Glass ionomer cements were introduced in 1972 as tooth-colored restorative materials that bond chemically to dental tissues and release fluoride over time. They are classified into conventional, resin-modified, and metal-reinforced types. Glass ionomer cements set via an acid-base reaction between a fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder and an aqueous polyalkenoic acid liquid. They offer advantages like adhesion, fluoride release, and marginal sealing but are also brittle and soluble. Glass ionomer cements are used for luting, restorations, liners, fissure sealants, orthodontic applications, and core buildups.
The document outlines the trial fitting procedure for dental restorations. It discusses adjusting the occlusion and proximal contacts without anesthesia if possible. It also notes to postpone cementing if the tooth is sensitive and never to cement over a symptomatic tooth. The key steps of the evaluation are to ensure proper proximal contacts, complete marginal adaptation, correct occlusal adjustment, proper contours, and esthetics from a conversational distance.
Finals lecture- direct composite & historyEmjei Mendoza
This document provides information on various types of direct and indirect tooth-colored restorative materials and procedures. It discusses class I, II, III, V, and VI cavity preparations for direct composite restorations. It also describes indirect restorations including heat-cured composite inlays/onlays and ceramic inlays/onlays made from machinable ceramics, feldspathic porcelain, or hot-pressed ceramics. The chronological development of restorative materials is summarized starting from gold and silicate cements and progressing to composite resins, glass ionomer cements, and various hybrid composites.
Fixed prosthodontics deals with replacing missing teeth or teeth structures with permanent artificial substitutes like crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, and veneers. It restores teeth using fixed restorations that are permanently cemented in place.
Some key terms are:
- Inlay - restores damaged tooth surfaces without covering cusps
- Clinical crown - visible portion of tooth above gums
- Fixed partial denture (bridge) - replaces one or more missing teeth by connecting to natural teeth on either side.
This document discusses the classification, composition, properties, and uses of direct composite restorations for class III, IV, and V cavities. It describes the different types of composites including conventional, microfilled, hybrid, flowable, and packable composites. The key differences between these types relate to their filler particle size, filler loading, viscosity, and resulting mechanical properties. Hybrid composites are now predominantly used due to their balance of esthetics, strength, and universal applicability in moderate stress restorations.
This document discusses temporization, or the placement of interim restorations. It describes the importance of temporization for maintaining tooth vitality and position. Common problems with temporization include underestimating fabrication time and delays replacing temporaries with permanent restorations. The document outlines several techniques for fabricating temporary crowns from various materials to address these issues, including metal, acrylic, and polycarbonate crowns. It also lists cardinal requirements and limitations of temporary crowns.
Full coverage restorations include metal crowns, porcelain jacket crowns, and metal-ceramic crowns. Metal crowns provide great strength but poor aesthetics, while porcelain jacket crowns have the best cosmetic results but risk of fracture. Metal-ceramic crowns combine the strength of metal with the aesthetics of porcelain, making them suitable for teeth requiring esthetics or with extensive destruction.
Principles of tooth preparation in Fixed Partial DenturesVinay Kadavakolanu
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It summarizes that the all-ceramic crown preparation design requires the highest percentage of tooth structure reduction at 65.26%, while ceramic veneers require the lowest at 30.28%. Proper tooth preparation aims to preserve tooth structure, provide retention and resistance, maintain structural durability and marginal integrity, and preserve the periodontium. The amount and location of tooth reduction impacts these factors.
Glass ionomer cements were introduced in 1972 as tooth-colored restorative materials that bond chemically to dental tissues and release fluoride over time. They are classified into conventional, resin-modified, and metal-reinforced types. Glass ionomer cements set via an acid-base reaction between a fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder and an aqueous polyalkenoic acid liquid. They offer advantages like adhesion, fluoride release, and marginal sealing but are also brittle and soluble. Glass ionomer cements are used for luting, restorations, liners, fissure sealants, orthodontic applications, and core buildups.
The document outlines the trial fitting procedure for dental restorations. It discusses adjusting the occlusion and proximal contacts without anesthesia if possible. It also notes to postpone cementing if the tooth is sensitive and never to cement over a symptomatic tooth. The key steps of the evaluation are to ensure proper proximal contacts, complete marginal adaptation, correct occlusal adjustment, proper contours, and esthetics from a conversational distance.
Finals lecture- direct composite & historyEmjei Mendoza
This document provides information on various types of direct and indirect tooth-colored restorative materials and procedures. It discusses class I, II, III, V, and VI cavity preparations for direct composite restorations. It also describes indirect restorations including heat-cured composite inlays/onlays and ceramic inlays/onlays made from machinable ceramics, feldspathic porcelain, or hot-pressed ceramics. The chronological development of restorative materials is summarized starting from gold and silicate cements and progressing to composite resins, glass ionomer cements, and various hybrid composites.
