The document provides an overview of a multimedia learning module on natural disasters. It includes 8 units that can be accessed by clicking on them. Each unit contains an introduction, knowledge/theory section, and exercises. The specific unit summarized focuses on natural disasters. It defines natural disasters, lists their main ingredients (earth, air, water, fire), and provides examples like earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes, volcanoes, thunderstorms, meteors, floods, and droughts. The exercises include vocabulary, comprehension questions, and other interactive activities.

5. Unit 5 Unit 6 Unit 7 Unit 8
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Earth, Water, Air, Fire
On the Move
The World of Work The Fat of the Land

9. TABLE OF CONTENTS
01 Introduction : Earth, Air, Water, Fire . .
.
02 Knowledge
What are natural disasters?
Main ingredients of natural disasters
Examples of natural disasters?
03 Exercises
Vocabulary
Comprehension
Summary
Unit 5

10. introduction
knowledge
exercises
Unit 5

11. introduction
knowledge
About This Lesson
exercises
We will learn about natural disasters. How they happen,
why they happen, when and where they happen.
We will learn about the different types of natural
disasters and the qualities and characteristics that each
one has.
We will learn new vocabulary that are commonly used
when describing natural disasters by using real-life
accounts of natural disasters that occurred in history.
Unit 5

12. knowledge
What are natural disasters?
Disaster :
Something bad that happens unexpectedly
misfortune | catastrophe | terrible event
Natural :
Something that exists or happens ordinarily in the world.
SO what are natural disasters ???
Unit 5

13. knowledge
Main ingredients of natural disasters
air
fire
water earth
Unit 5

14. knowledge
Name these different kinds of
NATURAL DISASTERS
Unit 5

17. This is a remnant from an EARTHQUAKE
• The tsunami in Aceh was caused by an earthquake
• Earthquakes usually leave cracks on the ground
• TREMOR is a movie about an earthquake disaster

19. This is a TORNADO
• Tornadoes are like vacuum cleaners of the sky.
• Tornadoes are caused by air pressure.
• TWISTER is a movie about tornadoes.

21. This is a satellite picture of a HURRICANE
• Hurricanes are caused by differing air pressures
• Hurricanes usually start from the seas and oceans
• Hurricanes have human names like Andrew, Cindy
and Emily

23. This is a VOLCANO spewing out molten lava
• Volcanoes usually throw out hot molten lava
• Volcanoes can sometimes start other natural
disasters like …
• DANTE’S PEAK and VOLCANO are both movies
about volcanic eruptions

25. This is a THUNDERSTORM
• Unless you are outside, thunderstorms are safe
• High buildings usually have lightning poles that
prevent lightning from hitting anyone.
• Thunderstorms can be accompanied by rain, snow,
hail and even tornadoes.

27. This is a METEOR striking earth
• It is said dinosaurs became extinct due to this
• The earth has several large craters; remnants from
meteor strikes
• ARMAGEDDON and DEEP IMPACT is a movie about
a meteors hitting earth

29. This is FLOOD
• Floods are usually caused by heavy downpours
• But can also be caused by volcanic eruptions, and
recently the tsunami
• THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW is a movie that partly
shows how flood can be terrifying.

31. This is land affected by DROUGHT
• Drought usually occurs when rainfall is scarce
• Brunei experienced a dry spell during the El Nino
phenomenon

33. Earth
Air
Water
Fire

34. Earth
Air
Water
Fire

35. weather
climate
space / cosmic

36. weather
climate
space / cosmic
Unit 5

37. introduction
knowledge
exercises
Unit 5

38. Unit 5

39. Unit 5

40. Unit 5 Reading | Exploding Mountains
Pictures | Krakatau

41. Unit 5 Reading | Exploding Mountains
Pictures | Krakatau

42. Unit 5 Reading | Exploding Mountains
Pictures | Mount St. Helens

43. Unit 5

44. Vocabulary Comprehension
Choose one of the three
Other exercises exercises by clicking on
them.
Sequencing
Read the instructions
carefully on how to attempt
these exercises.
END

45. back
Vocabulary Exercise 3 - Page 78
Words 1 to 4
Words 5 to 8
Other words
Section 3 - Page 85
Find out the Weather words
meanings Exercise 2 - Page 85
of words used in the
Sequencing
passage. Other words
Use your dictionary
and textbook Attempt All
for this task.

