Regional Planning Notes

Regional Planning Important Notes.................

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WHAT IS GROWTH POLE THEORY PPT.pptx

Abhishek Gupta

The Growth Pole Theory proposes that economic development does not occur uniformly across a region, but rather concentrates around specific industrial "poles" or clusters. As key industries in these poles expand, they stimulate linked industries and drive regional growth outward from the pole through inter-industry linkages and multiplier effects. Three factors that contribute to growth pole development are external economies of scale, industrial agglomeration, and forward and backward production linkages between industries. While influential, the Growth Pole Theory has been criticized for not addressing problems like urban poverty and income inequality within regions.

Types and delineation of regions ppt

This document discusses different types of regions and methods for delineating regions. There are three main types of regions: formal, functional, and perceptual/vernacular. Formal regions have officially defined boundaries, functional regions are defined by economic or other processes within them, and perceptual regions reflect cultural attitudes. Methods for delineating regions include weighted index numbers, factor analysis, flow analysis and gravitational analysis. These methods group areas based on shared characteristics like socioeconomic factors or the intensity of interactions between locations.

Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geography

Kamrul Islam Karim

Urban geography is the study of urban areas and cities, their development, spatial patterns, and interactions within the surrounding environment. It examines the site and evolution of cities and towns, as well as their morphology, classification, and the economic and social impacts of urbanization. The scope of urban geography has expanded over time to consider cities not just as physical entities but as complex systems influenced by cultural, political, and historical factors.

Growth pole theory

Parth Sadaria

The document discusses the growth pole theory introduced by French economist Francis Perroux. The theory proposes that economic growth does not occur uniformly across a region, but rather concentrates around specific poles or points of growth. A growth pole is defined as a central location of economic activity that ignites growth and improves quality of life in surrounding areas. The document provides examples of Vallabh Vidyanagar and Ankleshwar in India which developed from educational and industrial growth poles respectively, attracting new economic clusters and population agglomerations around the initial primary poles.

Concept and need for regional planning

AlbertRaja6

Regional planning is needed to promote balanced development across urban and rural areas in a region. A region typically includes cities, towns and surrounding rural countryside that are connected through population growth and expansion. Regional plans aim to decentralize development, conserve resources, rectify disparities, and ensure equity through balanced development of industry and agriculture. Regional planning is necessary to efficiently allocate land use and infrastructure, allow growth across a larger area, protect resources like forests and wildlife, and address issues like pollution, migration and lack of opportunities in a harmonious manner.

Theories and models for Regional planning and development

Kamlesh Kumar

Regional planning ppt

shradha arun

Regional planning deals with efficient placement of land uses like farmland, cities, infrastructure, and wilderness across a larger area than individual towns. A region requires various land uses to support protection of farmland, cities, industry, transportation, and other needs. Regional development addresses region-wide environmental, social and economic issues through efficient infrastructure placement and zoning to sustainably grow a region.

Planning regions of india

Charu Jaiswal

Recommandé

WHAT IS GROWTH POLE THEORY PPT.pptx

Abhishek Gupta

Types and delineation of regions ppt

Definition,meaning, scope,approach, and aim of urban-geography

Kamrul Islam Karim

Growth pole theory

Parth Sadaria

Concept and need for regional planning

AlbertRaja6

Theories and models for Regional planning and development

Kamlesh Kumar

Regional planning ppt

shradha arun

Planning regions of india

Charu Jaiswal

THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL PLANNING

This document discusses the development of regional planning, outlining some of the key issues that initiated its conception. It identifies societal problems like economic, social, political, administrative, physical, and cultural challenges. Early developments included the South Wales Regional Survey in 1920 and the Doncaster Regional Planning Scheme in 1922, seen as a forerunner in Britain. Over time, regional planning aimed to address problems like depressed areas and unemployment, unequal economic growth across regions, overcrowding in major cities, inefficient administration, and lack of autonomy and equality in some areas. Case studies of Britain and Wales are provided to illustrate how regional planning principles have been applied over decades to tackle diverse regional issues.

City region

A city region is a metropolitan area and surrounding areas that function together economically. It typically includes multiple administrative districts but shares resources like a central business district, labor market, and transportation network. City regions are defined by dominant commuting patterns rather than arbitrary boundaries. Over time, city regions change shape as populations and economic activity shift. A city's influence decreases with distance from its center, but it exerts dominance over surrounding towns and cities through provision of specialized services. In India, city regions have formed around major cities through clusters of urban settlements in their areas of influence.

