This is very helpful for new learner. read and enjoy geometry content. I hope u will learn a lot from this.

1. GGEEOOMMEETTRRYY
PPRREESSEENNTTAATTIIOONN
PRESENTED BY:
SHAGUFTA KHAN

3. SHAPES
LINES
ANGLES
Special 4
sides
Types of
Triangle
Area and
Measurement
isosceles
triangle
equilateral
Right
square
circle Rhombu
rectangular trapezium
s
h
Base base
area=1/2*base*height
rectangular
Square
Rho
mbu
s
parallelogram

4. What did the
acorn say when
he grew up?
Circles Polygons
Points
Lines
Planes
Congruency
Similarity

5. Content
Introduction.
Objectives/Importance.
Curriculum Alignment.
Basic Geometrical Concepts.
Construction of Triangle.
Area of Triangle.
Activities to teach.
Misconception and Issue.

6. CURRICULUM ALLIGNMENT
Shapes, its kinds and classification
Lines, Angles and its types.
Measurements( Area and
Parameter)
Use of Protractor and Scale to
measure.

7. What is Geometry
&
their IMPORTANCE
Geometry is the study of
shapes
They studied Geometry in
Ancient Mesopotamia & Ancient
Egypt
Geometry is important
in the art and construction
fields

9. INTRODUCTION
Plane Geometry is about flat shapes
like lines, circles and triangles ... shapes
that can be drawn on a piece of paper
Solid Geometry is about three
dimensional objects like cubes,
prisms, cylinders and spheres.

10. Point, Line, Plane and Solid
A Point has no dimensions,
only position
A Line is one-dimensional
A Plane is two dimensional
(2D)
A Solid is three-dimensional
(3D)
Ray: A line with a start
point but no end point

11. LINES
• STRAIGHT LINE: A line with
constant direction.
• CURVED LINE: A line that is bent
without an angle.

12. OPEN & CLOSED
FIGURES
• A CLOSED FIGURE/SHAPE starts
and ends at the same point.
• An OPEN FIGURE/SHAPE does NOT
start and end at the same point.
CLOSED OPEN
●
●
●
Start
End
Star
t
End

13. ACTIVITY 1

14. Line segment LINE
If a line is cute at two
parts, then the part of a
line between the cuts is
called ‘LINE SEGMENT’. It
has two end points.
SEGMENT
A B
Line segment

15. PARALLEL AND PERPENDICULAR
LINES
• PARALLEL LINES:
Two equal distance lines
that never meet each Other
even if they stretched unlimited.
PERPENDICULAR LINES:
Lines that are at right
angles (90°) to each
other

16. MEASURING LENGTH
• You can measure how long things are,
or how tall, or how far apart they are.
Those are all examples of length
measurements.
Example: This fork is 20 centimeters
long

17. ANGLE
• The two straight
lines that have a
common end is
called angle.

18. HOW MANY ANGLES
DOES EACH HAVE?

19. COMPLEMENTARY ANGLE
• Two angles are complementary if the sum of
their angles equals 90o.
If one angle is known, its complementary
angle can be found by subtracting the
measure of its angle from 90o.
• Example: What is the complementary angle
of 43o?
Solution: 90o - 43o = 47o

20. SUPPLIMENTARY ANGLE
• Two angles are supplementary if the
sum of their angles equals 180o.
If one angle is known, its
supplementary angle can be found by
subtracting the measure of its angle
from 180o.
• Example: What is the supplementary
angle of 143o?
Solution: 180o - 143o = 37o

21. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ANGLE
• Acute Angle an angle that is less than 90°
• Right Angle an angle that is 90° exactly
• Obtuse Angle an angle that is greater than
90° but
less than 180°
• Straight Angle an angle that is 180° exactly
• Reflex Angle an angle that is greater than
180°

22. AREA
• Surface of any shape/figure, covered
by lines is called area.
FFIINNDDIINNDD AARREEAA (( LLxxBB))
Question: LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING
FIGURE AND GIVE THE AREA IN
SQUARE Cm2

