This chapter discusses key ecological concepts including the environment, habitat, niche, populations, limiting factors, and interactions between organisms such as competition, predation, and symbiotic relationships. It also addresses energy flow through ecosystems in food chains and webs, and nutrient cycling, with a focus on the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Human impacts like fossil fuel emissions and fertilizer runoff are disrupting these natural cycles.
This document discusses habitat and niche. It defines habitat as the natural environment where an organism lives, including physical factors like temperature and moisture as well as biotic factors like availability of food and predators. A microhabitat refers to small-scale habitat requirements. Examples of animal and plant habitats are provided for different regions. Niche is defined as an organism's role in an ecosystem, including what it eats, where it lives, and what it does. The fundamental niche is the full range of conditions an organism can survive in, while the realized niche is the actual conditions it is found in due to interactions. Examples of beaver, raccoon, and red-tailed hawk/barred owl niches are described to illustrate these concepts
Dominant traits are produced whether an organism has one or two copies of the dominant allele, while recessive traits only appear when an organism has two copies of the recessive allele. In an example of eye color inheritance, brown eyes (B allele) are dominant over blue eyes (b allele). A child of a parent with brown eyes and a parent with blue eyes would have brown eyes since brown is dominant. In the next generation, there is a chance offspring could have either brown or blue eyes as the recessive blue eye trait can be expressed when paired with another b allele. While recessive traits may be masked in some generations, the alleles are still passed down and can reappear through genetic mixing in future offspring.
The document discusses habitat and niche. It defines habitat as the place where a population lives, obtains resources, and reproduces. Niche is defined as the set of interactions a population has within its community, including its role as a predator, prey, or through commensal/mutualistic relationships. A population's niche may also include its habitat, activity periods, and no two populations can occupy the same niche.
Organisms interact through competition for resources and through symbiotic relationships. Competition occurs when multiple species require the same limited resources and can lead to competitive exclusion of one species. Symbiotic relationships include mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism, where species interact and one benefits while the other is helped or harmed. Population growth is determined by immigration, birth, emigration, and death rates, and is typically limited by resource availability through factors like predation, disease, and competition.
1. An ecosystem is composed of individual organisms that make up populations, several populations that make up a community, and the biotic and abiotic factors that make up the ecosystem. Ecosystems are found within different biomes, which together make up the biosphere.
2. An organism's habitat is the place it lives and provides its needs, while its niche is its role in the ecosystem including how it obtains food and interacts with other organisms.
3. Within an ecosystem, producers like plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, while consumers eat other organisms for energy as herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, or decomposers. Organisms engage in symbiotic relationships of
Este documento explica los sistemas de numeración en complemento a 2, donde el bit más significativo indica el signo del número binario. Explica que para obtener el complemento a 1 de un número binario se cambian los 0 por 1 y viceversa, y para obtener el complemento a 2 se toma el complemento a 1 y se suma 1 al bit menos significativo. Proporciona ejemplos de cómo convertir números decimales a binarios y obtener sus complementos a 1 y a 2.
La unidad aritmético lógica de la CPU puede realizar operaciones aritméticas binarias como suma, resta, multiplicación y división. La suma y resta binarias siguen reglas simples como sumar los bits en la misma posición y propagar el acarreo. La multiplicación binaria es similar a la decimal, multiplicando bit a bit. La división binaria es fácil porque el cociente solo puede ser 1 o 0.
This chapter discusses key ecological concepts including the environment, habitat, niche, populations, limiting factors, and interactions between organisms such as competition, predation, and symbiotic relationships. It also addresses energy flow through ecosystems in food chains and webs, and nutrient cycling, with a focus on the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Human impacts like fossil fuel emissions and fertilizer runoff are disrupting these natural cycles.
This document discusses habitat and niche. It defines habitat as the natural environment where an organism lives, including physical factors like temperature and moisture as well as biotic factors like availability of food and predators. A microhabitat refers to small-scale habitat requirements. Examples of animal and plant habitats are provided for different regions. Niche is defined as an organism's role in an ecosystem, including what it eats, where it lives, and what it does. The fundamental niche is the full range of conditions an organism can survive in, while the realized niche is the actual conditions it is found in due to interactions. Examples of beaver, raccoon, and red-tailed hawk/barred owl niches are described to illustrate these concepts
Dominant traits are produced whether an organism has one or two copies of the dominant allele, while recessive traits only appear when an organism has two copies of the recessive allele. In an example of eye color inheritance, brown eyes (B allele) are dominant over blue eyes (b allele). A child of a parent with brown eyes and a parent with blue eyes would have brown eyes since brown is dominant. In the next generation, there is a chance offspring could have either brown or blue eyes as the recessive blue eye trait can be expressed when paired with another b allele. While recessive traits may be masked in some generations, the alleles are still passed down and can reappear through genetic mixing in future offspring.
