1.
Dualism
Materialism
Rationalism
Empiricism
Kelly Perez
Instructor

2.
the Mind-Body Problem

3.
Dualism
 Dualism is the belief that the mind and
body work together; you can’t have one
without the other.

4.
Materialism
Materialism is the belief the
mind and body are a
collection of atoms setup in
a complicated manner that
adheres to the law of
physics.

5.
Materialist would say…
 We know nothing of pure knowledge
 Dependent on the quick interpretation of sense
data,
 True knowledge takes times and patience after
long periods of time investigating the world
around us;
 In the end, all sensations are just atoms
discharging against one another.

6.
Dualism
 A Dualist believes that the mind and body work together

7.
The theory states
 The mind and the body are different kinds of
things
 The body is physical - the mind is nonphysical
 Physical facts are facts about the body, while
mental facts are facts about the mind

8.
Personal Identity
Where is the mind located?
Is the mind tied to one being?
If the mind can be transplanted are
possible?

9.
Video Questions
 Video - Dr. White; GRAPHIC
2:30-3:300: Isolated Brain – Consciousness, thoughts?
4:30-7:08: Successful HeadTransplant of Monkey
9:44-10:44: If not us, than who? Humans next?

10.
Rationalism /
Empiricism

11.
Reason (Rationalism)
 Truths are nothing
more than ideas that
have nothing to do
with the five senses.
 We use our logical
reasoning skills to
determine facts
Senses?

12.
Experience (Empiricism)
 Truths are nothing
more than ideas that
have everything to
do with the five
senses.
 We use our intuition
and “gut” to
determine facts
Clarify

13.
No SuchThing as Blind Faith
 In our lives we
accept knowledge
to be true because
we give it authority
to be true
 “How we do know”
is the focus of this
lecture
Reason?

14.
So What’s What?
 Where does human knowledge
ultimately come from?
 Radical Empiricism—all knowledge
comes from the senses
 Radical Rationalism—all knowledge
comes from logic and innate ideas
Quotes

15.
Do we need
intervention?
 How shall we decide what is right?
o Logic
o Evidence
o How do we weigh our own pre-dispositions?
o How far do we extend trust?
o In looking at views alien to our own how far do we
lift our distrust?

16.
Rationalist Philosophers
 Rationalists share the view that there is innate
knowledge
 Plato was a Rationalist because he believed
the Forms was present at birth; dormant until
used.
 Descartes thinks the idea of God and
knowledge of his own existence is present
before birth
 Chomsky believed the ability to understand
language was present in womb

17.
Empiricist Philosophers
 There is no such thing as innate knowledge;
you learn all as you experience it
 Locke - claimed that sense experience is the
ultimate starting point for all our knowledge.
 Berkeley
 Hume

18.
IF and Maybe

19.
Dualism
Materialism
Rationalism
Empiricism
Kelly Perez
Instructor