23. PERIMETER
The distance around a two dimensional shape.
The perimeter of this
regular pentagon is
3+3+3+3+3 = 5×3 =
15
The perimeter of this
rectangle is 7+3+7+3
= 20
rrgghghghhhhhhhh
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
hhhhhhhhhhhhhhh
hhh

24. MEASUREMENT OF PERIMETER
• Rectangle
Area = w × h
w = width
h = height
• Square
Area = a2
a = length of
side

25. SHAPES WITH SAME AREA CAN
HAVE DIFFERENT PERIMETER
2cm
2cm
1cm
1cm
AREA=4cm
2
Perimeter=8cm
Area=6cm 2
Perimeter= 10cm

26. HERE IS THE SITE PLANE OF A
HOUSE. FIND AREA AND
PERIMETER?

27. Circle
• In a plane, each point of the circle is at equal
distance from a fixed point. The fixed point is
called the centre of the circle.
• The distance from centre to any point on the
circle is called radius of the circle.
• A Line segment passing through the centre of
the circle and whose end points lie on the
circle is called the diameter of the circle.
• The length of the circle or the distance
around it is called circumference of the
circle.
circle
0
Radius
Diameter
D=2r
circumference

28. Using a Protractor
• Helps you measure angles (in degrees)
• Protractors usually have two sets of
numbers going
in opposite directions
• Each row of half
• Protractor=180°

29. KINDS OF TRIANGLE

30. Constructing a triangle given SAS
How could we construct a triangle given the lengths
of two of its sides and the angle between them?
side
side
angle
The angle between the two sides is often called
the included angle.
We use the abbreviation SAS to stand
for Side, Angle and Side.

31. Constructing a triangle given ASA
How could we construct a triangle given
two angles and the length of the side
between them?
side
angle
angle
The side between the two angles is often called
the included side.
We use the abbreviation ASA to stand for
Angle, Side and Angle.

32. Constructing a triangle given SSS
How could we construct a triangle
given the lengths of three sides?
side side
side
Hint: We would need to use a compass.
We use the abbreviation SSS to stand
for Side, Side, Side.

33. Constructing a triangle given RHS
Remember, the longest side in a right-angled
triangle is called the hypotenuse.
How could we construct a right-angled triangle
given the right angle, the length of the
hypotenuse and the length of one other side?
hypotenuse
right angle
side
We use the abbreviation RHS to stand
for Right angle, Hypotenuse and Side.

34. Examples
• 1 What is the area of this square?
• Solution
• Area = s × s
• = 3.2 × 3.2
• = 1024 cm2
• 2 What is the area of this rectangle?
• Solution
• Area = l × b 6 cm = 60 mm
• = 60 × 5
• = 300 mm2

35. Areas of composite shapes
• Find the area of this shape.
• Solution
• Method 1
• Area of shape = area of rectangle Y +
area of square X
• = (6 × 2) + (3 × 3)
• = 12 + 9
• = 21 cm2

36. What about this shaded area?
• Area of purple shape = area of big
rectangle − area of small
rectangle
• = (75 × 45) − (32 × 24)
• = 3375 − 768
• = 2607 mm2

37. • What shapes can you see?
• Solution
• Divide the shape into a
triangle and a rectangle.
• Area of shape = area of rectangle + area of
triangle
• = (16 × 14) + (½ × 14 × 14)
• = 224 + 98
224cm2
• = 322 cm2
A =
½bh
98cm2

38. MISCONCEPTIONS IN GEOMETRY
•Identifying the Base and Height of a
Triangle.
•Conservation Misconception
•Angles: Larger Space means Larger Angle
•Shape Properties
•Orientation and Rotation of Shapes
•Perpendicular lines
•There Are Four Sorts Of Triangle: Scalene,
Isosceles, Equilateral And Right-Angled

39. Once you study all the “fancy words”,
Geometry is very easy to understand…
so STUDY!
Thank you