1. Lesson 7.2 Appendicular skeleton
Consist of the bones of the upper
and lower limbs and their girdles
Girdles – bones where the limbs
attach to the body
There are two girdles:
Pectoral
Pelvic

2. BONES OF THE Upper LIMBS AND
Pect0ral GIRDLE
Pectoral girdle – where the
upper limbs attach
Includes the:
1) Clavicle (collar bone)
Which attaches to the top of
the sternum.

3. Clavicle

4. BONES OF THE Upper LIMB AND Pect0ral GIRDLE
Pectoral girdle – where the upper limbs attach
Includes the:
1) AND
Clavicle (collar bone)
2) Scapula (shoulder blade)
attaches to axis by ligaments
and muscles which allows the
shoulder joint to have the
largest range of motion.
braced by the clavicle

5. Scapula

6. Bones of upper Appendage
1. Humerus - largest bone of arm
and attaches to the scapula at the
shoulder joint
Humerus

7. Bones of upper Appendage
1. Humerus
2. Ulna
 one of two bones of the
forearm
 bone on the side that has the
pinkie (little finger) (UP)
 attached to humerus by a
hinge joint

8. Ulna

9. Bones of upper Appendage
1. Humerus
2. Ulna
3. Radius
Second bone of the forearm
On the same side as the thumb
Rotates around the ulna to twist
the forearm

10. Radius

11. Bones of the Hand

12. Wrist
1) Carpals – 8 bones that make
up the wrist
• The articulations of the carpal
bones allow the wrist to bend
and twist. Pretty good range of
motion.

13. Carpels
Bones of the Hand

14. Wrist
(1)Carpals
(2) Metacarpals - branch
out from the carpals
composing the main part
of the hand.

15. Metacarpels
Carpels
Bones of the Hand

16. Wrist
(1) Carpals
(2) Metacarpals
(3) Phalanges
14 of these
form the fingers and
thumbs
Fingers have three
phalanges
Thumb has only two
phalanges

17. Phalanges
Metacarpels
Carpels
Bones of the Hand

18. BONES OF THE LOWER LIMB
AND PELVIC GIRDLE

19. BONES OF THE LOWER LIMB AND PELVIC GIRDLE
Pelvic Girdle – where the lower
limbs attach to the axial skeleton.
The 2 large pelvic bones that
attach to the sacrum (vertebral
column) make up the pelvic girdle.

20. Pelvic
bone

21. Bones of the lower limb (appendage):
Femur
 attaches to the pelvic girdle at
the hip
largest and strongest bone of
the body
the upper leg

22. Femur

23. Bones of the lower limb (appendage):
Femur
Bones of the lower leg:
Two bones make up the lower leg:
1) Tibia
olarger of two
oextends from knee joint to
the ankle joint

24. Tibia

25. Bones of the lower limb (appendage):
Femur
Bones of the lower leg:
Two bones make up the lower leg:
1) Tibia
2)Fibula
Thinner than tibia
Tell a little fib
Attaches to the tibia
Does not rotate like the
radius of arm

26. Fibula

27. Bones of the lower limb (appendage):
Femur
Bones of the lower leg:
Two bones make up the lower leg:
1) Tibia
2) Fibula
Patella – knee cap
•found in front of the knee
•brace for tendons that
straighten leg
•shields the knee joint from
injury

28. Bones of the Foot

29. Bones of the foot:
1) Tarsals
7 tarsal bones make up the
ankle
Allows foot to rotate
Talus is largest of tarsal
bones – attaches directly to
tibia and fibula

30. Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

31. Bones of the foot:
1) Tarsals
2) Calcaneus – heel bone
calcaneus

32. Bones of the foot:
1) Tarsals
2) Calcaneus
3) Metatarsals
•in front of tarsals
•five of them
•make framework of
instep and ball of foot
•arranged in curved
arches

33. Metatarsals
Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

34. Bones of the foot:
1) Tarsals
2) Clcaneus
3) Metatarsals
4) Phalanges
attach to metatarsals
five of them
Made of three bones
each except for big toe is
only 2 like in hands

35. Phalanges
Metatarsals
Tarsals
Bones of the Foot

36. THE FOOT IS A MIRACULOUS
DESIGN:
supports the body on a
small arches allowing it
to move and be
balanced!!!!!