The document is an analysis of a centrifugal pump submitted by Mohammad Shahbaz to his professor Aditya Mishra. It discusses the working mechanism of centrifugal pumps, including their components, power and efficiency calculations, and advantages and disadvantages. Centrifugal pumps work by converting mechanical energy to hydraulic energy using centrifugal force on liquids. They are commonly used to move liquids through piping systems and have rotating impellers and stationary casings.
2. WHAT IS CENTRIFUGAL PUMP?
WORKING MECHANISM OF A
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
POWER AND EFFICIENCY
CALCULATION.
COMPONENTS OF CENTRIFUGAL
PUMPS
ADVANTEGAES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
3. Convert the mechanical
energy into hydraulic energy
by centrifugal force on the
liquid
Constitute the most common
type of pumping machinery
Used to move liquids through
a piping system
Has two main components:
1. Stationary componets,
casing, casing cover and
bearings
2. Rotating components,
impeller and shaft
Classified into three
categories ; Radial Flow,
Mixed Flow, Axial Flow
4. Simplest piece of
equipment in any process
plant
Energy changes occur by
virtue of impeller and
volute
Liquid is fed into the
pump at the center of a
rotating impeller and
thrown outward by
centrifugal force
The conversion of kinetic
energy into pressure
energy supplies the
pressure difference
between the suction side
and delivery side of the
pump
Liquid flow path
inside a
centrifugal pump
5. •The power supplied to the pump:
Where m=mass flow rate, kg/s
∆H= total discharge head,
N.m/kg
η=efficiency
…………(1)
6. •The power delivered to the fluid:
…………(2)
•From equations (1) and (2) efficiency:
7. nq is the specific speed for a unit machine that
is geometric similar to a machine with the head
Hq = 1 m and flow rate Q = 1 m3
/s
43q
H
Q
nn ⋅=
qs nn ⋅= 55,51
14. Advantages
Simple in construction and cheap
Handle liquid with large amounts of
solids
No metal to metal fits
No valves involved in pump operation
Maintenance costs are lower
15. Disadvantages
Cannot handle highly viscous fluids efficiently
Cannot be operated at high heads
Maximum efficiency holds over a narrow range
of conditions