SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 45
The Good, The Bad & The UGLY One Long, Dark Adventure in Construction Defect Litigation Presentation © S M Sanders
Uncovering Defective Conditions Discovery & Forensic Investigation The Ugly
Per testimony, Contractor drove over hubs, disturbed stakes, and then failed to resurvey prior to drilling piles.
Negligence: Contractor disturbed old surveyor hubs during construction and failed to timely or adequately resurvey building site in advance of pile drilling.
Negligence: Piles drilled and poured in wrong locations and out of plumb, compounding congestion problems that transferred up into building columns & walls
Gymnasium floor slab poured & finished out of specification tolerances by Contractor.
Contractor waterproofing failed in subterranean basement. BEFORE AFTER
Significant Contractor welding defects in structural steel, missed by original Welder, Inspector & Ultrasound Testing
Contractor Concealment The Bad
Culpability: Key Contractor Progress Photos produced during Litigation.
Contractor Progress Photos Depict Concealed Voids located by Contractor, hidden behind an Insulated Concrete Form Product
Contractor sack & patch in same location later discovered and examined during forensic Investigation
Contractor botched their secret repair undertaken without notice to Owner, Engineer or City Inspector
After discovering the true extent of their own defective work, the Prime and its Subcontractors failed to immediately stop work and notify the Owner, the Engineer of Record and the City as to their knowledge of various concealed job problems.
Forensic Analysis showed the Contractor had an isolated $150,000 problem and, by keeping a lid on it, turned it into a $2.5 Million disaster (inc. hard & soft repair costs, exclusive of 5 years of litigation costs, etc.), as their negligent methodology was then replicated again and again in pours throughout their after-progress on concrete construction.
Voids were found to be replete throughout the 3 Story, 22,000 sq. ft., structure designated A2.1 Public, with a max. 800 Person Occupancy, located in a Zone 4 Earthquake District.
Revealed Problem: Dozens of areas of significant daylight seen thru 8” PIP Walls
Revealed Problem: Poor Consolidation & Significant Structural Rock Pockets in virtually every PIP wall
Revealed Problem: Non-Engineered Vertical & Horizontal Cold Joints
Forensic Plan vs. As-Built & Progress Document analysis  showed that Prime & Subcontractors knowingly encountered obvious, patent plan inconsistencies in the building dimensions, and failed to generate RFIs, choosing instead to proceed in error.
As-built dimensional bust -- Contractor mislocated piles/columns in relation to walls when laying out steel & pours, setting Columns 1” to 3” too far south.
Finding a Solution Maintaining Public Safety But Still Mitigating Client Costs The Good
Project Forensic Construction Superintendent  commissioned an  internal/external construction control survey   & layout of the as-built construction
An elevation survey of the Gym Floor was commissioned to develop a remediation plan.
Ground Penetrating Radar & other methods were used in an attempt to locate hidden voids beneath the concrete surface.
Core testing utilized at selected locations
Attorney & Consultant Designed Forensic Mock Ups – Mimicking As-Built Placement Conditions and Misplaced Vertical Reinforcement
Forensic mock ups duplicated bad horizontal steel placement, other congestive conditions
Remediation Consultant-Designed Completion Mock Ups – Testing Various Mix Designs & Staging Times for Delivery, Placement & Vibration
Forensic  Mock-ups  show a sound  mix & placement methodology could have been utilized by Contractor in this application, supporting the continued use of the ICF product.
Eng. & City Approves Phased Repair Plans
The Fix Engineered, Selective Demolition & Repair, WITHOUT a costly complete tear down & replacement
8” Shotcrete On Basement Retaining Walls
Localized Demolition around Voids
Chase Down Rock Pockets & Cold Joints
Engineered Sack & Patch where possible
Total demolition & re-pour of Engineer Selected/City Approved Sections
Leveling Pour Above Repaired Walls
Choice made to continue the use of the ICF System with a proprietary Tall Wall Scaffolding after determining failures were contractor error.
Installation of defect-corrected structural steel on plumb-corrected walls & columns
Construction of a curtain wall to cover original contractor pile/column vs. wall dimension bust to the south, and other out-of-plumb conditions.
Tricky siding installation on as-built out-of- plumb but repaired walls
Gymnasium slab floor repaired & and hardwood installed
Completion & Occupancy
Litigation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