Scope of settlement geography

Prof. A.Balasubramanian

REGIONAL PLANNING

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

Regional planning is important for several reasons including addressing cultural differences, urbanization challenges, and economic issues between regions. There are two main approaches to regional planning: intra-regional which focuses on land use and meeting needs within a region, and inter-regional which aims to balance economic growth, employment, and development between regions. Examples of regional planning in Kenya include the 1978 Human Settlement Strategy and the Kenya Vision 2030 development framework. In summary, regional planning plays a significant role in country development by taking approaches between and within regions at an intermediate level between national and local plans.

Primate city and Rank Size Rule

CoEP

Rank size rule and primate city concept

Tryambakesh Shukla

MORPHOLOGY OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS

Praveen Mukati

The document discusses the morphology and socio-spatial structure of rural settlements in India. It describes how settlement morphology examines the layout, plan, and internal components of villages in relation to their physical and socio-economic spaces. Caste plays a major role in determining the internal structure, with higher castes typically occupying the central areas and lower castes on the peripheries. The case study of Sangawali village in Uttar Pradesh illustrates this caste-based spatial organization, with Brahmins and Rajputs at the center and untouchable castes on the outskirts.

Definition, nature and scope of population geography

Population geography is the study of human population distribution and dynamics across different regions. It examines how numbers, characteristics, and movement of people vary based on environmental and cultural factors in an area. G.T. Trewartha is considered the father of population geography for establishing it as a distinct subfield in the 1950s and proposing what topics it encompasses. Population geography analyzes absolute population sizes, qualities like age and sex ratios, and dynamics including fertility, mortality, and migration patterns. It also relates population trends to variables like resources, development levels, and government policies. As an interdisciplinary field, it interconnects with demography, sociology, economics, history and other social sciences.

Von thunen theory of agricultural land use

WESLEY MELI

Von Thunen's model of agricultural land use proposes that the type of agriculture in concentric zones around a central market city is determined by the transportation costs of different agricultural products. The model suggests that dairy farming and intensive agriculture will occur in the innermost zone due to high transportation costs for perishable products. Timber and firewood production is next as wood is heavy. Extensive grain farming is in the third zone as grains have lower transport costs. Ranching is in the outermost zone as livestock are self-transporting and have the lowest transport costs. The model aims to explain the balance between land costs and transportation in determining agricultural location patterns.

Christaller's central place theory

Nishla fathima

Central Place Theory proposes that settlements are arranged in a hierarchy based on their provision of goods and services. It assumes an even distribution of resources, population, and transportation costs. Central places provide market areas for goods and services, with higher-order settlements offering a wider range of goods and services to larger market areas. The theory outlines three principles: the marketing principle minimizes the number of settlements; the transportation principle minimizes road lengths; and the administrative principle ensures smaller market areas are enclosed within larger ones. Central Place Theory provides a framework for understanding urban hierarchies and has been applied to market planning and development projects, though its assumptions do not always reflect real-world conditions.

Levels, Patterns and Trends of Urbanization (World)

ShreemoyeeSaha1

1. What is Urbanization? 2. Levels of Urbanization in the World 3. Patterns of Urbanization in the World : Demographic Changes, Economic Development, Consumption Pattern, Urban Footprint. 4. Patterns of Urbanization in Asia. 5. Trends of Urbanization in the World : Past, Recent and Future Trends. 6. Timeline of Urbanization in the World (1950- 2050) 7. Projected Urban and Rural Population. 8. Urbanization and Sustainability.

Definition, Evolution and approaches of cultural geography.

RAJKUMARPOREL

Cultural geography is the study of culture and its relationship to place. It examines how cultures are distributed across space and how places and identities are produced. Cultural geography analyzes cultural values, practices, expressions, and artifacts, as well as cultural diversity and plurality. It considers how people make sense of places and develop a sense of place. Cultural geography focuses on cultural components like religion, language, architecture, and more, and how they differ around the world. It aims to understand the relationship between humans and their environments. Cultural geography developed from the work of Carl Sauer at UC Berkeley and emphasizes qualitative analysis over quantitative methods. Today, it includes specialized fields like feminist geography and urban geography.

