automobiles, thermal
power plants and many other sources.
Air pollution causes diseases like
asthma, bronchitis and irritation in the
eyes and throat. Similarly, water
pollution makes water unfit for
drinking. Some of the factors which
cause water pollution are disposal of
sewage and discharge of industrial
wastes into rivers, bathing of humans
sand animals in or near water
Pollution and
health.
Explains by showing charts.
Increasing human population
has drastically lowered the
quality of the environment air,
water and land in which we live.
This is creating lot of health
hazards for the humans.
Pollution, which has thus
resulted, is the introduction of
unwanted usually harmful
substances into the
environment. Addition of
harmful gases and other
particles in the air has resulted
in air pollution. The harmful
gases are being released from
the factories, automobiles,
thermal power plants and many
other sources. Air pollution
causes diseases like asthma,
bronchitis and irritation in the
eyes and throat.
Explain pollution and
health.
Pollution, which has thus
resulted, is the
introduction of unwanted
usually harmful
substances into the
environment. Addition
of harmful gases and
other particles in the air
has resulted in air
pollution. The harmful
gases are being released
from the factories,
automobiles, thermal
power plants and many
other sources. Air
pollution causes diseases
like asthma, bronchitis
and irritation in the eyes
and throat.

6. Content Teaching points Teacher’s activity Students activity Evaluation
Sources and excessive use of
fertilizers and insecticides.
Polluted water causes serious water
borne diseases like cholera, typhoid,
dysentery and jaundice.
Similarly, water pollution makes
water unfit for drinking. Some of
the factors which cause water
pollution are disposal of sewage
and discharge of industrial
wastes into rivers, bathing of
humans and animals in or near
water.
Polluted water causes serious
water borne diseases like
cholera, typhoid, dysentery and
jaundice
Students listen.
Concluding statement: In today’s class we have learnt about sanitation disposal and treatment of wastes, dumping, composting sewage
treatment plants, pollution and health.

7. Recapitulation Black board work
1. Explain dumping. Waste materials are dumping in pits which are made far away from residential areas and
as well as agricultural land. Pits are subsequently covered with soil or sand.
2. Define pollution. It is an undesirable change in the natural quality of the environment that may adversely
affect man and other living beings.
Evaluation: Key answer.
1. Waste materials are dumped in pits which are subsequently covered with soil or sand is ______. Dumping.
2. After all the waste materials such as vegetables, animal wastes etc. are decomposed the compost
is used as ______________. Manure.
3. Name the three types of sewage treatment. Primary treatment,
Secondary treatment
Tertiary treatment.
Home work
1. Explain in brief of sewage treatment plant.
2. Draw a neat labelled diagram of sewage treatment plant.

10. The_sewage_treatment_process.mp4