Fixed prosthodontics deals with replacing missing teeth or teeth structures with permanent artificial substitutes like crowns, bridges, inlays, onlays, and veneers. It restores teeth using fixed restorations that are permanently cemented in place.
Some key terms are:
- Inlay - restores damaged tooth surfaces without covering cusps
- Clinical crown - visible portion of tooth above gums
- Fixed partial denture (bridge) - replaces one or more missing teeth by connecting to natural teeth on either side.
This document discusses the classification, composition, properties, and uses of direct composite restorations for class III, IV, and V cavities. It describes the different types of composites including conventional, microfilled, hybrid, flowable, and packable composites. The key differences between these types relate to their filler particle size, filler loading, viscosity, and resulting mechanical properties. Hybrid composites are now predominantly used due to their balance of esthetics, strength, and universal applicability in moderate stress restorations.
This document discusses temporization, or the placement of interim restorations. It describes the importance of temporization for maintaining tooth vitality and position. Common problems with temporization include underestimating fabrication time and delays replacing temporaries with permanent restorations. The document outlines several techniques for fabricating temporary crowns from various materials to address these issues, including metal, acrylic, and polycarbonate crowns. It also lists cardinal requirements and limitations of temporary crowns.
Full coverage restorations include metal crowns, porcelain jacket crowns, and metal-ceramic crowns. Metal crowns provide great strength but poor aesthetics, while porcelain jacket crowns have the best cosmetic results but risk of fracture. Metal-ceramic crowns combine the strength of metal with the aesthetics of porcelain, making them suitable for teeth requiring esthetics or with extensive destruction.
Principles of tooth preparation in Fixed Partial DenturesVinay Kadavakolanu
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It summarizes that the all-ceramic crown preparation design requires the highest percentage of tooth structure reduction at 65.26%, while ceramic veneers require the lowest at 30.28%. Proper tooth preparation aims to preserve tooth structure, provide retention and resistance, maintain structural durability and marginal integrity, and preserve the periodontium. The amount and location of tooth reduction impacts these factors.
Dental amalgam is an alloy used in dental fillings that contains mercury and other metals such as silver, tin, and copper. It consists of three phases when mixed - a silver-tin phase and two mercury phases that combine with silver and tin. The mercury phases harden over time through processes of solution and crystallization. Sources of mercury exposure for dental professionals include vapors from stored amalgam materials, aerosols from mixing devices, spills during procedures, removing old fillings, waste products, and traces of mercury in facilities. Proper mercury hygiene management aims to reduce exposures from these sources.
The document summarizes different types of dental cements used for cementation of restorations. It discusses the bonding mechanisms of nonadhesive luting, micromechanical bonding, and molecular adhesion. It then describes six main types of dental cements - zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate, zinc oxide eugenol, glass ionomer, resin luting, and hybrid ionomer cements - and provides key details about their compositions, strengths, weaknesses, and applications. Finally, it outlines the basic steps for cementation of a restoration, including mixing the cement, coating the crown, placement on the tooth, removing excess, and ensuring proper contacts.
Post insertion adjustment and follow up careEmjei Mendoza
The document provides information on post-insertion care and management of fixed dental prostheses. It discusses checking occlusion, removing excess cement, instructing patients on home care, and scheduling regular recall appointments. Common complications like dental caries, periodontal disease, pain, and loose retainers are outlined. Signs and management of issues like occlusal dysfunction, endodontic failure, fractured connectors, and broken porcelain are also summarized. Regular follow-up care is emphasized to ensure the long-term success of fixed restorations.
Gingival retraction and impression takingEmjei Mendoza
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses the classification and components of fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It describes the different types of FPDs including simple rigid bridges, semi-fixed bridges, and cantilever bridges. The components of an FPD include abutment teeth, retainers, pontics, and connectors. It also lists 19 factors that influence the selection of FPD components and design, such as crown length, root form, occlusion, periodontal health, and esthetics.
The document discusses the process of restoring an endodontically treated tooth with a cemented dowel crown. Key steps include assessing the tooth for treatment, preparing the tooth by removing filling material and enlarging the canal, fabricating a post that is fitted to the canal size and shape, and cementing the post and core into place. Care must be taken during preparation to minimize removal of tooth structure and avoid perforations or fractures.