Scope and content of population geography

Mithun Ray

This document provides an overview of population geography as an academic discipline. It discusses key thinkers who established population geography as a subfield of human geography. It also outlines major topics of focus for population geography, including population size and distribution, dynamics of growth, and qualities/characteristics of populations. The document contrasts population geography with related fields like demography and population studies, noting geography's emphasis on spatial variation and relationships between places. It also briefly discusses the development of population geography as a topic of study in India.

Urban & Regional Planning - Issues & Challenges

WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities

Urban and regional planning in India faces several issues and challenges. According to the document, planning is a joint responsibility of central and state governments, though land is a state subject, giving states a prominent role in implementation. The planning process involves preparation of state and regional perspective plans, district/metropolitan development plans, and master plans. Institutional issues include the need for statutory timeframes for plan formulation, implementation, and review. The document proposes amendments to state planning acts and restructuring planning institutions, and identifies major issues like lack of coordination, inadequate implementation and enforcement, and need for inclusive and integrated planning that addresses economic and environmental sustainability concerns.

Central place theory

Andhra University

Central place theory attempts to explain the spatial distribution and hierarchy of settlements. It was first presented by German geographer Walter Christaller in 1933 based on a study in southern Germany. The theory proposes that settlements form a hierarchy based on the goods and services provided, with higher order settlements further apart and providing more specialized functions. Central place theory is based on the concepts of threshold, the minimum population needed to support a service, and range, the maximum distance people will travel to access a service. Christaller suggested settlements would form hexagonal market areas in an ideal scenario. However, the theory makes simplifying assumptions and the perfect patterns are not seen in reality.

Von thunen’s model of agricultural land use

The Urban Unit

This presentation is based on a agricultural land use model around the city. This is the theory of urban Geography it describe the agricultural pattern and how should the agricultural activities perform around the city. basically this Model was put forwarded before industrialization and when there was no roads networks and this Model is not applicable in real word but is gives great ideas for developing new towns and cities.

The Paradigms of Geography

ArslanWaseer

The document discusses the concept of paradigms in geography. It defines a paradigm as a set of beliefs and assumptions that shape how one views reality in a particular field. It notes that major paradigm shifts have occurred in geography, such as Ptolemy's geocentric model being replaced by Copernicus' heliocentric model. The document outlines several paradigms that have influenced geography, such as the romantic analytical paradigm of early geographers like Ritter and Humboldt, and the political geography paradigm associated with the rise of nation states. It also mentions that geography currently lacks complete revolutions and paradigms shifts, but different schools of thought are seeking new paradigms to better understand geographical regions.

Weber least cost location theory

Kennyboo Brown

The Weber model of industrial location uses transportation costs to predict where industries will locate. It assumes firms face no risks and have identical production costs everywhere. Raw materials can be ubiquitous and found everywhere or localized in certain areas. Weber developed diagrams to show least cost locations. A straight line diagram shows the location when one raw material is localized and one is ubiquitous. A triangular diagram shows when two raw materials are localized. Isotims represent lines of equal transportation costs, while isodapanes connect points of equal total transportation costs to determine the overall least cost location. Agglomeration economies, or savings from locating near other firms, are also considered.

Multi Nuclei Model

Avishek Das

Growth foci concept

kvn virinchi

3D GIS for urban development

3D GIS brings enhanced depth into data collection and analysis by incorporating a z-value into mapping. Most commonly, that means including elevation data, but users have many options for adding layers of information. While 3D models are more difficult to create and maintain than 2D ones, there are myriad 3D GIS applications where this technology is greatly beneficial. The 3D-GIS in the Cloud main purpose is to evaluate the use-efficiency of both existing and planned spatial space.

AFFORADBLE HOUSING SHORTAGE IN INDIA: - A CASE STUDY OF SURAT

Causes of Housing Shortage in India can be list out as following: • Rapid population growth • Migration • Urbanization • Limited land supply • Affordability • War and Violence • Lack of financing etc Affordable housing is defined as any housing that meets some form of affordability criterion. The affordability criterion is different for different countries. For example in United States and Canada, a common accepted criterion for affordable housing is that the cost of housing should not be more than 30 percent of a household's gross income. Housing costs include taxes and insurance for owners, and utility costs.

