1. Nanotechnology
Group
Group 2

2. Nanotechnology….?
• Nanotechnology is engineering at the molecular
(groups of atoms) level
• It is the collective term for a range of
technologies, techniques and processes that
involve the manipulation of matter at the
smallest scale (from 1 to 100 nm 2)
W ith15,342 atoms, this parallel-shaft speed reducer gear is one of
ith
W 15,342 atoms, this parallel-shaft speed reducer gear is one of
the largest nanomechanical devices ever modeled
the largest nanomechanical devices ever modeled

3. Nanotechnology: Size and Scale
100µm
Human Hair
75 µm
Plant and Animal Cells
10µm
0.18µm
Feature Size
Most Bacteria
1µm
100nm
10nm
Lysozyme
Transistor
Virus
Nanotechnology
Proteins
Carbon
Nano-tubes
1nm
0.1nm
Atoms
Cooper, 2001

4. History of nanotechnology
Norio Taniguchi
introduced the term
‘nanotechnology’
In 1959 Richrad Feynman
presented ideas for creating
Nano scale machines
1980s, development in this field was
greatly enhanced with advances in
electron microscopy

5. Approaches in nanotechnology
Top-down Approach
Bottom-up Approach
Creating Nano-scale materials Assembling Nano materials
by physically or chemically
atom-by-atom or molecule-by
breaking down larger materials molecule (self assembling)

6. Aspects of nanotechnology

7. Nano materials
Nano powders - building blocks of nano materials
(particles less than 100 nm in size)
Porous metallic
‘nanocubes’
store large amounts of H2
Nanoparticles of gold for
new catalysts
The scale of
nanopowders
www.cordis.lu/nanotechnology

8. Carbon
nanotubes
computers
and televisions)
Nano membrane
filtration systems
(safe, clean,
(sensors, fuel cells,

9. Molecular electronic
‘cross bar latches’
(tiny Nano devices)
Quantum
dots and
artificial atoms
(small devices that

10. Nanotechnology applications
Medicine
Medicine
Ex. Nano biotechnology
Ex. Nano biotechnology
Electronics and
Electronics and
information
information
technologies
technologies
Energy
Energy
ex. Renewable
ex. Renewable
energy
energy

11. Chemistry and
Chemistry and
Environment
Environment
Military and
Military and
security
security
applications
applications
Consumer goods
Consumer goods

12. Stages of Nanotechnology
Agrifood applicatinos currently in
passive to early “active” stage
Passive
Nanostructures
Coatings,
polymers,ceramic
s
2001
2005
Active
Nanostructures
Transistors
Targeted drugs
Adaptive
structures
2010
Systems of
Nanosystems
Robotics
3D networks
Guided
assemblers
2020
Molecular
Nanosystems
Molecules by
design
Evolutionary
systems

13. Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Animal or
Animal or
Plant Health
Plant Health
Ex: Detect
Ex: Detect
pathogens
pathogens
Plant
production
Ex: Delivery of DNA
to plants
Animal
Production
Ex: Nano tube sensors
to detect hormone
level changes

14. Agrochemical
Ex: Nanoparticles
in pesticides
In food
industry
Convergence
Nano-Geo-(Bio)Info technology
Packaging
Ex: Prevent or
respond to
spoilage
Sensing
Ex: Detect
chemicals or food
borne pathogen
Safety

15. Nanotechnology in SL; At a glance……
2006 - Sri Lanka’s National
Nanotechnology Initiative
(SLNNI)
2008  Establishment of
NANCO (Pvt) Ltd
Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology (Pvt) Ltd. (SLINTEC)
 Merger of NANCO (Pvt) Ltd. and SLINTEC (Pvt) Ltd.
Establishment of
 A world class Nanotechnology Laboratory
 Establishment of a Nanoscience Park

16. Health and environmental impacts
Health risks
Medical application of nanoparticles
 ex: enhance drug delivery
Some nanoparticles —freely mobile
 Negative health and environmental
impacts

17. USA Highest
investor &
patent holder
1
1
c p bj
ere so
t
fon
blg
l ao
y
In 2004
US$ 4
billion
worldwide
From today to
tomorrow…..
Leading
countries
Japan,
Western
Europe
Source: Lux Research 2008

18. References……..
1.
Chen et al.,2007. Manufacturing at the Nanoscale. National
Nanotechnology Initiative Workshop Report. Science and Technology
Council Committee on Technology. National Science Foundation.
Retrieved
March
3,
2012,
from
http://www.nano.gov/NNI-Manufacturing-at-the-Nanoscale.pdf.
2.
Hood, E. 2004. Nanotechnology : Looking as we leap. Environment
Health
Perspect.
Retrieved
March
3,
2012
from
http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.112-9740

19. 3.
National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) US Department of
Agriculture (USDA), 2009. Nanotechnology for Food and Agriculture
Industry. Retrieved March 5, 2012 from
http://www.google.lk/#hl=en&output=search&sclient=psyab&q=Nanotechnology.
4.
Interfaculty Environmental Science Department (IVAM) of the University
of Amsterdam, Special report 3/30, Buying the nano-market. Retrived
March 9 2012, from http://www.google.lk/#hl=en&sclient=psyab&q=Lux+Research.+2008.