The document discusses habitat and niche. It defines habitat as the place where a population lives, obtains resources, and reproduces. Niche is defined as the set of interactions a population has within its community, including its role as a predator, prey, or through commensal/mutualistic relationships. A population's niche may also include its habitat, activity periods, and no two populations can occupy the same niche.
Organisms interact through competition for resources and through symbiotic relationships. Competition occurs when multiple species require the same limited resources and can lead to competitive exclusion of one species. Symbiotic relationships include mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism, where species interact and one benefits while the other is helped or harmed. Population growth is determined by immigration, birth, emigration, and death rates, and is typically limited by resource availability through factors like predation, disease, and competition.
1. An ecosystem is composed of individual organisms that make up populations, several populations that make up a community, and the biotic and abiotic factors that make up the ecosystem. Ecosystems are found within different biomes, which together make up the biosphere.
2. An organism's habitat is the place it lives and provides its needs, while its niche is its role in the ecosystem including how it obtains food and interacts with other organisms.
3. Within an ecosystem, producers like plants use photosynthesis to make their own food, while consumers eat other organisms for energy as herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, or decomposers. Organisms engage in symbiotic relationships of
Este documento explica los sistemas de numeración en complemento a 2, donde el bit más significativo indica el signo del número binario. Explica que para obtener el complemento a 1 de un número binario se cambian los 0 por 1 y viceversa, y para obtener el complemento a 2 se toma el complemento a 1 y se suma 1 al bit menos significativo. Proporciona ejemplos de cómo convertir números decimales a binarios y obtener sus complementos a 1 y a 2.
La unidad aritmético lógica de la CPU puede realizar operaciones aritméticas binarias como suma, resta, multiplicación y división. La suma y resta binarias siguen reglas simples como sumar los bits en la misma posición y propagar el acarreo. La multiplicación binaria es similar a la decimal, multiplicando bit a bit. La división binaria es fácil porque el cociente solo puede ser 1 o 0.
El documento describe varias tecnologías empleadas en el comercio electrónico, incluyendo EDI para el intercambio electrónico de datos entre empresas, correo electrónico para enviar mensajes, transferencia electrónica de fondos para realizar pagos, y aplicaciones web como directorios y motores de búsqueda. También describe el diseño asistido por computadora, multimedia, tableros electrónicos de publicidad y videoconferencia.
El documento describe la evolución del comercio electrónico desde sus inicios en la década de 1970, cuando las primeras empresas comenzaron a intercambiar datos electrónicamente, hasta el desarrollo de Internet y la World Wide Web en la década de 1980 y principios de 1990, lo que permitió nuevas formas simplificadas de comercio entre empresas y consumidores.
El comercio electrónico permite comprar y vender productos, información y servicios a través de Internet las 24 horas del día desde cualquier parte del mundo de forma segura usando tarjetas de crédito y solo requiere unos pocos clics del mouse; aunque las transacciones son rápidas, el comercio electrónico no es totalmente confiable debido al riesgo de fraude.
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) tienen como objetivo mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas y se integran a sistemas de información. Algunos objetivos de las TICs en la educación son diseñar e implementar un servicio educativo innovador de aprendizaje abierto usando tecnología, implantar un servicio de educación semiempresarial para estudios de grado y posgrado con apoyo pedagógico y técnico, y proporcionar acceso a servicios educativos del campus a cualquier estudiante desde cualquier lugar
El documento describe varias tecnologías empleadas en el comercio electrónico, incluyendo EDI para el intercambio electrónico de datos entre empresas, correo electrónico para enviar mensajes, transferencia electrónica de fondos para realizar pagos, y aplicaciones web como directorios y motores de búsqueda. También describe el diseño asistido por computadora, multimedia, tableros electrónicos de publicidad y videoconferencia.
El documento describe la evolución del comercio electrónico desde sus inicios en la década de 1970, cuando las primeras empresas comenzaron a intercambiar datos electrónicamente, hasta el desarrollo de Internet y la World Wide Web en la década de 1980 y principios de 1990, lo que permitió nuevas formas simplificadas de comercio entre empresas y consumidores.
El comercio electrónico permite comprar y vender productos, información y servicios a través de Internet las 24 horas del día desde cualquier parte del mundo de forma segura usando tarjetas de crédito y solo requiere unos pocos clics del mouse; aunque las transacciones son rápidas, el comercio electrónico no es totalmente confiable debido al riesgo de fraude.
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) tienen como objetivo mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas y se integran a sistemas de información. Algunos objetivos de las TICs en la educación son diseñar e implementar un servicio educativo innovador de aprendizaje abierto usando tecnología, implantar un servicio de educación semiempresarial para estudios de grado y posgrado con apoyo pedagógico y técnico, y proporcionar acceso a servicios educativos del campus a cualquier estudiante desde cualquier lugar