The document discusses trends and implications in learning in a digital world. It covers topics like digital transformation, microlearning, informal learning, video-based learning, games and gamification, personal learning environments, and emerging topics like immersive learning environments, AI/bots, analytics, and adaptive learning systems. Digital transformation is changing how companies create value and compete through new digital technologies. Microlearning focuses on short, focused learning experiences. Informal learning is a significant part of the 70:20:10 model for learning. Video is increasingly popular for learning due to its production ease and learner appeal. Games and gamification can motivate learners when properly designed. Emerging topics may further transform learning.

1. Learning in a digital World:
trends and implications for Learning Professionals
Friedrichshafen, 02.05.2017
Dr. Christoph Meier

2. What is scil? What are we doing?
• Business Model
• Strategy & Portfolio
• Learning Culture & Change
• Learning Design
• Professional Development
• Quality & Value
04.05.2017 © scil 2
Learning
InnovationManagement
Digital Transformation
In Learning & Development

3. "Digital transformation can be understood as an organizational change process
where digital technologies (such as big data analytics, sensor networks, cloud
services) are used to radically change
(1) how a company creates value,
(2) how it interacts with its customers and business partners, and
(3) how it competes in established and emerging markets."
(Krcmar 2015)
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Image source: https://www.unbelievable-machine.com/blog/aktuelles-zur-wirtschaftslage-und-zum-stand-der-industrie-4-0/
What is digital transformation?

4. • Processes
• Learning management (systems)
• Talent management
• Training marketing
• User / usage orientation
• Mobile learning
• Video-based learning
• Immersive learning environments
• Smart products & services
• Intelligent tutorial systems
• Bots for learning
• Linkedin Learning etc.
Digital: Dimensions & examples
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User / usage
orientation
Processes
Smart products
& services

5. 04.05.2017 © scil 5
Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon
TRENDS IN (CORPORATE) LEARNING

6. 04.05.2017 © scil 6
Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

7. Microlearning defined
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"To me, microlearning has to be a small but complete learning experience."
Watching a how-to video or looking up information in a checklist is NOT
learning, it is performance support (a good thing in itself).
Learning includes
• the presentation / discussion of concepts and examples as well as
• practice and
• feedback on practice.
Clark Quinn, http://blog.learnlets.com/2015/04/defining-microlearning/

8. Example: microlearning @ Prudential
Source: M. Curry (2016): Redefining L&D: Microlearning & social learning at Prudential. ATD Conference 2016

9. Example: microlearning with mini-simulations to
augment classroom learning
Context
• Training for medical specialists
Elements
• 3 hr. classroom session
• Video cases
• MC-questions – participants playing
role of physician
• Use of audience response
technology
• Push of micro learning objects
• 1 object every two weeks
• For 3 weeks
• Short simulations (branching
scenarios)
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Source: http://www.subscriptionlearning.com/2014/03/micro-learning-simulation-cases-to-augment-classroom-learning.html

10. Microlearning activities: orchestration & use
Watch
"how-to"-video
Read
case study
Memorize
with study cards
Based on: Jochen Robes (2009): Microlearning & Microtraining. In: Wilbers (Hrsg.) Handbuch E-Learning, S. 14.
Post & answer
questions on a forum
Take
quizz
Consult
checklist
Consult
FAQ /
help page
Participate in
'lunch & learn'
Listen to
podcast
Read
blogpost

11. Beginner Competent Experienced Expert
Microlearning activities: where does it fit?
Read
blogpost
Listen to
podcast Watch
"how-to"-video
Read
case study
Memorize
with study cards
"Give me orientation
& show me how"
"Help me
do better"
"Help me find
relevant
resources"
"I will come up
with my own
solution"
Based on: Jochen Robes (2009): Microlearning & Microtraining. In: Wilbers (Hrsg.) Handbuch E-Learning, S. 14.
Post & answer
questions on a forum
Take
quizz
Consult
checklist
Consult
FAQ /
help page
Participate in
'lunch & learn'
Sweet spot for microlearning

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Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

13. Video-based learning
Why is video popular?
• Increasing ease of production
• Attractive for learners
• Relevance
o activities & procedures
o different perspectives
o authenticity & emotion
Quality
• Sound & image; fit; tempo; etc.
"Illusion of knowing"
Interactivity
• Macro-level (chapters, links, etc.)
• Micro-level (start, stop, slow, etc.)
Personalization
• No instructor / Instructor only /
Instructor + content
Prerequisites for success
• Why this video?
• What is my task?
• Routines for interacting with video
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Further reading:
https://www.scil-
blog.ch/tel/2016/01/13/lernen-
mit-video/
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2577882
Demonstration Statement &
feedback
Authentic report Explanation
https://elearningindustry.com/free-ebooks/video-based-learning-
learning-videos-charting-evolution-success-growing-popularity
Course welcome
Icebreaker
Material for
group discussion
Mini-lecture Mini-assignment

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Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

15. Serious Games vs Gamification
04.05.2017 Dr. Christoph Meier 15
Serious game Gamification
(Digital) Games that induce learning Enrichment of learning environments
with game elements
Experience and cope with challenges
while playing an adventure game on
project management
Collaboratively develop mobile apps
while competing with different teams

16. Gamification vs. systematic design for motivation
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Experience of competency Experience of autonomy Experience of relatedness
(social integration)
How to support this?
• Self tests
• Feedback
• Recognition of achievement
• Clearly formulated &
realistic goals
• Options to select from
• Reduced external control
• Subjectively relevant
activities / tasks
• Opportunities for
collaborating
• Shared goals
• Encouragement of
collaboration
Relevant design elements
• Quizzes & quests
• Points
• Badges
• Leaderboards
• Performance graphs
• Different tasks & options
• Narrative frames
(stories, roles, characters)
• Team assignments
• Team scores / rankings
• Links to blogs & social
netzworks
Quelle:Seufertetal.(2016):VonGamificationzumsystematischenMotivationsdesign.scilArbeitsbericht26.

