2. Ambient Reputation
Management
Ambient [the immediate surroundings of
something] – [denoting advertising that makes use of
sites or objects other than the established media]
(OED, 2012)
Reputation [the beliefs or opinions that are
generally held about someone or something] (OED, 2012)
Management [the process of dealing with or
controlling things or people] (OED, 2012)
3. Significance of Reputation
Building and sustaining a favourable
corporate reputation is vital in the
creation of corporate competitive
advantage
enhancing an organisation’s financial
value
assuring product/service quality
influencing customer and employee
loyalty
4. Multidimensional construct
Economic perspective
reputation is perceptions about an organisation’s
strategy (Rindova et al., 2010, pp.613-614).
Sociological perspective
a broad collective knowledge and recognition (Rindova et
al., 2010, p.614).
Scholars from all disciplines unite on two
points:
the term reputation refers to social cognitions, such as
knowledge, impressions, perceptions, and beliefs, and
these social cognitions reside in the minds of external
observers (Tuominen, 2011b, p.71).
5. ARM - Strategy
Management and the whole
organisation are closely involved in
ambient reputation management.
Nebulous boundaries between
privacy and publicity, and the
content origin are accepted.
Reputation management is based
on the continuous and overlapping
interaction and entertainment
6. ARM - Vital Attributes
Corporate Governance
Shareholder value
Innovation
Corporate responsibility (CSR)
Role and leadership of CEO
Satisfied employees!
Sustainable Value Creation
7. Measurable Reputation drivers
Customers Employees Society Partners Shareholders
Financial
• Satisfaction survey • Employee turnover • Boycotts, marches, incidents • Quantity of partnerships • Number of shareholder
Indicators
• Cash flow
• Customer complaints • Employee profiles (ability, • License to operate accepted, sanctioned or resolutions • Earnings
• Third-party ratings and awards gender, race) • Direct action rejected on basis of stewardship • Results of shareholder • Costs
• Employee satisfaction criteria satisfaction survey
• Volume of discussion • Media reports • Capital expenditure
• Volume of discussion • Health and safety records of
• Sentiment of discussion
partners
• Sentiment of disc.
8. ARM – Bonded Loyalty
Buy Enjoy Bond Loyalty
Experience Satisfaction Emotion Trust
11. Ambient Reputation
Management
Major change for the service
providers
Shift from a world of careful
planning to one of continuous
uncertainty and risks.
Loyalty of intangible brands and
services is built up of attitudinal
loyalty (consisting of
commitment, trust, and
satisfaction)
12. ARM Results
Fewer customers become
dissatisfied and leave
Increases the probability that
existing customers form a bonded
loyalty
Accelerates the delivery of positive
word-of-mouth
Intensifies the advocacy of the
brand excellence
Attainment is the domain, where both the brand reputation attributes and experience-based reactions construct conceivable association within the consumers’ minds, who already may or may not embrace expectations based on their personal experience or peer reference. Despite the division in two sections, the attainments can overlap and they can be based on personal or collective interpretation or untainted predictions. Consumer mindis a assembled, imaginary pathway within the consumer’s mind; evolving from the existence of the service/product to reputation predictions and perceptions, joining the brand tribe, and becoming an advocate for reputational capital. The process draws from the interpretation of reputation being an representation of the company’s former actions, precense and future potential. Appearance is the representation of the consumer mind, portraying the measurable signs and appearances of the different stages within the reputation formation. Management tools presents the means for the managers to manage and measure the ambient reputation management framework. Within the managerial toolbox, many traditional tasks, disciplines, departments and responsibilities are overlapping, and in mastering the ambient reputation management process, these departments and responsibilities have to cooperate and interact with clear strategic vision and support provided by the top management of the company. Within the management tools, the IMC conveys advertising, marketing (communications), public relations and social networking services. Although considered a significant part of the IMC, dialogue has been listed distinctly in the tribalism and reputational capital steps, to further emphasise its importance. The framework comprises four interrelating levels portraying the advanced approach to reputation management. The framework integrates all operations within the organisation, and portrays the measurements adopted to assess the consumer’s mind set along the path of creating reputational capital for the brand concerned. Based on the multiple examples of committed tribal membership and advocacy by a member of a tribe who has never experienced the product or the service of the advocated brand, this framework has been constructed in the realisation that peer communications and cybernetic information can substitute the means of genuine experience. Within this framework, the imprecise boundaries between privacy and publicity and stakeholders and media are accepted and the management of reputation is based on overlapping and continuous internal and external interaction. Furthermore, the framework emphasises the altruistic approach towards the stakeholders with the aim of deepening the emotional connection (attitudinal loyalty and tribe formation) and gaining more reputational capital.