7. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
8. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
9. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
10. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
11. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
12. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
13. civil law
• Roman’s Corpus Juris Civilis
• accessible & written collections
• codified statutes (Code of Hammurabi)
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 6
15. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 7
16. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
Thursday, 24 June 2010 7
17. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
• evolves through gradual steps
Thursday, 24 June 2010 7
18. common law
• decisions of courts (case law/precedent)
• complicated binding
• evolves through gradual steps
• interpretation of statutes.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 7
20. religious law
• God
• reality
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 8
21. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 8
22. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 8
23. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge • Biblical law
• codes of ethics &
morality
• endorsed by the state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 8
24. religious law
• God • Hindu law
• reality • Halakha
• knowledge • Biblical law
• codes of ethics & • Sharia.
morality
• endorsed by the state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 8
36. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist-
Leninist ideology
Thursday, 24 June 2010 12
37. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist-
Leninist ideology
• Communist states
Thursday, 24 June 2010 12
38. socialist law
• civil law system + Marxist- • limited private property
Leninist ideology
• limited privacy
• Communist states
• limited intellectual property
• characteristics
• limited human rights
• limited ruling classes
• limited adversary of judicial
• no diversity of political views process.
• superiority of the Communist
Party
Thursday, 24 June 2010 12
40. anarchy
• the absence of state
Thursday, 24 June 2010 13
41. anarchy
• the absence of state
• common sense?
Thursday, 24 June 2010 13
42. anarchy
• the absence of state
• common sense?
• freedom?
Thursday, 24 June 2010 13
43. Wikipedia: legal systems of the world
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Legal_systems_of_the_world>
Factbook list of legal systems
<https://www.cia.gov/library/
publications/the-world-factbook/
fields/2100.html>
Thursday, 24 June 2010 14
51. the nature
• Roman law
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
52. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
53. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
54. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
55. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
56. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
• changes necessitated by court decisions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
57. the nature
• Roman law
• written into a collection or code
• not determined by judges
• created by legislature:
• new & old statutes
• changes necessitated by court decisions
• new statutory concepts.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 21
58. Legislation is
the source of
law.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 22
59. The four subgroups
• French civil law: France, Belgium, Luxembourg,
Canadian Quebec, US Louisiana, Italy, Spain & their
colonies
• German civil law: Germany, Austria, Switzerland,
Greece, Brazil, Portugal, Turkey, Japan, South Korea
&Taiwan
• Scandinavian civil law: Denmark, Finland, Iceland,
Norway & Sweden
• Chinese law: China.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 23
60. law of France
• judicial law
• civil law (droit civil)
• criminal law (droit pénal)
• administrative law
• administrative law (droit administratif)
• constitutional law (droit constitutionnel).
Thursday, 24 June 2010 24
61. French case law
• Constitutional Council
• administrative jurisdictions: administrative
courts, Commission des recours des réfugiés,
Commission d'aide sociale, Section disciplinaire
des ordres professionnels, Audit Offices,
Regional Audit Offices, State Council & Court
of jurisdictional issues.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 25
62. French environmental code
http://195.83.177.9/code/liste.phtml?lang=uk&c=40
Thursday, 24 June 2010 26
63. law of Germany
• Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany
(Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik
Deutschland)
• Civil Code (Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch or BGB):
public law (Öffentliches Recht) & private law
(Privatrecht)
• criminal law (Strafgesetzbuch).
Thursday, 24 June 2010 27
64. classical Chinese law
• Confucianism ( ): human morality & wrong actions
• Legalism ( ): political philosophy that upholds the rule of law
• China, Japan, Korea,Vietnam, Taiwan & Singapore
• fa ( ): fair, straight & just
• yi ( ): social rightness
• li ( ): order
• li ( ): rites, rules of propriety
• zhi ( ): control
Thursday, 24 June 2010 28
65. law =
li( )+ li( ) + fa( ) + zhi( )
Thursday, 24 June 2010 29
66. modern Chinese law
• Republic of China: Constitution, Civil
Code, Code of Civil Procedures, Criminal
Code, Code of Criminal Procedures &
administrative law
• People’s Republic of China: socialist.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 30
67. rule of law: fǎzhì ( )
• thin theory of rule of law:
• the law is supreme
• all citizens are equal
• thick theory of rule of law:
• + political, social, and economic concept.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 31
69. Nevertheless,
• National People’s Congress’s
ineffectiveness
• ill-supremacy of the Constitution
• political pressure on the judiciary
• a high level of corruption
• inadequate legal professions.
Thursday, 24 June 2010 33
73. a common law tradition
the English common law tradition
the classification of English law
case law
the doctrine of judicial precedent
using cases
Thursday, 24 June 2010 36
74. a common law tradition
Thursday, 24 June 2010 37
85. the socialist concept of law
civil law and socialist systems
from the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics to the Russian Federation
Thursday, 24 June 2010 46
86. the socialist
concept of law
Thursday, 24 June 2010 47
89. socialist ideology
Marxism
common law
civil law
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48
90. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
imperialistic
civil law
exploitative
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48
91. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48
92. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
bourgeois
common law
instrument all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48
93. socialist ideology
Marxism
capitalist
economic policy
bourgeois
common law
instrument all law civil law
imperialistic
exploitative
social policy
Leninism
Thursday, 24 June 2010 48
97. ideal socialist society
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
98. ideal socialist society
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
99. ideal socialist society
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
100. ideal socialist society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
101. ideal socialist society
classless society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
102. ideal socialist society
equality
classless society
socialism
capitalism
medieval feudalism
slave-owning society
chaos
no legal system
Thursday, 24 June 2010 49
104. socialist concept of law
capitalism
private
ownership
inequality
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50
105. socialist concept of law
capitalism
private transform
ownership
inequality
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50
106. socialist concept of law
capitalism equality
private transform
common
ownership ownership
inequality
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50
107. socialist concept of law
capitalism equality
private transform
common
ownership ownership
inequality socialist personal
property property
Thursday, 24 June 2010 50
124. the three pillars
European
Union
European Community
(EC)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 60
125. the three pillars
European
Union
European Community Common Foreign and
(EC) Security Policy (CFSP)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 60
126. the three pillars
European
Union
Police and Judicial
European Community Common Foreign and
Co-operation
(EC) Security Policy (CFSP)
(PJC)
Thursday, 24 June 2010 60
131. Council of
Ministers
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
132. decision-making
Council of
Ministers
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
133. decision-making
Council of European
Ministers Council
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
134. decision-making
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
135. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
136. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
Parliament
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
137. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
Parliament
consultative & advisory
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64
138. decision-making decision implementing
Council of European European
Ministers Council Commission
the institutions
European
European
Court of
Parliament
Justice
consultative & advisory
Thursday, 24 June 2010 64