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Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

18. 70:20:10
…
04.05.2017 © scil 18

19. Informal learning: a landscape
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Courses / curricula / certifications / compliance training
Use of knowledge databases
Management by objectives
& annual review
Development plan
eLearning / WBT
Conferences
Stretch assignments
Coaching
Informal conversations
& informal meetings
Wikis, weblogs, communities
Books, journals
(online & print)
Bar camps & jams
(Project) Review meetings
Job rotation &
secondments
Team meetings &
After Action Reviews
Podcasts / webcasts Conversations
manager – employee
Formal learning
Informal learning
Driven by
leader /
manager
Self
directed
Individual development
planning
Mentoring
Team lunch
Exchanges via
Social Media platform
Based on: Seufert et al. 2013: Informelles Lernen als Führungsaufgabe. http://www.scil.unisg.ch/de/scil+vortraege+publikationen/arbeitsberichte

20. 70:20:10
…
as
wishful
thinking?
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Sources: http://charles-jennings.blogspot.ch/2013/06/702010-framework-for-high-performance.html
Scot / Ferguson (2016): New Perspectives on 70:20:10. Goodpractice.com Whitepaper.
A. Koch (2015): Das 70-20-10 Wunschdenken. Wirtschaft und Weiterbildung, Mai 2015.
20% 30% 30% 20%
Agile learners,
open to change,
highly developed
learning
competences
Can easily be
developed to become
agile learners
Can be developed to
agile learners with
considerable effort
Learning = a big
challenge; little
potential for being
agile learners

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Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

22. Next Generation Digital Learning Environment
• Interoperability & Integration
o all types of content
o additional tools (e.g. apps)
o data exchange
o standards
• Personalization
o configuration of learning environment
o adaptive learning
• Analytics and Assesment
o learning analytics
o integrated planning & advising
• Collaboration
o public AND private
• Accessibility and Universal Design
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Sources:
https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/eli3035.pdf
https://er.educause.edu/articles/2006/1/managing-courses-defining-learning-what-
faculty-students-and-administrators-want

23. My personal learning & productivity environment
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Learning
Trans-
formation
Productivity

24. 04.05.2017 © scil 24
Micro-
learning
Informal learning
Video-based
learning
Games &
gamification
Personal
learning
environments
Topics on the
horizon

25. Immersive Learning
Environments
(360° video, AR, VR)
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Sources:
https://blogs.edgehill.ac.uk/learningedge/2017/01/22/360-degrees-of-learning-potential/
https://www.emaze.com/@AFCOCOCR/Augmented-Reality
http://www.social-augmented-learning.de

26. AI and bots for learning
Script bots Smart bots
Static agents:
trigger + scripted action
Dynamic agents:
Google Voice, Alexa, duolingo
bots, etc.
Moodle Mail Bot :
sends mail to activate course
participant if s/he has been
inactive for 10 days
Duolingo conversational language
learning chat bot
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Sources:
http://www.onlinebynature.com/2017/03/vortrag-bots-in-der-lehre-an-der-rwth-aachen/
http://botnerds.com/types-of-bots/ ; http://www.duolingo.com

27. Big Data &
Learning Analytics
Levels & issues Examples
Description
What is going on?
Which course participants are (not) active?
Where do logistics associates not follow proper procedures?
Diagnosis
How / why is this happening?
What is the "career" of a course dropout?
What is the "career" of a health incident?
Prediction
What is going to happen?
Which students are at risk of dropping out?
Which logictics associates are at risk of being involved in health
incidents?
Prescription
What needs to be done?
What can we do to activate / motivate students at risk & prevent their
dropping out?
What can we do to mitigate health incidents?
Image source: Ellen Wagner
http://www.elearningguild.com/summits/sessions/sess
ion-details.cfm?session=7678;
September 21, 2016

28. Personalised learning: adaptive tutorial systems
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Source:www.knewton.com;Wilson/Nichols2015,S.6
• Information on content & concepts
• Data on knowledge / performance
• Projections on time required
• Personalized recommendations

29. Adaptive
tutorial
systems:
an industry
case
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Quelle:http://area9learning.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Hitachi-Data-Systems.pdf
Context:
• Produkt training
for 7'000+
employees and
~25'000 customer
employees
• ~500 courses /
learning resources
on products
• Introduction of
platform for
adaptive learning
• ~8'000 users of
learning app in
2015

30. Datatecture: Deloitte Corporate University, Deloitte Greenhouse & IBM ThinkLab
Imagesources:
http://www.allisonrossett.com/2012/04/30/deloitte-university-what-were-they-thinking/;
http://www2.deloitte.com/it/it/pages/about-deloitte/articles/greenhouse-case-study-united-kingdom.html
http://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/operations/solutions/leadership-center-for-clients.html

31. ATD competency model
(2013) &
TPCK-model
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Source:https://www.td.org/Certification/Competency-Model
Content Pedagogy
Technology

32. More on scil
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Webpages www.scil.ch
Weblog www.scil-blog.ch
Presentations www.slideshare.net/scil-info

33. How to be in touch
Dr. Christoph Meier
Director
Tel.: +41 71 224 75 95
Mail: christoph.meier@unisg.ch
swiss competence centre for innovations in learning (scil)
Institute for Business Education & Educational Management
University of St.Gallen (HSG)
Dufourstrasse 40a
CH-9000 St.Gallen
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