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Tendances

THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL PLANNING

City region

Scope of settlement geography

Prof. A.Balasubramanian

REGIONAL PLANNING

Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi

Primate city and Rank Size Rule

CoEP

Rank size rule and primate city concept

Tryambakesh Shukla

MORPHOLOGY OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS

Praveen Mukati

Definition, nature and scope of population geography

Von thunen theory of agricultural land use

WESLEY MELI

Christaller's central place theory

Nishla fathima

Levels, Patterns and Trends of Urbanization (World)

ShreemoyeeSaha1

Definition, Evolution and approaches of cultural geography.

RAJKUMARPOREL

Scope and content of population geography

Mithun Ray

Urban & Regional Planning - Issues & Challenges

WRI Ross Center for Sustainable Cities

Central place theory

Andhra University

Von thunen’s model of agricultural land use

The Urban Unit

The Paradigms of Geography

ArslanWaseer

Weber least cost location theory

Kennyboo Brown

Multi Nuclei Model

Avishek Das

Growth foci concept

kvn virinchi

Tendances (20)

THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL PLANNING

City region

Scope of settlement geography

REGIONAL PLANNING

Primate city and Rank Size Rule

Rank size rule and primate city concept

MORPHOLOGY OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS

Definition, nature and scope of population geography

Von thunen theory of agricultural land use

Christaller's central place theory

Levels, Patterns and Trends of Urbanization (World)

Definition, Evolution and approaches of cultural geography.

Scope and content of population geography

Urban & Regional Planning - Issues & Challenges

Central place theory

Von thunen’s model of agricultural land use

The Paradigms of Geography

Weber least cost location theory

Multi Nuclei Model

Growth foci concept

Plus de Yash Shah

3D GIS for urban development

AFFORADBLE HOUSING SHORTAGE IN INDIA: - A CASE STUDY OF SURAT

Urban Poverty Alleviation

The Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation is an agency of the Government of India responsible for urban poverty, housing, and employment programs. It is involved in national policy decisions and coordinates with Indian central ministries, state governments, and central sponsor programs. The Ministry was created in 2004 after splitting it from the Ministry of Urban Development. The government, in 2017, merged the urban development and housing and urban poverty alleviation ministries as the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA). The Government of India has launched various programs since its independence, such as some of the five year plans, to alleviate poverty and address the widening income gap, both, amongst the upper and lower classes of society, and amongst the rural and urban parts of the country. For instance, the "Eighth Plan policy guidelines envisages integrated approach to alleviation of urban poverty and servicing the urban poor with basic facilities so that their quality of life improves. The scheme could not help in preventing growth of new slums. While newly launched programs like Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA), National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Food Security Act, Mid-day Meals and Bharat Nirman Yojana have demonstrated success in the initial stages, their performance over the long-run still remains to be seen. The shortsightedness of the Indian government often leads it to launch populist programs that may not necessarily work well. Low-hanging fruit like increasing worker's minimum wage can go a long way in achieving the goal of poverty alleviation, but are yet to be taken up in spite of reminders from leading economists.

Urban Poverty Alleviation

PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER – A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH CITY

This document provides an overview of the planning principles of Le Corbusier and how they were applied in the design of Chandigarh City in India. It discusses Le Corbusier's views on urban planning and city design. It then introduces Chandigarh City and describes how Le Corbusier's concepts of separate zones for living, working, recreation, and transportation were incorporated into the initial master plan for Chandigarh. The document also summarizes the current land use and proposed developments outlined in the Chandigarh Master Plan 2031.

PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER – A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH CITY”

The city has a pre-historic past. The gently sloping plains on which modern Chandigarh exists, was in the ancient past, a wide lake ringed by a marsh. The fossil remains found at the site indicate a large variety of aquatic and amphibian life, which was supported by that environment. About 8000 years ago the area was also known to be a home to the Harappans. Since the medieval through modern era, the area was part of the large and prosperous Punjab Province which was divided into East & West Punjab during partition of the country in 1947. The city was conceived not only to serve as the capital of East Punjab, but also to resettle thousands of refugees who had been uprooted from West Punjab. In March, 1948, the Government of Punjab, in consultation with the Government of India, approved the area of the foothills of the Shivaliks as the site for the new capital. The location of the city site was a part of the erstwhile Ambala district as per the 1892-93 gazetteer of District Ambala. The foundation stone of the city was laid in 1952. Subsequently, at the time of reorganization of the state on 01.11.1966 into Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pardesh, the city assumed the unique distinction of being the capital city of both, Punjab and Haryana while it itself was declared as a Union Territory and under the direct control of the Central Government. The Union Territory of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of the Shivalik hill ranges in the north, which form a part of the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. It is occupied by Kandi (Bhabhar) in the north east and Sirowal (Tarai) and alluvial plains in the remaining part. The subsurface formation comprises of beds of boulders, pebbles, gravel, sand, silt, clays and some kankar. The area is drained by two seasonal rivulets viz. Sukhna Choe in the east and Patiala-Ki-Rao Choe in the west. The central part forms a surface water divide and has two minor streams.