The document discusses different types of partial veneer crowns used for anterior and posterior teeth, including three-quarter crowns, seven-eighths crowns, modified three-quarter crowns, pinledge crowns, and porcelain laminate veneers. It provides indications and contraindications for each type and notes advantages like conservation of tooth structure and disadvantages like limited adjustment ability. Porcelain laminate veneers are described as involving minimal 0.3-0.5mm tooth reduction and being indicated for esthetics, discoloration, and diastema closure.
The document discusses different types of partial veneer crowns used for anterior and posterior teeth, including three-quarter crowns, seven-eighths crowns, modified three-quarter crowns, pinledge crowns, and porcelain laminate veneers. It provides indications and contraindications for each type and notes advantages like conservation of tooth structure and disadvantages like limited adjustment ability. Porcelain laminate veneers are recommended for masking tooth defects with a minimal 0.3-0.5mm preparation depth.
The document provides instructions for creating and modifying charts in Excel. It describes the Chart Wizard tool for quickly generating charts with 4 easy steps. It then identifies the different parts of a chart like the plot area, data series, labels, axes, legend, and background. Finally, it lists 14 common chart types in Excel like column, bar, line, pie, scatter, area, and doughnut charts as well as specialized chart types.
Dental amalgam is an alloy used in dental fillings that contains mercury and other metals such as silver, tin, and copper. It consists of three phases when mixed - a silver-tin phase and two mercury phases that combine with silver and tin. The mercury phases harden over time through processes of solution and crystallization. Sources of mercury exposure for dental professionals include vapors from stored amalgam materials, aerosols from mixing devices, spills during procedures, removing old fillings, waste products, and traces of mercury in facilities. Proper mercury hygiene management aims to reduce exposures from these sources.
The document summarizes different types of dental cements used for cementation of restorations. It discusses the bonding mechanisms of nonadhesive luting, micromechanical bonding, and molecular adhesion. It then describes six main types of dental cements - zinc phosphate, polycarboxylate, zinc oxide eugenol, glass ionomer, resin luting, and hybrid ionomer cements - and provides key details about their compositions, strengths, weaknesses, and applications. Finally, it outlines the basic steps for cementation of a restoration, including mixing the cement, coating the crown, placement on the tooth, removing excess, and ensuring proper contacts.
Post insertion adjustment and follow up careEmjei Mendoza
The document provides information on post-insertion care and management of fixed dental prostheses. It discusses checking occlusion, removing excess cement, instructing patients on home care, and scheduling regular recall appointments. Common complications like dental caries, periodontal disease, pain, and loose retainers are outlined. Signs and management of issues like occlusal dysfunction, endodontic failure, fractured connectors, and broken porcelain are also summarized. Regular follow-up care is emphasized to ensure the long-term success of fixed restorations.
Gingival retraction and impression takingEmjei Mendoza
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses the classification and components of fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It describes the different types of FPDs including simple rigid bridges, semi-fixed bridges, and cantilever bridges. The components of an FPD include abutment teeth, retainers, pontics, and connectors. It also lists 19 factors that influence the selection of FPD components and design, such as crown length, root form, occlusion, periodontal health, and esthetics.
The document discusses the process of restoring an endodontically treated tooth with a cemented dowel crown. Key steps include assessing the tooth for treatment, preparing the tooth by removing filling material and enlarging the canal, fabricating a post that is fitted to the canal size and shape, and cementing the post and core into place. Care must be taken during preparation to minimize removal of tooth structure and avoid perforations or fractures.
The document discusses different types of partial veneer crowns used for anterior and posterior teeth, including three-quarter crowns, seven-eighths crowns, modified three-quarter crowns, pinledge crowns, and porcelain laminate veneers. It provides indications and contraindications for each type and notes advantages like conservation of tooth structure and disadvantages like limited adjustment ability. Porcelain laminate veneers are described as involving minimal 0.3-0.5mm tooth reduction and being indicated for esthetics, discoloration, and diastema closure.
The document discusses different types of partial veneer crowns used for anterior and posterior teeth, including three-quarter crowns, seven-eighths crowns, modified three-quarter crowns, pinledge crowns, and porcelain laminate veneers. It provides indications and contraindications for each type and notes advantages like conservation of tooth structure and disadvantages like limited adjustment ability. Porcelain laminate veneers are recommended for masking tooth defects with a minimal 0.3-0.5mm preparation depth.
The document provides instructions for creating and modifying charts in Excel. It describes the Chart Wizard tool for quickly generating charts with 4 easy steps. It then identifies the different parts of a chart like the plot area, data series, labels, axes, legend, and background. Finally, it lists 14 common chart types in Excel like column, bar, line, pie, scatter, area, and doughnut charts as well as specialized chart types.