46. back
Literal Questions Comprehension
Paragraphs 2 - 3
Paragraphs 4 - 5
Paragraphs 6 - 7
Reorganisation
Exercise 4 – Page 78
Answer these
comprehension
questions using
Sequencing
the passage as
Supplementary your guide.
Questions Set 1
Questions Set 2

47. back
In this section, we have different types of exercises
and games to choose from. Each exercise demands a
certain skill to be used. The links below provide hints on
what each exercise is all about.
Compare & Contrast
Other exercises Summary
Listening
Sequencing
Writing a report

51. Can you see me?
That is because I
am invisible!

52. Ta-daa!
Now let us
learn new
words!

53. The mountain is
beginning to bulge
outwards!

54. Gah! That was a
loud and scary
blast of lava!

55. *cough*
The volcano is
beginning to emit
black smoke. *cough*

56. My oh my!
The eruption caused
an immense wave.
Take cover!

57. Oh dear!
Look at the remnants
of the village!
How unfortunate…

58. It is time to test you on
vocabulary!
See if you can answer
these questions 
Vocabulary

59. The closest meaning to „Invisible‟ Instructions
is: Help
Back to menu
A. Easily seen
B. Strong and unconquerable
C. Cannot be seen A
D. Cannot be divided B
E. Not very clear C
D
Vocabulary
E

60. What sentence uses „Emit‟ Instructions
correctly? Help
Back to menu
A.
The gun emits lasers when fired.
B. A.B.C
Loud noises were emitted from the
A.B.C.D
speakers.
C. C.D
He emitted a smile at the girl. A.B
Vocabulary
D.
A.B.D
He is an emit because he is loud.

61. What can be said as „immense‟? Instructions
Help
Back to menu
A. An island of penguins.
B. The planet Neptune.
C. A small grain of salt. A.B.D
D. A very salty taste. A.B.C.D
E. The Tsunami death toll. A.B.E
A.B.D.E
Vocabulary
A.B.C.D.E

62. Which is the closest meaning to Instructions
„overwhelmed‟? Help
Back to menu
A. To walk to the other side.
B. To overcome by force. A
C. To lose shamefully.
B
D. To exaggerate.
C
E. To put too much pressure.
D
Vocabulary
E

63. Which animals are bulging? Instructions
Help
A B
Back to menu
A.B
B.C.D
C D A.C.D
A.B.C.D
Vocabulary
None

64. Which of these words are related to Instructions
„blast‟? Help
Back to menu
A. Bomb.
B. Explosion. A.B
C. Eruption.
A.B.C.E
D. Melting.
A.D.E
E. Whisper.
A.C.D.E
Vocabulary
A.B.C

65. What is a thicket? Instructions
Help
Back to menu
A. A pass to enter a cinema.
B. Something to wear.
C. Water that is turbulent. A
D. A tall glass. B
E. Thick shrubs or bushes. C
D
Vocabulary
E

66. Paragraph 2
menu It was one of the Indonesian volcanoes that produced the
most catastrophic explosion yet recorded. In 1883, a small island
named Krakatau, seven kilometres long by five kilo-metres wide,
lying between Sumatra and Java, began to emit clouds of smoke.
As the eruptions continued, ash rained down on the decks of ships
sailing nearby and electric flames played in their rigging. Day after
day, enormous quantities of ash and lava blocks were thrown out
Literal Comprehension
from the crater, accompanied by deafening explosions. But the
underground chamber from which all this material was coming was
slowly emptying. At 10am on 28th August, the rock roof of the
chamber could bear the weight of the ocean and its floor no longer.
It collapsed.
To Paragraph 3 

67. Paragraph 3
menu Millions of tons of water fell onto the molten lava in the
chamber and two-thirds of the island fell on top of it. The result was
an explosion that produced the loudest sound ever to echo around
the world in recorded history. It was heard over three thousands
kilometres away in Australia. Five thousand kilometres away, on the
small island of Rodriguez, the commander of the British garrison
thought it was the sound of distant gunfire. A great wind swept
Literal Comprehension
away from the site and circled the earth seven times before it finally
died away. Most catastrophic of all, the explosion formed an
immense wave in the sea. As it travelled towards the coast of Java,
it became a wall of water as high as a four-storey house. It picked
up a naval gunboat, carried it two kilometres inland and dumped it
on top of a hill. It overwhelmed village after village along the thickly
populated coast. Over 36, 000 people died.
To Paragraph 4 

