สไลด์ประกอบการศึกษาวิชา น.๗๘๖ ครั้งที่ ๒ (๒๔ มิถุนายน ๒๕๕๓)

1. ครั้งที่ ๒
๒๔ มิถุนายน ๒๕๕๓
Thursday, 24 June 2010 1

2. ระบบกฎหมายที่สําคัญของโลก
ระบบกฎหมายสหภาพยุโรป
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3. ระบบกฎหมายที่สําคัญของโลก
Thursday, 24 June 2010 3

4. civil law
common law
religious law
socialist law
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5. an introduction
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6. civil law
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7. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
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8. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
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9. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
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10. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
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11. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
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12. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
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13. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
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14. common law
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15. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
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16. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
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17. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
• evolves through gradual steps
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18. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
• evolves through gradual steps
• interpretation of statutes.
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19. religious law
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20. religious law
• God
• reality
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
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21. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
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22. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
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23. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge • Biblical law
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
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24. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge • Biblical law
• codes of ethics & • Sharia.
morality
• endorsed by the state
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25. legal traditions
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26. legal traditions
• Chthonic legal tradition
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27. legal traditions
• Chthonic legal tradition
• Talmudic legal tradition
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28. legal traditions
• Chthonic legal tradition
• Talmudic legal tradition
• Islamic legal tradition
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29. legal traditions
• Chthonic legal tradition
• Talmudic legal tradition
• Islamic legal tradition
• civil law tradition.
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30. legal pluralism
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31. pluralistic systems
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32. pluralistic systems
• civil law and common law
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33. pluralistic systems
• civil law and common law
• civil law and religious law
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34. pluralistic systems
• civil law and common law
• civil law and religious law
•common law and religious law.
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35. socialist law
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36. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist-
Leninist ideology
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37. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist-
Leninist ideology
• Communist states
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38. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist- • limited private property
Leninist ideology
• limited privacy
• Communist states
• limited intellectual property
• characteristics
• limited human rights
• limited ruling classes
• limited adversary of judicial
• no diversity of political views process.
• superiority of the Communist
Party
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39. anarchy
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40. anarchy
• the absence of state
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41. anarchy
• the absence of state
• common sense?
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42. anarchy
• the absence of state
• common sense?
• freedom?
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43. Wikipedia: legal systems of the world
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Legal_systems_of_the_world>
Factbook list of legal systems
<https://www.cia.gov/library/
publications/the-world-factbook/
fields/2100.html>
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44. ทําไมระบบกฎหมายต่าง ๆ
จึงแตกต่างกัน
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45. ทําไมต้องเข้าใจระบบ
กฎหมายต่าง ๆ
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46. เห็นอะไรจากระบบ
กฎหมายที่แตกต่างกัน
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47. คําถาม?
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48. civil law
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49. • the nature
• the French
• the German
• the Chinese
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50. the nature
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51. the nature
• Roman law
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52. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
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53. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
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54. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21

55. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
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56. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
• changes necessitated by court decisions
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57. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
• changes necessitated by court decisions
• new statutory concepts.
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58. Legislation is
the source of
law.
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59. The four subgroups
• French civil law: France, Belgium, Luxembourg,
Canadian Quebec, US Louisiana, Italy, Spain & their
colonies
• German civil law: Germany, Austria, Switzerland,
Greece, Brazil, Portugal, Turkey, Japan, South Korea
&Taiwan
• Scandinavian civil law: Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Norway & Sweden
• Chinese law: China.
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60. law of France
• judicial law
• civil law (droit civil)
• criminal law (droit pénal)
• administrative law
• administrative law (droit administratif)
• constitutional law (droit constitutionnel).
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61. French case law
• Constitutional Council
• administrative jurisdictions: administrative
courts, Commission des recours des réfugiés,
Commission d'aide sociale, Section disciplinaire
des ordres professionnels, Audit Offices,
Regional Audit Offices, State Council & Court
of jurisdictional issues.
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62. French environmental code
http://195.83.177.9/code/liste.phtml?lang=uk&c=40
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63. law of Germany
• Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
(Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik
Deutschland)
• Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch or BGB):
public law (Öffentliches Recht) & private law
(Privatrecht)
• criminal law (Strafgesetzbuch).
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64. classical Chinese law
• Confucianism ( ): human morality & wrong actions
• Legalism ( ): political philosophy that upholds the rule of law
• China, Japan, Korea,Vietnam, Taiwan & Singapore
• fa ( ): fair, straight & just
• yi ( ): social rightness
• li ( ): order
• li ( ): rites, rules of propriety
• zhi ( ): control
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65. law =
li( )+ li( ) + fa( ) + zhi( )
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66. modern Chinese law
• Republic of China: Constitution, Civil
Code, Code of Civil Procedures, Criminal
Code, Code of Criminal Procedures &
administrative law
• People’s Republic of China: socialist.
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67. rule of law: fǎzhì ( )
• thin theory of rule of law:
• the law is supreme
• all citizens are equal
• thick theory of rule of law:
• + political, social, and economic concept.
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68. Administrative Permission Law
+
Legislative Law
=
better rule of law
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69. Nevertheless,
• National People’s Congress’s
ineffectiveness
• ill-supremacy of the Constitution
• political pressure on the judiciary
• a high level of corruption
• inadequate legal professions.
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70. คําถาม?
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71. common law
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72. Thursday, 24 June 2010 36

