Spanish Colonization

2.  Places
 Florida, St. Augustine, New Mexico, Sante Fe, San
Antonio
 People
 Pedro Menendez de Aviles
 Pope
 Junipero Serra
 Vocabulary
 Hacienda, presidio, El Camino Real, Pueblo
Revolt

4.  1535 Spain establishes New Spain
 New Spain stretched from South America to
Mexico
 Decided to expand into Florida
 French already occupying
 Goal, find French, ATTACK!
 Pedro Menendez de Aviles
 In a series of bloody battles Spain defeated the
French and took control of Florida

6.  Spain continued moving into the United States
 1598 established New Mexico
 1610 Sante Fe founded and named capital of
New Mexico
 Pueblo, Apache, and Navajo had been living
here for CENTURIES! Now Spain was
claiming it
 Spain hoped to find Gold and Silver here but
did not

7.  To hot and dry for many kinds of farming
 However good for cattle and sheep ranching
 Formed large Haciendas; or LARGE ESTATES
 Haciendas were self sufficient that included:
 Vegetable gardens
 Workshops
 Mills
 Workers were mostly Native American

8.  Religious leaders began building missions
 To convert Native Americans to Christianity
 To protect these missions
 Built presidios; military forts
 Wanted to connect New Mexico to Mexico City
 They built El Camino Real “the Royal Road”
 Used to carry goods between Mexico City and Sante Fe

9.  Pueblo Native Americans
being enslaved by the
Spanish
 Sending some to Mexico
to work
 Forcing others to work on
missions and ranches
 Spanish settlers were
taken over Pueblo land
and villages
 Spanish leaders trying to
force Pueblos to give up
their traditions and
religion
 In 1680 Pope led a revolt
 The Pueblos attacked
settlements all over New
Mexico
 They killed hundreds of
settlers
 Pueblos were joined by
Apache and Navajo
 Pope and his men
surrounded Sante Fe
 Juan another Pueblo
leader rode into the city
with two crosses, one
white and one red.

10.  Spanish governor asked Juan to explain the
two crosses
 He explained to him, “If you choose white
there will be no war but you must all leave the
country. If you choose the red, you must all
die, for we are many and you are few.”
 The Spanish refused to leave….
 In fierce fighting this became known as the Pueblo
Revolt
 THE SPANISH WERE DRIVEN OUT OF NEW
MEXICO

11.  The Spanish return
 Pueblo died in 1690
 Groups in the region were no longer as united either
 Spanish recaptured New Mexico in 1692
 Spanish settlers and missionaries were
reestablished in the region
 Expanded into Arizona and Texas
 San Antonio, TX was founded in 1718
 Spain was still concerned about French and Native
Americans and did not want to be driven out

12.  New Mexico
 Did the geography and climate
affect the economic activities of
the settlers?
 Florida
 Why did Spain want to build a
colony here?

13. 1. Make a timeline of important events that
happened
2. Make a poster about Spanish colonization
3. Make a flip book about Spanish colonization