2. DNA Screening
•
Genetic Testing
•
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
•
The information coded in our DNA is used to make proteins
•
Each section of DNA that codes for protein is called a gene.
•
•
The technology we have now as DNA screening, are test
doctors run on you to see if you have series of genes that are
related to certain diseases.
Sections of DNA that scientist can follow throughout cell
division are called DNA markers.
•
When some mark changed they said it was because the DNA was
changing this was related to the cell’s environment.
For example, if someone had
a gene that increased the
chances of getting a certain
disease, if they change the
cell’s environment it could
potentially change the gene
Even cancer treatment can
involve DNA screening
In simple words, DNA
screening looks at someone's
genes and determines if they
may or may not have a
genetic disorder.
3. Benefits and Drawbacks
PROS
•
•
•
•
Diseases would be easier to
handle.
Helpful to identify a missing
relatives, parents or kids.
Can use any parts of your
body for testing. (blood,
saliva, hair etc.)
Helpful for crime
investigations.
CONS
•
•
•
•
•
Expensive.
The Anxiety of living with the
knowledge of having a very
severe disease and it may be
a burden.
Confidentiality has become a
problem.
Innocent people could hold
accountable for a crime they
didn’t do.
Results may take time and
may not be accurate.
4. Social, Political, and Ethical Issues
Social
A huge issue for individuals to encounter because other
people (strangers) may use your DNA information.
Privacy
Wrong
Accusation
Reunite
Depression
Innocent people had been called guilty for a crime
that they didn’t committed.
DNA screening may helped find missing love
one.
The stress an individual may experience form
knowing that he/she have a severe disease.
5. Social, Political, and Ethical Issues
Political
Employers may not be hired because of he/she’s genetic
makeup and think you are not suitable for the job.
Employment
Unfair
Treatment
More jobs
Intruding
Insurance companies can fully deny you or charge
you more because of the disease you have.
More money is going into genetic testing
research which makes more jobs available for it.
Anyone can trace you down by taking your
saliva from your coffee cup etc.
6. Social, Political, and Ethical Issues
Ethical
Decision
making
These test could informed parents if they have a normal
child or not, and if they don’t they could try to alter the
DNA to have a perfect child and assort ones that are not.
Take
advantage
May be used to harm others like to create a crime
or other wrong proposes.
Responsibility
Discrimination
A job interview would consist of a crime sample that is
screened for your genetic makeup-which is essentially
your identity.
Due to “bad” genes.
7. How is the procedure especially as it relates to determining
performed
How DNA screening works can be a bit complex,
human identity.
Process 1
Medical geneticist, primary
care doctor, specialist or
nurse practitioner orders
the test.
Often done as a part of a
genetic consultation.
Process 3
Process 2
The test are performed
on a sample of blood,
hair, saliva or other
tissue.
The sample is sent to a
laboratory where our
scientists use a
technology called
Polymerase Chain
Reaction to create a lot
of copies of the specific
portions of the DNA.
Process 4
Also, to look for specific
changes in chromosomes,
DNA or proteins depending
on the suspected disorder.
8. How is the procedure performed
Process 6
Process 5
The Polymerase Chain
Reaction uses precise
heat and a chemical
cocktail to cause the
DNA to replicate itself.
Once the scientist
have enough
replicated DNA, they
run the samples on a
ABIPRISM 313OXL
Genetic Analyzers,
and determines your
DNA information.
Process 7
The scientist reports
the test results in
writing to the patient’s
doctor or genetic
counselor.
In addition, before a person
has a DNA test, it is
important that he or she
understands the testing
procedure, the benefits and
limitations of the test, and
the possible consequences
of the test results.
9. How does it improve the well-being
of our society
•
The DNA screening can provide
•
Help alleviate the process and
information about diagnosis
treatment, managing, or
the perpetrator of an illegal
prevention of a disease that will
action by examining genetical
be helpful.
•
time of deduction to determine
evidences from the scene.
Individuals to obtain knowledge
•
Also helps minimize the risk of
of his/her own genetic disease or
false accusations and
susceptibility which preventive
deformation of innocent
interventions can be
individuals on atrocity.
anticipated.
•
The satisfactory of
human needs to other
health services will
become a matter of
justice.
10. Province
Percent
Alberta
32,380
10.65%
British Columbia
36,333
11.95%
Manitoba
Canadian data
on the use of
DNA Screening
Total
18,186
5.98%
New Brunswick
3,842
1.26%
Newfoundland and
Labrador
4,446
1.46%
Nova Scotia
7,995
2.63%
Northwest Territories
1,757
0.58%
Nunavut
1,569
0.52%
Ontario
134,114
44.10%
738
0.24%
Quebec
49,297
16.21%
Saskatchewan
12,968
4.26%
495
0.16%
304,120
100.00%
Prince Edward Island
Yukon
Total
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