Organic Farming In India

1. ORGANIC FARMING
TOPIC
Assistant Professor
Mr. B.S Cheema
By

2. CONTENTS
ORGANIC
FARMING
INTRODUCTION
ETHICS
TERMINOLOGY
PRINCIPLES
ADVANTATES
DISADVANTATES
NEED/
RELEVANCE

3. Introduction
•Organic farming, also known as ecological
farming or biological farming, is an
agricultural system that uses fertilizers of
organic origin such as compost manure, green
manure, and bone meal and techniques such
as crop rotation and companion planting.
•Organic farming was actually initiated as an
answer to the environmental sufferings caused
by the use of chemical pesticides and synthetic
fertilizers.
•In other words, organic farming is a new
system of farming or agriculture that repairs,
maintains, and improves the ecological balance.

4. Ethics of Organic Farming
Chemicalisation, excess irrigation, depletion of soil moisture, depletion of organic
carbon and organic matter content in soil, burning/wasting of biomass, soil erosion or
allowing the soil to dry etc., are all against the ethics of OF.
OF is not a goal to be attained. It is an ongoing process. It is a journey rather than a
destination.
According Lampkin (1990): Organic agriculture is a production system, which avoids
or largely excludes the use of synthetic compounded fertilizers, pesticides, growth
regulators and livestock feed additives.
To the maximum extent feasible, organic farming system relies on crop rotations, crop
residues, animal manures, legumes, green manures, off-farm organic wastes and
aspects of biological pest control to maintain soil productivity and tilth, to supply plant
nutrients and to control insects, weeds and other pests.

5. TERMINOLOGY
Different terms by diff people:
i) Ecofriendly farming (farming in relation to ecosystem)
ii) Biological farming (farming in relation to biological diversity),
iii) Biodyanamic farming (biologically dynamic and ecologically sound and
sustainable),
iv) Macrobiotic agriculture (agriculture in relation to macro fauna),
v) Natural farming etc., (based on natural farming which alone are sustainable).

6. Principles of organic farming
Organic Agriculture has three principles, It must be
•Ecologically sound
•Economically feasible
•Socially acceptable.
Till 20th century Organic Farming was not alternative, it was a way of life. Till today
in many of the poor nations, Organic Farming is a way of life as much as it is a
method of farming.
Organic Farming is not a philosophy but a means of achieving sustainability in
agriculture.

7. Advantages of Organic Farming
Economical:
In organic farming, no expensive fertilizers, pesticides, or HYV seeds are required for the
plantation of crops. Therefore, there is no extra expense.
Good return on Investment:
With the usage of cheaper and local inputs, a farmer can make a good return on investment.
High demand:
There is a huge demand for organic products in India and across the globe, which generates
more income through export.
Nutritional:
As compared to chemical and fertilizer- utilised products, organic products are more
nutritional, tasty, and good for health.
Environment-friendly:
The farming of organic products is free of chemicals and fertilizers, so it does not harm the
environment.

8. Disadvantages of Organic Farming
Incompetent:
The major issue of organic farming is the lack of inadequate infrastructure and
marketing of the product.
Less production:
The products obtained through organic farming are less in the initial years as compared
to that in chemical products. So, farmers find it difficult to accommodate large-scale
production.
Shorter shelf life:
Organic products have more flaws and a shorter shelf life than that of chemical
products.
Limited production:
Off-season crops are limited and have fewer options in organic farming.

9. Need of Organic Farming
•Excessive use of chemical fertilizers
reduces the fertility of soil.
•Excessive use of chemicals has led to
soil, water, and air pollution.
•To conserve ecosystem.
•To promote sustainable development.
•Inexpensive farming.
•Increased demand of organic products
due to safety of food.

10. Benefits of Organic Farming
•Environment-friendly.
•Promotes sustainable
development.
•Healthy and tasty food.
•Inexpensive process.
•It uses organic inputs.
•Generates income.
•Generates income through
exports.
•Organic farming is more labour
intensive.
•It generates more employment.

11. Relevance of Organic Farming
•Green revolution (GR) was only concentrated in areas having fertile soil and
adequate water supply. This 30% of the GR area contributed 60% of the food
production while, 70% of the area contributed only 40%.
•In intensive farming systems, organic agriculture (OA) decreases yield. In the GR
areas (irrigated land and well endowed water regions), conversion to organic usually
leads to almost identical yields.
•In traditional rainfed areas (with low external inputs) OA has shown the potential to
increase the yields. Under restricted water availability or rainfed condition, difference
in crop yield between organic and conventional production narrow down to between
10 to 15%.
•The country at present is not in a position to completely eliminate the use of
chemicals especially the fertilizer.

12. Relevance of Organic Farming
Fertilizers can gradually be
reduced.
Control on commercial sale
of organic manures.
IPM is the solution.
The task force on Organic Farming
(OF) set up the Union Ministry of
Agriculture during 2001 brought
out the status of OF in the country.
In its report it is stated “Organic
farming is being practiced by
thousands of farmers in the
country in an unorganized way”.

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