More Related Content

What's hot

Cement based solutions for early return to service
Cement based solutions for early return to serviceCement based solutions for early return to service
Cement based solutions for early return to serviceMECandPMV
 
IRJET-Email Tracking System
IRJET-Email Tracking SystemIRJET-Email Tracking System
IRJET-Email Tracking SystemIRJET Journal
 
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16Mark Brokaw
 
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a Project
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a ProjectHow to begin and complete a good structural design of a Project
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a ProjectAjit Sabnis
 
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineer
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical EngineerHow to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineer
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineerjbreedlove
 
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_Profile
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_ProfileM_Resort_Spa_Casino_Profile
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_ProfileRon Cole
 
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Finallennyalexander
 

What's hot (13)

Cement based solutions for early return to service
Cement based solutions for early return to serviceCement based solutions for early return to service
Cement based solutions for early return to service
 
IRJET-Email Tracking System
IRJET-Email Tracking SystemIRJET-Email Tracking System
IRJET-Email Tracking System
 
1088 1136 - highway safety-4
1088 1136 - highway safety-41088 1136 - highway safety-4
1088 1136 - highway safety-4
 
ITS Building Project - progress update 5
ITS Building Project - progress update 5ITS Building Project - progress update 5
ITS Building Project - progress update 5
 
Structural Audit In Pune- Construction Diagnostic Centre
Structural Audit In Pune- Construction Diagnostic Centre Structural Audit In Pune- Construction Diagnostic Centre
Structural Audit In Pune- Construction Diagnostic Centre
 
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16
MEB RESUME FINAL_2.21.16
 
Ittina Progress
Ittina ProgressIttina Progress
Ittina Progress
 
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a Project
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a ProjectHow to begin and complete a good structural design of a Project
How to begin and complete a good structural design of a Project
 
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineer
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical EngineerHow to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineer
How to Get the Most Out of Your Geotechnical Engineer
 
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_Profile
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_ProfileM_Resort_Spa_Casino_Profile
M_Resort_Spa_Casino_Profile
 
resume
resumeresume
resume
 
JamesWiseman Resume
JamesWiseman ResumeJamesWiseman Resume
JamesWiseman Resume
 
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final
2011 Plc Introductory Client Presentation Final
 

Similar to The Good, The Bad & The UGLY - A Construction Defect Case Study

Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdf
Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdfAl-Nemer evaluation report.pdf
Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdfmjnasarkhanjamal
 
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting works
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting worksBuildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting works
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting worksCSR Consultant and Associates
 
Construction Observation Tips
Construction Observation TipsConstruction Observation Tips
Construction Observation Tipsncengineer
 
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011Jamal Nelson, CCM
 
Building act 2006 presentation english version
Building act 2006 presentation english versionBuilding act 2006 presentation english version
Building act 2006 presentation english versionsitomise
 
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2Anne Arundel Community College
 
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2Anne Arundel Community College
 
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1Dan Caouette
 
Lecture_all.pdf
Lecture_all.pdfLecture_all.pdf
Lecture_all.pdfRanadita
 
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?Fernandes & Associates Pty Ltd
 
Project Description
Project DescriptionProject Description
Project DescriptionTed Webb
 
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An Introduction
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An IntroductionJ&P Building Systems Ltd - An Introduction
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An IntroductionJ and P Building Systems
 

Similar to The Good, The Bad & The UGLY - A Construction Defect Case Study (20)

Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdf
Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdfAl-Nemer evaluation report.pdf
Al-Nemer evaluation report.pdf
 
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting works
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting worksBuildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting works
Buildings structural audit and Civil repairs painting works
 
Construction Observation Tips
Construction Observation TipsConstruction Observation Tips
Construction Observation Tips
 
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011
Construction Monthly Progress Report - June 2011
 
ECS Food For Thought_ presentation Final2
ECS Food For Thought_ presentation Final2ECS Food For Thought_ presentation Final2
ECS Food For Thought_ presentation Final2
 
