kavithakal

3. PRESENTED BY:
AMMU R .B
ATHULYA. L. THULASI
BHAVANACHANDRAN. L
BUSHARA. N
KAVITHA RAJ. K.S
INDHULEKHA. R. L
RAJI.V
SANDHYA.M
OPTION : NATURAL SCIENCE
BADHIRIYA B.Ed. TRAINING COLLEGE
VELICHIKKALA

4.  UNIT : AS CASKELS JOIN
 TOPIC : PLANT TISSUES

5. PLANT TISSUES
In the anatomy of the plant organs a feature
noticed is the occurrence of similar cells
grouped to perform definite functions. Such a
collection of similar cells destined to carry out a
function is called tissue.
 In a higher plants different organs are vested with
different types of tissues.
 The function of these tissues are the absorption,
conduction, mechanical support secretion etc.

6. Plant tissues are broadly divided into:
 I) Meristematic Tissues
 II) Permanent Tissues

7.  I) MERISTEMATIC TISSUES
Meristematic tissues are those in which new cell
formation is going on and the differentiation is
incomplete

8. II) PERMANENT TISSUES
 When meristematic tissues become fully
differentiated and mature they form permanent
tissues.
 Permanent tissues are included in two categories:
 They are :
 a) Simple tissues
 b) Complex tissues

9. A) Simple Tissues
If a tissue is homogenous ie., if it composes one kind
of cells, it is called simple tissue.
Eg. Parenchyma, Collenchyma and sclerenchyma.
B) Complex Tissues
Complex tissues are those which are constituted by
different type of cells. These cells are different in their
morphology and structure. But all these cells together
perform a common function.
Eg. Xylem and phloem.

10.  SIMPLE TISSUES
 a) PARENCHYMA
 a) It is the most primitive and simplest type of
tissues in lower plants.
 b) The cells are cubical or rectangular in
shape.
 c) The cell wall is thin and made up of
cellulose.
 d) The amount of protoplast is great.

11. e) The cells of parenchayma are living and the
cytoplasm is often reduced to a lining layer towards
the cell wall.
f) The tissues occurs in many parts of the plant. Eg:
Pith, Cortex, mesophyll of leaves, pulp of fruits
epidermis etc.
Functions:
 Storage, conduction, manufacture of food materials,
photosynthesis, protection etc.

12. SIMPLE TISSUES
b) COLLENCHYMA
a) In many herbs and also in petioles mechanical
support or rigidity afforded by a special type of
tissues called the collenchyma.
b) The cells composing this tissues the various in
shape, sometimes they are elongated or rectangular.
c) The cell wall is made up of cellulose and it also
contains suberin, pectin
Function
Mechanical support of plants

13. SIMPLE TISSUES
c) SCLERENCHYMA
a) This is an efficient type of supporting tissue(Mechanical
tissue)
b) They are found in different parts of the plant body.
c) The cells of this tissue are based and the cell wall is
uniformly thickened by lignin.
d) The shape and size of scherenchyme cells are very
different.
e) The two general types are recognized – Fibers and stone
cells (Sclereids)

14. 1) FIBERS
a) Fibers are elongated sclerenchyma cells with usually
pointed ends.
b) The walls are highly lignified
c) Certain type of fibers like those of cotton are very
soft and made up of cellulose.
Eg. Cotton, coconut fiber, jute
2) STONE CELLS
a) They are isodiametric sclerenchyma cells
b) Their wall are very thick lignified and stratified.
c) Stone cells may be found either singly or in groups.

15. COMPLEX TISSUES
A) XYLEM
a) In higher plants, the elongated cells are joined
together to form a tissues. These tissues units to act as
a long tube.
b) The cells of this tissues are also contain the liginin.
c) The lignin helps to the thickening of the cells
d) It also gives to the mechanical support of plants
FUNCTIONS
The xylem tissue is composed of different types of cells
but all of them together perform the single function ie.,
the conduction of water and mineral in the upward
direction

16. COMPLEX TISSUE
B) PHLOEM
a) It is the another important complex type of tissue.
b) In stems it is found in periphery to the xylem.
c) In roots it is seen alternating with the xylem.
d) Phloem is also made up of different type of cells.
e) The cells are work together to perform a common
function.
FUNCTION
The conduction of organic food from leaves to the
downward region.