1. Business borrowing and Leasing

5. Bond Contract Summary of terms of 8.25% sinking fund debenture 2022 issued by J.C. Penney

7. Recovery Rates Ultimate Percentage Recovery Rates on Defaulting Debt (1988 – 2002) Recovery Percentage

12. Event Risk: An Example October 1993 Marriott spun off its hotel management business worth 80% of its value. Before the spin-off, Marriott’s long-term book debt ratio was 2891/3644 = 79%. Almost all the debt remained with the parent (renamed Host Marriott), whose debt ratio therefore rose to 93%. Marriott’s stock price rose 13.8% and its bond prices declined by up to 30%. Bondholders sued and Marriott modified its spin-off plan.

18. Project Finance 1. Project is set up as a separate company. 2. A major proportion of equity is held by project manager or contractor, so provision of finance and management are linked. 3. The company is highly levered.

19. Parties In Project Finance

20. Risk Allocation

21. Bond Innovations

22. Straight Bond vs. Callable Bond Value of straight bond 25 50 75 100 125 150 25 50 75 100 bond Value of Straight bond bond callable at 100

26. AMT

29. Financial Leases Example Greymare Bus Lines is considering a lease. Your operating manager wants to buy a new bus for $100,000. The bus has an 8 year life. The Bus Saleswoman says she will lease Greymare the bus for 8 years at $16,900 per year, but Greymare assumes all operating and maintenance costs. Should Greymare Buy or Lease the bus?

30. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines is considering a lease. Your operating manager wants to buy a new bus for $100,000. The bus has an 8 year life. The Bus Saleswoman says she will lease Greymare the bus for 8 years at $16,900 per year, but Greymare assumes all operating and maintenance costs. Should Greymare Buy or Lease the bus? Cash flow consequences of the lease contract to Greymare

32. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines Balance Sheet without lease Equivalent lease balance sheet

33. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines can borrow at 10%, thus the value of the lease should be discounted at 6.5% or .10 x (1-.35). The result will tell us if Greymare should lease or buy the bus.

34. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines can borrow at 10%, thus the value of the lease should be discounted at 6.5% or .10 x (1-.35). The result will tell us if Greymare should lease or buy the bus.

35. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines lease cash flows can also be thought of as loan equivalent cash flows.

36. Financial Leases Example - cont Greymare Bus Lines lease cash flows can also be thought of as loan equivalent cash flows.

37. Financial Leases Example - cont The Greymare Bus Lines lease cash flows can also be treated as a favorable financing alternative and valued using APV.

38. Financial Lease Benefits Value of lease to lessor = Value of lease =