2. NATURAL ATMOSPHERICNATURAL ATMOSPHERIC
CLEANING PROCESSCLEANING PROCESS
DISPERSION –DISPERSION – REDUCES THEREDUCES THE
CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS IN ANYCONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS IN ANY
ONE PLACE.ONE PLACE.
GRAVITATIONAL SETTELINGGRAVITATIONAL SETTELING
FLOCCULATION AND AGGLOMERATIONFLOCCULATION AND AGGLOMERATION
ABSORPTIONABSORPTION
ADSORPTIONADSORPTION
PHOTOSYNTHESISPHOTOSYNTHESIS
3. AIR POLLUTION CONTROLAIR POLLUTION CONTROL
STRATEGIESSTRATEGIES
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENTAIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT
STRATEGYSTRATEGY
EMISSION CONTROL STRATEGYEMISSION CONTROL STRATEGY
FINANCIAL INCENTIVE STRATEGYFINANCIAL INCENTIVE STRATEGY
COST BENEFIT STRATEGYCOST BENEFIT STRATEGY
4. ENGINEERING CONTROLENGINEERING CONTROL
CONCEPTSCONCEPTS
CHANGE OR MODIFY THE DESIGN OFCHANGE OR MODIFY THE DESIGN OF
THE WHOLE OR PART OF THE PROCESSTHE WHOLE OR PART OF THE PROCESS
CHANGE OR MODIFY THE OPERATINGCHANGE OR MODIFY THE OPERATING
CONDITION OF THE PROCESSCONDITION OF THE PROCESS
CHANGE OF RAW MATERIALCHANGE OF RAW MATERIAL
AND FUELAND FUEL
INSTALL APPROPRIATE POLLUTIONINSTALL APPROPRIATE POLLUTION
REMOVAL DEVICES OR SYATEMREMOVAL DEVICES OR SYATEM
5. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
POLLUTANTS CONTROL DEVICES/SYSTEM
PARTICULATE
MATTERS
•GRAVITY SETTLER
•CYCLONE SEPARATOR
•ELECTROSTATIC
SEPERATOR
•SURFACE FILTER
•DEPTH FILTERS
•SCRUBBER
6. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
A. GRAVITY SETTLER
- A LONG CHAMBER THROUGH WHICH
CONTAMINATED GAS PASSES SLOWLY AND
THE PARTICLES ARE SETTLED AT THE BOTTOM
BY GRAVITY
7. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
B. CYCLONE
SEPARATOR
- THE GAS ENTER SIPRALS
AROUND THE OUTER PART
OF CYLINDRICAL BODY
- IN THE SPIRAL , SOLID
PARTICLES ARE DRIVEN TO
THE WALL AND ATTACH TO
EACH OTHER, FORMING
AGGLOMERATES.
- THE LARGER AGGLOMERATE
SLIDES DOWN AND IS
COLLECTED.
8. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
C . ELECTROSTATIC
SEPARATOR
- FOR PARTICLES BELOW 5
MICROMETER
- PARTICLES GET CHARGED
AND ATTRACTED TO THE
WALL ELECTROSTATICALLY
- THE PARTICLES
AGGLOMERATE AND IA
COLLECTED.
9. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
D . SURFACE FILTERS
- CAN BE A PIECE OF CLOTH,
WIRE MESH OR FILTER PAPER
WITH HOLES SMALLER THAN
THE DIMENSION OF
PARTICLES TO BE RETAINED
- THE PARTICLES COLLECT IN
THE FORM OF DUST ON THE
SURFACE
- FOR INDUSTRIAL, THE GAS
FILTER IS GENERALLY CALL
BAG HOUSE.
10. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
E . DEPTH FILTER
- THE MECHANISM OR
OPERATION IS LIKE A
CIGARETTE FILTER
F . SCRUBBER
- THE DIRTY GAS IS WETTED
WITH A WETTING LIQUID
AND THE PARTICLES BECOME
HEAVY AND CAN BE
REMOVED.
11. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
POLLUTANTS CONTROL DEVICES/SYSTEM
SULPHUR OXIDES • GAS ABSORPTION AND
STRIPPING
•SODA SCRUBBING
•OTHER ALTERNATIVES
12. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
POLLUTANTS CONTROL DEVICES/SYSTEM
NITROGEN
OXIDES
• LOW NOX COMBUSTION
TECHNOLOGY
•DENITRIFICATION
TECHNOLOGY
ACID GASES • WET SCRUBBING
13. CONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEMCONTROL DEVICES & SYSTEM
POLLUTANTS CONTROL DEVICES/SYSTEM
TOXIC GASES • THERMAL COMBUSTION
• CATALYST AND SELECT
REAGENTS.
• ADSORPTION
•ABSORPTION
ODOUR • MODIFICATION OF PROCESS
•ADSORPTION
•COMBUSTION
•ODOUR MASKING
•INJECTING SUBSTANCES
14. MOBILE SOURCE CONTROLMOBILE SOURCE CONTROL
- CAN BE CONTROLLED THROUGH VARIOUS
METHOD.
- THE MAIN METHOD USED CATALYTIC
CONVERTERS.
- REDUCE POLLUTION FROM MOBILE
SOURCE ARE BY
a. DESIGNING ENVIRONMENTAL
b. FRIENDLY VEHICLES
c. USING LESS POLLUTING FUEL SUCH LPG
AND FUEL TECHNOLOGY
15. MONITORING AIR POLLUTIONMONITORING AIR POLLUTION
OBJECTIVE
a.TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE
WITH ENVIROMENTAL
REGULATIONS
b.AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL
FOR POLLUTION STRATEGY
c.FOR RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
16. MONITORING AIR POLLUTIONMONITORING AIR POLLUTION
AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING
a.TYPES
OF
SAMPLING
a. EXTRACTIVE METHOD
b. IN-SITU MONITORING
c. REMOTE SENSING
17. MONITORING AIR POLLUTIONMONITORING AIR POLLUTION
AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING
b. AMBIENT
MONITORING OF
PARTICULATE
MATTER
- AIRBORNE PARTICULES ARE
COMMONLY COLLECTED USING A
20 CM BY 25CM RECTANGULAR
SHEET OF GLASS FIBER FILTER
MEDIA HELD ONTO A SUPPORT
SCREEN AND CONNECTED TO A
HIGH VOLUME VACCUM PUMP
FOR DRAWING SAMPLES
- FOR PARTICLES BELOW 10
MICROMETER, THE PM 10
SAMPLER IS USED TO COLLECT
FINE PARTICLES.
18. MONITORING AIR POLLUTIONMONITORING AIR POLLUTION
AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING
b. AMBIENT
MONITORING OF
GASEOU
POLLUTANTS
- ABSORPTION TRAIN
- IMPREGNATED FILTERS
- DIFFUSION TUBES
- SOLID ADSORBENT TUBE
- GRAB SAMPLING
19. REGULATION RELATED AIRREGULATION RELATED AIR
POLLUTIONPOLLUTION
ENVIROMENTAL
REGULATION IN
MALAYSIA
a. ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY
CLEAN AIR REGULATION
1978
b. ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY
( CONTROL OF LEAD
CONCENTRATION IN
MOTOR GASOLINE
REGULATION 1985
c. ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY
(MOTOR VEHICLE NOISE )
REGULATION 1987
20. REGULATION RELATED AIRREGULATION RELATED AIR
POLLUTIONPOLLUTION
ENVIROMENTAL
REGULATION IN
MALAYSIA
E. ENVIROMENTAL QUALITY
(PROHIBITION ON THE USE
OF
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
& OTHER GASES AS
PROPELANTS & BLOWING
AGENTS ) ORDER 1993