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it will help as notes.
this slide will help who love the environment,as well as will help to get the basic knowledge regarding STP.
2. STP
• It is the process of removing the sewage
from waste water and house hold sewage
and hospital.
• Its objective to produce an
environmentally safe fluid.
• The objective of STP is to produce a
disposable effluent without causing harm
to the surrounding.
3. SOURCE OF WASTE WATER-
• Human waste
• Washing water
• Highway drainage
• Domestic source
• Hospital
• College
• school
5. MAJOR TREATMENT UNIT
• Screen
• Oil and grease tank
• Equalization tank
• Aeration tank
• Settler
• Balance tank
• PSF(pressure sand filter)
• ACF (Activated carbon filter)
• Disinfection(UV ray, chlorine)
6. SCREEN-
• It is used to screen the organic effluent
(domestic waste)as well as some suspended
solid which is drained via drain line.
• It may be coarse, fine depends where we use.
• Size range of screen 0.035 to 6 mm.
• In STP we use coarse screen which is made up
of stainless steel.
7.
8. FOG TRAP
• After the process of screening water is drained
in to the oil and grease tank.
• Inside the tank column like structure is called
baffle.
• Its importance to separate the oil and water
from each other.
• Oil having low density which float on the
surface and it is scrubbed manually.
9.
10. EQUALIZATION TANK-
• After separating the oil from the water
effluent are drained in the equalization tank
via gravity flow.
• Effluent is homogenized means proper mixing
via agitator.
• PH stabilize.
• Here we use coarse bubble diffuser which
provide air.
11.
12. AERATION TANK
• After proper mixing from equalization tank
effluent is drained in to the aeration tank via pump.
• Air is supplied via blower through fine bubble diffuser.
• In this tank fine bubble diffuser is incorporated which provide
small amount of air.
• In this tank MBBR is incorporated on which bacterial colony grow.
• It has very light weight which float on the water surface and
biodegradation occur.
• Aerobic bacteria is used. i.e MLSS(membrane liquid solid
substrate).
• BOD and COD reduces.
• Cut in the aeration tank (above the hopper of settler)
15. SETTLER
• After aeration degraded waste is drained via
pipe line in to settler
• In settler tube deck media is fixed at 45
degree.
• Heavy particle settle down ,water passes
through tube deck media and over flow occur.
• Settled sludge is drained in to the sludge
drying bed via sludge pump.
16.
17. BALANCE TANK
• Over flow effluent from settler is drained in
balance tank via gravity flow.
• Balance tank remove the turbulent.
• Turbulence or turbulent flow is a flow
regime in fluid dynamics characterized by
changes in pressure and flow velocity.
18.
19. PSF (PRESSURE SAND
FILTER)
• It is made up of stainless steel.
• Inside the filter lay out the grid particle, gravel and
multiple layer of sand.
• These Filters are designed to remove turbidity and
suspended particles present in the feed water.
• Rapid pressure sand bed filters are typically
operated with a feed pressure of 2 to 5 bar(28 to 70
psi).
• It works on the porosity principle.
20.
21. ACTIVATED CARBON
FILTER (ACF)
• After removing the suspended solid from the
effluent it contain the odour and colour.
• Effluents are drained in the ACF via pipe where
remove the odour and color.
• Carbon having the catenation property and
have four valency.
• catenation is the bonding of atoms of the
same element into a series, called a chain
Catenation occurs most readily with carbon.
22.
23. DISINFECTION
• After removing the colour ,odour from ACF
effluents are drained in to disinfectant
tank.
• It uses UV ray, chlorine to remove the
contaminant from the effluent.
• Uv ray inactivate the bacteria for 48 hr