2. When assessing a pregnant client with diabetes mellitus, the nurse is alert for signs and symptoms of a vaginal or UTI. Which of the following conditions makes this client more susceptible to such infections? Electrolyte imbalances Decrease insulin needs Hypoglycemia Glycosuria
4. When assessing a pregnant client with diabetes mellitus, the nurse is alert for signs and symptoms of a vaginal or UTI. Which of the following conditions makes this client more susceptible to such infections? Electrolyte imbalances Decrease insulin needs Hypoglycemia Glycosuria
5. Rationale: Glycosuria predisposes the pregnant diabetic client to vaginal infections (especially candidiasis) and UTI because the hormonal changes of pregnancy affect the pH of the vagina and increase the glucose concentration in urine.
7. 2. A client with type 1 (IDDM) is admitted to an acute care facility with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). To correct this acute diabetic emergency, which measure should the health care team take first? Initiate fluid replacement therapy Administer insulin Correct DKA Determine the cause of DKA
9. 2. A client with type 1 (IDDM) is admitted to an acute care facility with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). To correct this acute diabetic emergency, which measure should the health care team take first? Initiate fluid replacement therapy Administer insulin Correct DKA Determine the cause of DKA
10. Rationale: The health care team initiates fluid replacement therapy first to prevent or treat circulatory collapse caused by severe dehydration. Although DKA results from insulin deficiency, the client must have an adequate fluid volume before insulin can be administered; otherwise the drug won’t circulate throughout the body effectively. Insulin administration follows fluid replacement therapy
12. 3. the mother of a preschool diagnosed with type 1 DM brought the child to ER. She says her child had uncontrollable temper while playing and now is lethargic and hard to arouse. Which action the nurse should take first? a. obtain urine sample and measure the glucose level b. Have the child drink orange juice c. Measure the child’s blood glucose level d. Call for code zero-zero, because this is an emergency
14. 3. the mother of a preschool diagnosed with type 1 DM brought the child to ER. She says her child had uncontrollable temper while playing and now is lethargic and hard to arouse. Which action the nurse should take first? a. obtain urine sample and measure the glucose level b. Have the child drink orange juice c. Measure the child’s blood glucose level d. Call for code zero-zero, because this is an emergency
15. Rationale: In a child with type 1 DM, behavioral changes may signal hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia; measuring the blood glucose level is the only way to determine which condition is present. This will serve as baseline for emergency measures such as administering insulin or glucagon.
17. 4. The nurse is teaching a client with type 1 DM how to manage reactions to insulin. To reverse a hypoglycemic reactions, the client ideally should ingest an oral carbohydrate; however, this treatment is not always possible or safe. Therefore, which alternate treatment should the nurse advise the client to keep on hand? Epinephrine Glucagon 50% dextrose hydrocortisone
19. 4. The nurse is teaching a client with type 1 DM how to manage reactions to insulin. To reverse a hypoglycemic reactions, the client ideally should ingest an oral carbohydrate; however, this treatment is not always possible or safe. Therefore, which alternate treatment should the nurse advise the client to keep on hand? Epinephrine Glucagon 50% dextrose hydrocortisone
20. Rationale: During a hypoglycemic reaction, a layperson may administer glucagon, an antihypoglycemic agent to raise the blood glucose level quickly in an client who can’t ingest oral carbohydrate.
22. 5. A client with diabetes has been prescribed with insulin. When teaching the client about hypoglycemia, which of the following effects should the nurse warn the client to expect? polyuria, fatigue and headache Nervousness, diaphoresis and confusion Polydipsia, pallor and irritability Polyphagia and flushed, dry skin
24. 5. A client with diabetes has been prescribed with insulin. When teaching the client about hypoglycemia, which of the following effects should the nurse warn the client to expect? polyuria, fatigue and headache Nervousness, diaphoresis and confusion Polydipsia, pallor and irritability Polyphagia and flushed, dry skin
25. Rationale: Sign and symptoms of hypoglycemia includes nervousness, diaphoresis and confusion. Headache, dizziness,weakness, irritability and pallor may also occur. Polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia and weight loss are classic manifestation of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia.
27. 6. Which of the following is the best definition of diabetes mellitus? It is a disease that causes polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia It is a complex diseases of protein and fat metabolism, thus causing formation of ketone bodies. It is a disease characterized by macrovascular and microvascular complication. It is a group of metabolic diseases in which high blood glucose results from defective insulin reaction or secretion
29. 6. Which of the following is the best definition of diabetes mellitus? It is a disease that causes polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia It is a complex diseases of protein and fat metabolism, thus causing formation of ketone bodies. It is a disease characterized by macrovascular and microvascular complication. It is a group of metabolic diseases in which high blood glucose results from defective insulin reaction or secretion
39. 9. A diabetic client receives a combination of regular and NPH insulin at 7am. The nurse teaches the client to be alert for signs of hypoglycemia at: 12 noon and 1pm 2pm and 7pm 10am and 10pm 8am and 11am
41. 9. A diabetic client receives a combination of regular and NPH insulin at 7am. The nurse teaches the client to be alert for signs of hypoglycemia at: 12 noon and 1pm 2pm and 7pm 10am and 10pm 8am and 11am
43. A client is evaluated for type 1 DM. which statements correlates best with this disorder? “I’m thirsty all the time. I just cant get enough to drink” “it seems like I have no appetite. I have to make my self eat” “I have a cough and cold that just won’t go away” “I notice pain when I urinate”
45. A client is evaluated for type 1 DM. which statements correlates best with this disorder? “I’m thirsty all the time. I just cant get enough to drink” “it seems like I have no appetite. I have to make my self eat” “I have a cough and cold that just won’t go away” “I notice pain when I urinate”
