1. NUTRITION AND
GENOMICS
Present by:
SAJJAD
MORADI
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2. Present by:
Sajjad Moradi-MS Student
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and
Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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3. CONTENTS
Introduction
Nutrigenomics percepts
Nutrigenetics, Nutrigenomics and Nutritional epigenomics
Bioactive food components can influence genetic and epigenetic
events
Problems
Future Potential
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ContentsContents

4. IntroductionIntroduction
INTRODUCTION
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5. What is Nutrigenomics?
 How foods affect the
expression of genetic
information in an individual?
How an individual’s genetic
makeup metabolizes?
 Responds to nutrients and
bioactive.
IntroductionIntroduction
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6. HISTORY
 Nutrient research shifted from
epidemiology to genetics in past decade
– Completion of Human Genome Project
– Realization that there are genetic
 Predispositions to diseases linked to diet:
Cardiovascular disease
Cancers
Diabetes Type II
IntroductionIntroduction
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7. Central concept: provide the critical link
between diet and health
Nutritional influence on the genome and the
genome’s influence on metabolism led to the
concept of nutritional genomics.
The notation that interactions between dietary
factors and genes (or their variants) can promote
health or cause disease is perhaps best captured
by the term “nutrigenomics”
IntroductionIntroduction
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8. IntroductionIntroduction
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9. Genomic analysis reveals that humans are 99.9% identical at the
DNA level.
 This implies that the remaining 0.1% of the human genome (or
about 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is
responsible for all the morphological, physiological, biochemical
and molecular differences
 Common genetic variation in the form of SNPs in enzyme-
encoding genes can affect reaction rates in metabolic pathways
that in turn, can create individual differences in the way we
absorb, metabolize, store, and utilize nutrients.
NutrigenomicsperceptsNutrigenomicspercepts
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UTRIGENOMICS PERCEPTS

10. The initial successes of nutrigenomics have
revealed that indeed the natural variation in the
human genome is responsible for significant
variations in response to diets.
Therefore, the optimal diet for one individual
in a population will not be the same for every
individual in that population.
Just as pharmacogenomics has led to the
development of “personalized drugs,” so will
nutrigenomics open the way for “personalized
nutrition”.
NutrigenomicsperceptsNutrigenomicspercepts
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11. NUTRIGENETICS,
NUTRIGENOMICS AND
NUTRITIONAL EPIGENOMICS
Nutrigenetics,Nutrigenomicsand
epigenomics
Nutrigenetics,Nutrigenomicsand
epigenomics
Nutrigenetics: Genetic variation (SNPs) that can affect
how nutrient and non-nutrient bioactives are assimilated,
partitioned and utilized to impact metabolism and
physiology
Nutrigenomics: Diet-induced changes in gene
expression that can influence network interactions
and cellular information flow
Nutritional epigenomics: Diet-informed epigenetic
modifications of chromatin (DNA methylation and
histone acetylation) that can alter gene function and
long term health outcomes
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12. NUTRITIONAL REGULATION
OF GENE EXPRESSION
 Nutrigenomics includes all genetic factors, including epigenetic
events, as they modulate individual genes and gene networks.
 From the stand-point of nutritional influences on gene
expression, processes are envisioned in which dietary conditions,
through either:
Direct interaction of specific nutrients with transcription factors
or mRNA binding proteins,
 More commonly, through indirect means (e.g., hormones or
signaling systems), produce changes that define phenotypic
expression.
NutritionalRegulationofGeneExpressionNutritionalRegulationofGeneExpression
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13. Dietary Signals
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Essential Vitamins and
Minerals
Phytochemicals (bioactives)
Xenobiotics
Health
Outcomes
Health
Longevity
Pathophysiologies
Antioxidant
s
Enzyme co-
factors
Gene expression
(epigenetics)
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NutritionalRegulationofGeneExpressionNutritionalRegulationofGeneExpression

14. BIOACTIVE FOOD
COMPONENTS CAN
INFLUENCE GENETIC AND
EPIGENETIC EVENTS
BioactiveBioactive
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15. BioactiveBioactive
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16. BioactiveBioactive
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17. BioactiveBioactive
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18. PROBLEMS
Food is highly variable
Effects of food are not immediate
Diseases are usually affected by many genes
Functions of most genes have yet to be determined
Tissue or organ responsible for affect of
nutrient not always known
Funding for research
ProblemsProblems
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19. FUTURE POTENTIAL
FuturePotentialFuturePotential
Form dietary intervention strategies for
individuals in order to prevent diseases
Change the business models for
supplement and food industries
Validate claims for food products
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20. Remember, before there
were
drugs, there was food!
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