73. a common law tradition
the English common law tradition
the classification of English law
case law
the doctrine of judicial precedent
using cases
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74. a common law tradition
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75. the English common law
tradition
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76. the classification of
English law
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77. Thursday, 24 June 2010 40

78. common law v statute law
common law v equity
common law v civil law
matters of fact v matters of law
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79. case law
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80. the doctrine of judicial
precedent
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81. using cases
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82. คําถาม?
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83. socialist law
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84. Thursday, 24 June 2010 46

85. the socialist concept of law
civil law and socialist systems
from the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics to the Russian Federation
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86. the socialist
concept of law
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87. socialist ideology
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88. socialist ideology
Marxism
Leninism
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89. socialist ideology
Marxism
common law
civil law
Leninism
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90. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
imperialistic
civil law
exploitative
Leninism
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91. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
Leninism
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92. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
instrument all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48

93. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
economic policy
bourgeois
common law
instrument all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
social policy
Leninism
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94. ideal socialist society
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95. ideal socialist society
no legal system
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96. ideal socialist society
chaos
no legal system
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97. ideal socialist society
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
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98. ideal socialist society
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
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99. ideal socialist society
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49

100. ideal socialist society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
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101. ideal socialist society
classless society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
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102. ideal socialist society
equality
classless society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
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103. socialist concept of law
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104. socialist concept of law
capitalism
private
ownership
inequality
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105. socialist concept of law
capitalism
private transform
ownership
inequality
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50

106. socialist concept of law
capitalism equality
private transform
common
ownership ownership
inequality
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50

107. socialist concept of law
capitalism equality
private transform
common
ownership ownership
inequality socialist personal
property property
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108. The Communist Party
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109. only
The Communist Party
Thursday, 24 June 2010 51

110. only
The Communist Party
plans
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111. only
The Communist Party
plans governs
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112. civil law and the
socialist systems
Thursday, 24 June 2010 52

113. from
the Union Socialist Republics
to
the Russian Federation
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114. คําถาม?
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115. ระบบกฎหมายสหภาพยุโรป
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116. European Community
European Union
monism & dualism
the institutions
the influence
the nature
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117. European Community
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118. 1957 Treaty of Rome
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119. European Community
1957 Treaty of Rome
Thursday, 24 June 2010 58

120. 1992 Treaty Community
European of of Rome
1957 Treaty Maastricht
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121. 1992 Treaty Community
European of of Rome
1957 Treaty Maastricht
European Union
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122. European Union
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123. the three pillars
European
Union
Thursday, 24 June 2010 60

124. the three pillars
European
Union
European Community
(EC)
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125. the three pillars
European
Union
European Community Common Foreign and
(EC) Security Policy (CFSP)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 60

126. the three pillars
European
Union
Police and Judicial
European Community Common Foreign and
Co-operation
(EC) Security Policy (CFSP)
(PJC)
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127. Thursday, 24 June 2010 61

128. monism & dualism
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129. 1986 Single European Act
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130. the institutions
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131. Council of
Ministers
the institutions
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132. decision-making
Council of
Ministers
the institutions
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133. decision-making
Council of European
Ministers Council
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64

134. decision-making
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
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135. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64

136. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
Parliament
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64

137. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
Parliament
consultative & advisory
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64

138. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
European
Court of
Parliament
Justice
consultative & advisory
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139. the influence
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140. French
the influence
Thursday, 24 June 2010 65

141. administrative law
French
the influence
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142. administrative law
French German
the influence
Thursday, 24 June 2010 65

143. administrative law administrative law
French German
the influence
Thursday, 24 June 2010 65

144. administrative law administrative law
French German
the influence
common
law
Thursday, 24 June 2010 65

145. the nature
Thursday, 24 June 2010 66

146. direct applicability &
direct effect
Thursday, 24 June 2010 67

147. supremacy of
Community law
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148. คําถาม?
Thursday, 24 June 2010 69