68. Paragraph 4
menu
The biggest explosion of recent years occurred on the
other side of the Pacific, along the western coast of North America.
Until 1980, Mount St. Helens was famous for the beautiful shape of
its cone. It rose nearly 3,000 metres high and was crowned with
snow the year round. In March that year, warning rumbles began to
come from it. Steam and smoke rose from its peak, dusting the
Literal Comprehension
snow cap with streaks of grey. All through April, the column of
smoke grew. The northern flank of the mountain, about 1,000
metres below the summit, began to bulge outwards. The swelling
grew at a rate of about two metres a day. Then, at half past eight on
the morning of 18th May, the mountain exploded.
To Paragraph 5 

69. Paragraph 5
menu
The northwest face, about a cubic kilometre of it, simply
blew out. The trees that had clothed the lower slopes of the
mountain, over an area of 200 square kilometres, were laid flat as
though they were matches. A immense black cloud rose above the
mountain, towering 20 kilometres into the sky. Few people live
close to the volcanoand there had been a lot of warning, but even
Literal Comprehension
so 60 people were killed. Geologists assumed that the explosion
was 2, 500 times as powerful as the nuclear blast that destroyed
the city of Hiroshima.
To Paragraph 6 

70. Paragraph 6
menu
Nothing can live on a volcano immediately after its
eruption. If there has been an explosion, steam, smoke, and
poisonous gas will continue to billow up from the crater for weeks.
However, Krakatau shows how complete a recovery can be. Fifty
years after the catastrophe, a small vent spouting fire arose from
the sea. The people call it Anak - the child of - Krakatau. Already it
has thickets of casuarina and wild sugar cane growing on its flanks.
Literal Comprehension
To Paragraph 7 

71. Paragraphs 7 and 8
menu A remnant of the old island, now called Rakata, lies a mile
or so away across the sea. The slopes that a century ago were
bare are now covered by a dense tropical forest. Some of the
seeds from which it sprang must have floated here across the sea.
Others were carried by the wind or brought on the feet or in the
stomachs of birds. In this forest live many winged creatures – birds,
butterflies, and other insects – that clearly had little difficulty in
Literal Comprehension
reaching the island from the mainland 40 kilometres away. Pythons,
monitor lizards and rats have also reached here, perhaps on
floating rafts of vegetation.
The tropical forest has, within a century, reclaimed
Krakatau. Without much doubt, the coniferous forest, in another
century, will have reclaimed Mountr St. Helens.
Back to Menu >>

72. Question 1
menu
What three different effects of the Krakatau
eruption were experienced at some distance
from the island?
Reorganisation
Question 2 

73. Question 2
menu
Which of the two eruptions killed more people?
Krakatau
Over 36 000 !
St. Helens
Reorganisation
60 people
Question 3 

74. Question 3
menu
Put these explosions in order of increasing
power:
(a) Krakatau (b) St. Helens (c) the nuclear bomb at Hiroshima
1 st
2nd
Reorganisation
3rd
Question 2 

75. Compare and Contrast
• Find at least 8 differences between the two volcanoes
• Write down the differences in full sentences

76. Conclusion
By now we have gone through the
passage „Exploding Mountains‟ and
have attempted the questions it
came with.
As homework, finish up the
questions that are to be completed.
The next lesson we will look at
another kind of natural disaster.
Sequencing

78. Introduction
Theory
Exercises
Not available.
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show the potential of this
multimedia CD

80. Introduction
Theory
Exercises
Not available.
This space is just an example to
show the potential of this
multimedia CD

82. Not available.
This space is just an example to
show the potential of this
multimedia CD

83. Introduction
Theory
Exercises
Not available.
This space is just an example to
show the potential of this
multimedia CD

84. Bingo ! Back to menu
Professor Bean
believes that you
should attempt
the other
questions. Press
the button below
to go back to the
Sequencing
last question and
You got the proceed from
right answer ! there.

85. Ta Da ! Back to menu
Professor Bean
acknowledges
your potential.
Press the button
below to go back
to the last
question and
Sequencing
Well done! proceed further
from there.
You answered
correctly!

86. No, no, no…
Back to menu
Professor Bean
says “Tsk, tsk.
You got to be
kidding! Try the
question again by
pressing the tiny
button below. If
Sequencing
you get it wrong
Your answer again, you will not
get cookies”.
is incorrect.

87. Oh no !
Back to menu
“Take a look at the
question and read
it carefully,” says
Professor Bean.
Try the question
again by pressing
Sequencing
the button below.
You answer
is wrong!

88. No, absolutely.
Back to menu
Bean says “You
better improve
your reading skills
or erm, erm…just
push the cutesy
button below!”.
Sequencing
Try the question
again by pressing
Sorry, wrong the button below.
answer!