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)

ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) Principles and approaches of traffic ...

Traffic management measures are aimed at improving the safety and flow of traffic, reducing traffic emissions and utilizing traffic artery capacity more effectively. Traffic management is used to curb demand for transport and affect the selection of the mode of transport, route, or the time of travel or transport. In particular, it is utilized during the first stages of the four-step principle applied in the development of traffic conditions. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the application of computer, electronics, and communication technologies and management strategies in an integrated manner to provide traveler information to increase the safety and efficiency of the road transportation systems.

Urban Poverty Alleviation

Urban Housing Syudy notes

The document discusses housing forms suitable for Surat and Kathmandu based on climate conditions. It describes the traditional Newari house found in Kathmandu, which is usually a rectangular three-storey structure with timber frames. It also discusses common housing forms in Surat, including detached houses, townhouses, semi-detached houses, and duplexes/triplexes. The document then provides a detailed note on India's housing shortage, describing how the shortage is primarily driven by lower-income segments and discusses government initiatives like Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana to address the issue. It summarizes that the housing deficit has declined to 10 million homes due to these efforts.

Socio Economic planning Study Notes

The document discusses the concept of social ecology, which is defined as the study of the interaction between people and their environment. It provides various definitions and perspectives on social ecology from different institutions and scholars. Specifically, it examines the origins and development of social ecology at the University of Chicago in the 1920s. It also analyzes the intellectual foundations and different traditions that have influenced social ecology, such as evolutionary biology, urban sociology, and public health. The document explores how social ecologists view the environmental crisis as stemming from social hierarchies and domination within society.

Planning History Theory Study Notes

This document is an assignment for a course on Planning History & Theory from Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology in Surat, India. It contains 12 questions on topics related to urban planning frameworks, thinkers, the evolution of planning after the industrial revolution, and definitions of key planning terms. The assignment asks students to explain concepts like the urban planning system in India according to URDPFI guidelines, the works of planners like Ebenezer Howard and Le Corbusier, and the effects of industrialization on urbanization and planning.

Infrastructure and Transportation Planning Study Notes

This document discusses infrastructure planning and management. It begins by defining infrastructure and listing its various elements such as transportation, communication, and energy. It emphasizes the need for integrated planning of infrastructure development in urban areas to meet demands in a sustainable manner. Finally, it discusses the role of town planners in infrastructure networks and services, noting they must be qualified members of the planning institute and abide by its codes of conduct. The document provides information on infrastructure classification, the role of programs like JnNURM in development, and service level benchmarks for areas like water supply, sewerage, and stormwater drainage.

Urban Planning Techniques and Practices Notes

Tourism Planning & Development Notes

Smart Metropolitan Planning Notes

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM CIRCUIT: A CASE OF KABIRVADSTATUE OF UNITY-SARDAR SARO...

In Kevadiya, the mighty Narmada flows between the Satpura and Vindhayachal, slyly giving way to a smooth four-lane highway that leads to two remarkable structures: the Statue of Unity and the Sardar Sarovar Dam. Twice, it seems, the country has looked at Kevadia and both times in scale, the result has been quite remarkable. Driving up the highway, one can certainly rejoice in the fact that the Statue of Unity is far removed from the bustle of the cities. “Kevadiya is a shining example of eco-friendly development. On one side there is the dam and power generation equipment and on the other, there are beautiful eco-tourism sites around SoU”. After all, the charm of concrete skylines would fade rather quickly. Erecting the statue in a nondescript town not only puts it on the tourist map but also creates a playground of opportunities, one that the state government has been efficient to act upon. In Kevadiya there were new tourist facilities like eco-tourism site, nursery, butterfly garden and others will generate employment opportunities for the locals who would get big market for their vegetables, fruits and milk. However shrouded in controversy it may be, our first glance at the Statue of Unity was enough to make us gasp quite audibly. There was nothing quite like it. The sheer size of it seemed unfathomable, my whole self as tall as Sardar Patel’s tiniest toe.

