1. Inside the Computer: Focus on the PC Hardware Chapter 2 11/18/2009 1 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG||

2. Objectives At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: Learn the components of the motherboard Discuss the function of these components Learn about the CPU and its components Discuss form factor and sockets of the CPU Identify the power supply and its connectors Discuss the function of the connectors Learn about the primary and secondary memory Give the properties of these memory devices Learn the functions of drives Identify the different drives Differentiate the drives 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 2

3. The Motherboard This is the large circuit board that carries the data between the various parts as the information is processed It is a collection of devices (together on one large circuit board) that control the flow of data and operating electricity for all the primary components in a PC 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 3

4. The various parts that may be included or plugged into it are the modem, video card, network card, and others. It has places to plug in the mouse, keyboard, scanners, cameras, etc. These plugs are called ports and are usually on the back of the CPU box. 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 4

5. Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) chip controls the most basic functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn it on. The BIOS is boot firmware, designed to be the first code run by a PC when powered on. The initial function of the BIOS is to identify, test, and initialize system devices such as the video display card, hard disk, floppy disk and other hardware. The BIOS sets the machine hardware into a known state, so that software stored on compatible media can be loaded, executed, and given control of the PC.[3] This process is known as booting, or booting up, which is short for bootstrapping. 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 5

6. Chips These chips or Integrated Circuit (IC) are hundreds of transistors packed in a small package and they perform some functions An integrated circuit (also known as IC, microcircuit, microchip, silicon chip, or chip) is a miniaturized electronic circuit (consisting mainly of semiconductor devices, as well as passive components) that has been manufactured in the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material. 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 6

7. The chips on the motherboard Read Only Memory (ROM) Chips which store Basic Input/Output System and other programs CMOS storage which contains user-defined data used by the setup program Controllers which put together certain important functions. 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 7

8. Northbridge and Southbridge Chipset The chipset is a part of the motherboard’s logic system and is usually made of two parts – the Northbridge and the Southbridge. These two bridges connect the CPU to other parts of the computer 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 8

9. Activity 2.1 Answer the following questions: What is the importance of the motherboard in the computer system? What are the roles of northbridge and southbridgechipset? Post your answers to our website as notes . In case you don’t know what note is, it is located at the top of the site just below the site title. 11/18/2009 Daignose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems ||RMG|| 9