1. FRONTIERS IN DENDROCHRONOLOGY
Photograph: Nestor Jarquin

2. 755 m 3/s
847 m 3/s
809 m 3/s
770 m 3/s
823 m 3/s
787 m 3/s
901 m 3/s

3. empirical comparisons

4. Ring-width
index

6. THE
DIVERGENCE
PROBLEM

7. “ [L]inear empirical–statistical analyses alone cannot be used
to prove a physical or biological mechanism for variability or
”
change in the climate-tree growth relationship.
Anchukaitis et al., Geophysical Research Le ers, 2007

8. Vaganov et al., In Dendroclimatology, 2010

9. Vaganov-Shashkin model of tree-ring formation
Gr(t) = g E (t) • min[g T (t), g W (t)]
Total Solar radiation Temperature Water balance
growth rate growth rate growth rate growth rate

10. Upper Sapawe Region Northwestern Ontario

11. Tracking changes in limiting factor through the growing season

12. Tracking changes in limiting factor through the growing season

13. Tracking changes in limiting factor through the growing season

14. Tracking changes in limiting factor through the growing season

15. Photograph: Conrad Bakker

16. Observed and simulated tree ring-width in southern Russia
Source: Evans et al., Journal of Geophysical Research, 2006

17. Anchukaitis et al., Geophysical Research Le ers, 2007

18. empirical comparisons

19. “ This [modeling approach] would represent a significant
step toward validating and improving statistically based
but ultimately subjective data standardization techniques
”
and identifying decadal climate variability reliably.
Evans et al., Journal of Geophysical Research, 2006

20. There are relatively few long high-resolution
terrestrial proxies from the tropics

22. nispiro (Sapotaceae)
Monteverde, Costa Rica
eastern white pine (Pinaceae)
Deep Gap, North Carolina
Photograph: Kevin Anchukaitis

23. Photograph: Abdalla Mohamed Abdi

24. “
[Establish] a strategy to develop chronometric estimates in
tropical trees lacking demonstrably annual ring structure, using
”
high resolution stable isotopic measurements in tropical woods.
Evans and Schrag 2004, GCA, 68, 16

26. O 16
O 18

27. Stable isotopes of oxygen
O 18
0.2%
O 17
0.04%
O 16
99.76%

28. δO18 in precipitation
Li le O18
Lots of O18
Source: Bowen and Wilkinson, Geology, 2002

29. Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica
Source: Kevin Anchukaitis

30. Source: Kevin Anchukaitis

31. Photograph: Denise Jesudason
Cloud forest Monteverde, Costa Rica

32. -5‰ -1 ‰
δO
“more negative” 18 “more positive” δO 18
= “light” = “heavy”
= “depleted” = “enriched”

33. PINE NEEDLE
leaf stomata

34. PINE NEEDLE
leaf stomata

35. LEAF CROSS-SECTION
abundant water

36. CO2
CO2
LEAF CROSS-SECTION
abundant water

37. CO2
CO2
H2O H2O
LEAF CROSS-SECTION
abundant water

38. LEAF CROSS-SECTION
water shortage

39. CO2 CO2 CO2
CO2 CO2 CO2
CO2 CO2
H2O H2O
H2O H2O
H2O
LEAF CROSS-SECTION
water shortage

40. Source: Kevin Anchukaitis

41. Photograph: Kevin Anchukaitis

42. nispiro (Sapotaceae)
Monteverde, Costa Rica
eastern white pine (Pinaceae)
Deep Gap, North Carolina
Photograph: Kevin Anchukaitis

43. Photograph: Todd Vanderlin

47. Source: Anchukaitis et al., Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008

48. Source: Anchukaitis et al., Journal of Geophysical Research, 2008

49. 3 TREES
16 YEARS
1200
δ018 MEASUREMENTS

51. FINAL EXAM
May 10 @ 4PM
105 Blegen

52. Photograph: Nevada Tourism Media Relations

55. Reconstructed annual flow of the Colorado River at Lees Ferry
[Meko and Woodhouse, 2010]

56. Fire-scar chronologies in the Gila WIlderness, New Mexico
[Swetnam and Brown, 2010]

57. INTRODUCTION TO DENDROCHRONOLOGY

59. 52

61. Photograph: Joe Mabel

62. Photograph: daveynin

63. Tree-ring display at elementary school
Photograph:Tom Swetnam

65. Ed Cook Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

67. “
Tree-ring analysis is one of the most powerful tools available for
the study of environmental change and the identification of
”
fundamental relationships between tree growth and climate.
Cook and Pederson, 2010

68. DENDROCHRONOLOGY
IS
MUCH MORE
THAN JUST
COUNTING TREE RINGS.