A PLANNING PROPOSAL FOR TOWN PLANNING SCHEME SURAT NO. 77 (DUMAS-BHIMPOR-GAVIAR)

A Town Planning scheme popularly known as “Land Acquisition without Tears” is successfully practiced in Gujarat & Maharashtra to manage the urban growth. Gujarat state practices method of land management by land pooling & readjusting the same for the development in an organized and desired manner. These Method is Known as Town Planning Scheme & it involves Public Participation at all stages of Proposal & development. The Town Planning Scheme (TPS) thus is a legal document that is the basis for assessing and determining proposals for the use and development of land in the Town at micro level. In this report, the emphasis is given to study & analyses the integration & transformation of unorganized & haphazardly placed rural land parcels into usable form with accessibility & infrastructure provision identifying it as “Urban valuable land” with minimum land wastage. The study includes objectives & scope, terminologies, study of different land models , Legal aspect of Gujarat Town Planning & Urban development Act -1976, Town Planning Scheme methodology, T.P. Scheme Scenario of Surat city, study Of Existing T.P. Scheme, site visit for collecting the data & analysing & interpreting the same in various forms in all respects. This gives preparation of conceptual layouts with carving out of road as per the needed linkages with surrounding area, & well integrated road network accessing each & every plots, reshaped plots with reserved plots for various public amenities including reserved plots for economically weaker section (EWS) - urban poor to lift up the society, with sufficient open spaces. Thus T.P. Scheme is a tool for urban planner to Create Social & Community Spirit Opportunities at micro level of the society with better infrastructure facilities to all for their development. The proposal for T.P. Scheme includes the estimation of road, Infrastructure such as water supply, drainage, Street lights, Open spaces which are must for any development of land & to arrive the cost of development per hectare to arrive at the basic necessary amount required for development.

“SMART CITY: A CASE STUDY OF VADODARA

The aim of the Mission Smart City is to efficiently utilise the available Assets, Resources and Infrastructure to enhance the quality of Urban Life and provide a clean and sustainable environment for living and the main focus will be on core infrastructure services like adequate clean Water supply, Power supply, Sanitation, Disaster Management, Solid waste management, Waste water treatment, Efficient urban mobility and Public Transportation, Public Healthcare system, Education, Affordable Housing, robust IT connectivity, e-governance, Safety, Socialsecurity. Smart City needs Smart Citizens too, Smart City needs to be Safe City as well for citizens live a smooth life. Some definitional boundaries are required to guide cities in the Mission. In the imagination of any city dweller in India, the picture of a Smart City contains a wish list of infrastructure and services that describes his or her level of aspiration. To provide for the aspirations and needs of the citizens, urban planners ideally aim at developing the entire urban eco-system, which is represented by the four pillars of comprehensive development — institutional, physical, social and economic infrastructure. This can be a long term goal and cities can work towards developing such comprehensive infrastructure incrementally, adding on layers of ‘smartness’. In the approach to the Smart Cities Mission, the objective is to promote cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and application of ‘Smart’ Solutions. The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact areas, create a replicable model which will act like a light house to other aspiring cities. The Smart Cities Mission of the Government is a bold, new initiative. It is meant to set examples that can be replicated both within and outside the Smart City, catalyzing the creation of similar Smart Cities in various regions and parts of the country. In Smart Cities Mission Vadodara 2nd in PPP projects' progress Vadodara, which was selected to be part of the Smart Cities Mission in September 2016, had zeroed in on 62 projects worth Rs 2,817 crore in this regard. The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs had launched the India Smart Cities Award on 25 June, 2017 with an objective to reward cities, projects and innovative ideas. "Smart Utilization of Vadodara City's Potential for enhancing Quality of life for the citizens of Providing Equal Access to Best Quality Physical Infrastructure, Social Infrastructure and Mobility through leveraging state of the art technology; thus making Vadodara a Futuristic Global city with focus on enhancing economy, protecting the ecology and preserving the identity & culture of the city".

REGIONAL PLAN: A CASE OF MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION