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Reversing & malware analysis training part 2 introduction to windows internals

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This presentation is part of our Reverse Engineering & Malware Analysis Training program. For more details refer our Security Training page http://securityxploded.com/security-training.php

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Disclaimer The Content, Demonstration, Source Code and Programs presented here is "AS IS" without any warranty or conditions of any kind. Also the views/ideas/knowledge expressed here are solely of the trainer’s only and nothing to do with the company or the organization in which the trainer is currently working. However in no circumstances neither the trainer nor SecurityXploded is responsible for any damage or loss caused due to use or misuse of the information presented here. www.SecurityXploded.com
Acknowledgement  Special thanks to null & Garage4Hackers community for their extended support and cooperation.  Thanks to all the trainers who have devoted their precious time and countless hours to make it happen. www.SecurityXploded.com
Reversing & Malware Analysis Training This presentation is part of our Reverse Engineering & Malware Analysis Training program. Currently it is delivered only during our local meet for FREE of cost. For complete details of this course, visit our Security Training page. www.SecurityXploded.com
Who am I #1 Amit Malik (sometimes DouBle_Zer0,DZZ)  Member SecurityXploded & Garage4Hackers  Security Researcher  RE, Exploit Analysis/Development, Malware Analysis  Email: m.amit30@gmail.com www.SecurityXploded.com
Who am I #2 Swapnil Pathak  Member SecurityXploded  Security Researcher  RE, Malware Analysis, Network Security  Email: swapnilpathak101@gmail.com www.SecurityXploded.com
Windows Architecture www.SecurityXploded.com
Memory Management  Virtual Memory - An invisible layer between a software and physical memory - Every process first get loaded into its virtual memory address space - Small units called “pages” are used to do mapping between physical memory and virtual memory.  Paging - Memory management scheme that stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in main memory - Uses same size blocks called pages - Page table is used to translate virtual addresses in physical memory addresses www.SecurityXploded.com
Memory Management Cont.  User Address Space - Allocated for user mode applications. - All processes execute in their own virtual space. - Use operating system dlls to interact with kernel  Kernel Address Space - Strictly reserved for kernel, device drivers and operating system executive. - No user mode application can directly interact with the kernel. www.SecurityXploded.com
Kernel & User Address Space www.SecurityXploded.com
Process and Thread  Process - Executing instance of an application. - Isolated address space - PEB data structure store information about process - PEB is an user space data structure  Threads - Multiple threads share the same address space in the process. - Each process has at least a single executing thread. - TEB data structure store information about thread www.SecurityXploded.com
PEB (Process Environment Block) An opaque data structure that store information about process in user space www.SecurityXploded.com
PEB Cont. www.SecurityXploded.com
TEB (Thread Environment Block) TEB is a data structure that store information about thread www.SecurityXploded.com
Application Programming Interface  API - Includes functions, classes, data structures and variables - Interface between various software components to communicate with each other. - Windows APIs are used to interact with kernel or other modules.  MSDN - Provides documentation for various API functions.  System Dlls - ntdll.dll, kernel32.dll, user32.dll, advapi32.dll, hal.dll etc www.SecurityXploded.com
System Service Dispatching www.SecurityXploded.com
System Service Dispatching Cont. www.SecurityXploded.com
Important API  File and Directories - CreateFile, GetSystemDirectory, ReadFile, WriteFile etc  Network - socket, send, recv, URLDownloadToFile etc  Registry - RegOpenKey, RegSetValue, RegQueryValue etc www.SecurityXploded.com
Important API Cont.  Processes, Threads, Synchronization using mutex, semaphore. - CreateProcess, ReadProcessMemory, WriteProcessMemory,CreateRemoteThread, CreateMutex etc  Memory - VirtualAlloc, VirtualProtect ,HeapAlloc, LocalAlloc etc www.SecurityXploded.com
Reference  Complete Reference Guide for Reversing & Malware Analysis Training www.SecurityXploded.com
Thank You ! http://SecurityXploded.com

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Reversing & malware analysis training part 2 introduction to windows internals

  • 2. Disclaimer The Content, Demonstration, Source Code and Programs presented here is "AS IS" without any warranty or conditions of any kind. Also the views/ideas/knowledge expressed here are solely of the trainer’s only and nothing to do with the company or the organization in which the trainer is currently working. However in no circumstances neither the trainer nor SecurityXploded is responsible for any damage or loss caused due to use or misuse of the information presented here. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 3. Acknowledgement  Special thanks to null & Garage4Hackers community for their extended support and cooperation.  Thanks to all the trainers who have devoted their precious time and countless hours to make it happen. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 4. Reversing & Malware Analysis Training This presentation is part of our Reverse Engineering & Malware Analysis Training program. Currently it is delivered only during our local meet for FREE of cost. For complete details of this course, visit our Security Training page. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 5. Who am I #1 Amit Malik (sometimes DouBle_Zer0,DZZ)  Member SecurityXploded & Garage4Hackers  Security Researcher  RE, Exploit Analysis/Development, Malware Analysis  Email: m.amit30@gmail.com www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 6. Who am I #2 Swapnil Pathak  Member SecurityXploded  Security Researcher  RE, Malware Analysis, Network Security  Email: swapnilpathak101@gmail.com www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 7. Windows Architecture www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 8. Memory Management  Virtual Memory - An invisible layer between a software and physical memory - Every process first get loaded into its virtual memory address space - Small units called “pages” are used to do mapping between physical memory and virtual memory.  Paging - Memory management scheme that stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in main memory - Uses same size blocks called pages - Page table is used to translate virtual addresses in physical memory addresses www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 9. Memory Management Cont.  User Address Space - Allocated for user mode applications. - All processes execute in their own virtual space. - Use operating system dlls to interact with kernel  Kernel Address Space - Strictly reserved for kernel, device drivers and operating system executive. - No user mode application can directly interact with the kernel. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 10. Kernel & User Address Space www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 11. Process and Thread  Process - Executing instance of an application. - Isolated address space - PEB data structure store information about process - PEB is an user space data structure  Threads - Multiple threads share the same address space in the process. - Each process has at least a single executing thread. - TEB data structure store information about thread www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 12. PEB (Process Environment Block) An opaque data structure that store information about process in user space www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 13. PEB Cont. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 14. TEB (Thread Environment Block) TEB is a data structure that store information about thread www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 15. Application Programming Interface  API - Includes functions, classes, data structures and variables - Interface between various software components to communicate with each other. - Windows APIs are used to interact with kernel or other modules.  MSDN - Provides documentation for various API functions.  System Dlls - ntdll.dll, kernel32.dll, user32.dll, advapi32.dll, hal.dll etc www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 16. System Service Dispatching www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 17. System Service Dispatching Cont. www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 18. Important API  File and Directories - CreateFile, GetSystemDirectory, ReadFile, WriteFile etc  Network - socket, send, recv, URLDownloadToFile etc  Registry - RegOpenKey, RegSetValue, RegQueryValue etc www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 19. Important API Cont.  Processes, Threads, Synchronization using mutex, semaphore. - CreateProcess, ReadProcessMemory, WriteProcessMemory,CreateRemoteThread, CreateMutex etc  Memory - VirtualAlloc, VirtualProtect ,HeapAlloc, LocalAlloc etc www.SecurityXploded.com
  • 20. Reference  Complete Reference Guide for Reversing & Malware Analysis Training www.SecurityXploded.com

Editor's Notes

  1. Picture is taken from : rootkit arsenal
  2. Picture is taken from : RootKit Arsenal (An awesome book)
  3. Picture source: http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/hide-driver/NtCallScheme_small.png