Studying an Accident investigation report.pdf
Studying an Accident investigation report.pdfStudying an Accident investigation report.pdf
Studying an Accident investigation report.pdf
 
Building act 2006 presentation english version
Building act 2006 presentation english versionBuilding act 2006 presentation english version
Building act 2006 presentation english version
 
Deterioration of Concrete
Deterioration of ConcreteDeterioration of Concrete
Deterioration of Concrete
 
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
 
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
ACH 231 Lecture 08 (Submittals And Shop Drawings) Part 2
 
13324396.pptx
13324396.pptx13324396.pptx
13324396.pptx
 
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1
CARGILLPROJOVERVIEW_rev1
 
Lecture_all.pdf
Lecture_all.pdfLecture_all.pdf
Lecture_all.pdf
 
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?
Why Do The Consulting Engineers Stress On Maintaining Pipe Casing Integrity?
 
Project Description
Project DescriptionProject Description
Project Description
 
Infrared heaters
Infrared heatersInfrared heaters
Infrared heaters
 
abdi cv
abdi cvabdi cv
abdi cv
 
distress of concrete
distress of concretedistress of concrete
distress of concrete
 
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An Introduction
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An IntroductionJ&P Building Systems Ltd - An Introduction
J&P Building Systems Ltd - An Introduction
 
M.Salah cv1
M.Salah cv1M.Salah cv1
M.Salah cv1
 

Recently uploaded

Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and pains
Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and painsValue Proposition canvas- Customer needs and pains
Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and painsP&CO
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...amitlee9823
 
Organizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with CultureOrganizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with CultureSeta Wicaksana
 
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdf
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdfDr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdf
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdfAdmir Softic
 
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...Paul Menig
 
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...Dave Litwiller
 
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayIt will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayNZSG
 
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...Roland Driesen
 
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...Dipal Arora
 
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableDipal Arora
 
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116 - With room Service
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116  - With room ServiceCall Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116  - With room Service
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116 - With room Servicediscovermytutordmt
 
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League City
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League CityHow to Get Started in Social Media for Art League City
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League CityEric T. Tung
 
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...lizamodels9
 
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usage
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usageInsurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usage
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usageMatteo Carbone
 
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdf
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdfGrateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdf
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdfPaul Menig
 
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...Lviv Startup Club
 
M.C Lodges -- Guest House in Jhang.
M.C Lodges --  Guest House in Jhang.M.C Lodges --  Guest House in Jhang.
M.C Lodges -- Guest House in Jhang.Aaiza Hassan
 
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesMysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesDipal Arora
 
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...rajveerescorts2022
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and pains
Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and painsValue Proposition canvas- Customer needs and pains
Value Proposition canvas- Customer needs and pains
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
 
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pillsMifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
 
Organizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with CultureOrganizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with Culture
 
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdf
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdfDr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdf
Dr. Admir Softic_ presentation_Green Club_ENG.pdf
 
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...
7.pdf This presentation captures many uses and the significance of the number...
 
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...
Enhancing and Restoring Safety & Quality Cultures - Dave Litwiller - May 2024...
 
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayIt will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
 
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...
Boost the utilization of your HCL environment by reevaluating use cases and f...
 
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
Call Girls Navi Mumbai Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Avail...
 
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Pune Just Call 9907093804 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116 - With room Service
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116  - With room ServiceCall Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116  - With room Service
Call Girls in Gomti Nagar - 7388211116 - With room Service
 
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League City
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League CityHow to Get Started in Social Media for Art League City
How to Get Started in Social Media for Art League City
 
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...
Call Girls In DLf Gurgaon ➥99902@11544 ( Best price)100% Genuine Escort In 24...
 
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usage
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usageInsurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usage
Insurers' journeys to build a mastery in the IoT usage
 
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdf
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdfGrateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdf
Grateful 7 speech thanking everyone that has helped.pdf
 
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
Yaroslav Rozhankivskyy: Три складові і три передумови максимальної продуктивн...
 
M.C Lodges -- Guest House in Jhang.
M.C Lodges --  Guest House in Jhang.M.C Lodges --  Guest House in Jhang.
M.C Lodges -- Guest House in Jhang.
 
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesMysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
 
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
 

The Good, The Bad & The UGLY - A Construction Defect Case Study