Wildlife Conservation

1. Wildlife Conservation
By Soma Pradhan

2. Topics Covered
What is Wildlife and its benefits
Understanding Food Chain
Deforestation and Threat to Wildlife
National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries
Biosphere Diversity
5 Animals Which have Extinct from India
Global Endangered Species
Mass Extinction Underway
Conservation Measures – The Last Chance…

3. Wildlife is any animal (including aquatic), insects, birds, reptiles, vegetation
(including Plants and Shrubs) that are part of the habitat. However, domestic
animals (pets) and cultivated plants are not included in the wildlife.
Wildlife help to maintain stability and health of the ecosystem.
Wildlife act as a natural air-condition which when destroyed causes global
warming, weather pattern changes, greenhouse effect.
Animals help in natural plantation. Insects and birds help in pollination.
Animals like squirrel bury seeds which when left help in germination.
Plants on the other hand provide O2 , provide shelter to many birds and
animals.
Plants make the world look beautiful. They help in manufacture of paper and
clothes.
They also help in making many medicines to fight diseases
What is Wildlife and its benefits?

4. Understanding Food Chain

5. Deforestation & Threat to Wildlife
Deforestation is the process of clearing away forests by cutting them
down or burning them
 People clear forests to use the wood, or to make way for farming or
development
Population growth, Industrialisation, urbanisation, modernisation have
all contributed to deforestation
Air, Water, Soil and noise pollution have multiplied by large factor and
have caused many habitats to become extinct due to presence of toxic
material in the environment clearly misbalancing the ecosystem
Indiscriminate killing and poaching of wild animals is another threat to
Wildlife
Many native species have already disappeared and their existence is
under threat

6. National Parks
A place were animals and plants of a particular habitat are protected and
preserved in natural surroundings
As of April 2012, India had
102 National Parks
Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand was
established as 1st National Park of India in 1936
Out of 17, nearly 10 National Parks have
been selected for Tiger projects to protect
and preserve the National Animal of the
Country
#
Top National
Parks
1 Jim Corbett
2 Kaziranga
3 Pench
4 Tadoba
5 Nagarhole
6 Bandipur
7 Kanha
8 Bandhavgarh
9 Gir
10 Ranthambore
11 Sunderban

7. Wildlife Sanctuary
A protected area of land, wetland or even a river or sea to conserve animals,
birds and plants.
o India has about 492 wildlife sanctuaries
o Unfortunately, its only 3% of the total geographical area
o Hunting is not allowed. However people can own the sanctuaries provided they do not
interfere the natural habitat of plants and animals
Important Sanctuaries
Keoladeo Bird Santuary
Chilika Lake
Madhumalai
Nagarjuna
Periyar

8. Biosphere Reserves
They are particular area including costal area where tribal
or local people are an integral part. Usually these group of
people who dwell very closely with local animals.
Govt of India has declared 18 biospheres
They are mostly divided into 3 parts :
Core Zone
Buffer Zone
Transition Zone

9. 5 Animals which have Extinct from India
Indian Cheetah mostly found in Rajasthan and Gujarat. It Extinct during
Mughal Era due to excessive hunting and sports.
Indian Aurochs once lived in hot and dry areas of India. We can now see
Indian Gaur a very similar species which is also endangered now.
Sumatran Rhinoceros used to be the smallest two horn rhinoceros. Now
we can find the one horn rhinoceros in Kaziranga only.
Pink-Headed Duck used to be one of the most beautiful bird found
throughout India became victim of human hunting.
Sivatherium : Tallest and fastest animal ever found in India.

10. Yangtze Finless Porpoise
There are as few as 1,000 of this highly
intelligent dolphin from the Chinese river
of Yangtz
Cross River Gorilla
There are around 200-300 left in the wild.
The Amur Leopard
There are only around 30 left, exclusively
in the Russian Far East.
Javan Rhino
The most threatened rhino species - there
are as few as 35 in Ujung Kulon National
Park in Java, Indonesia.
South China Tiger
It is believed to be 'functionally extinct',
with none of the species left in the wild.

11. MASS EXTINCTION UNDERWAY
Earth enters sixth extinction phase with many species including our own –
labelled 'the walking dead'
If present trend continues one half of all species of life on earth will be extinct
in less than 100 years
The rapid disappearance of species was ranked as one of the planet's gravest
environmental worries, surpassing pollution, global warming and the thinning
of the ozone layer.
The research, which cites climate change, pollution and deforestation as
causes for the rapid change, notes that a knock-on effect of the loss of entire
ecosystems could be dire

12. Conservation Measures
Government is doing its part through National Parks,
Sanctuaries and Biospheres
Organisation like World Conservation Union is doing its
part to spread awareness among people
Breeding of rare species should be encouraged
Poaching needs to be stopped
The unauthorised cutting of trees should be stopped
Increased awareness of the world’s current wildlife
The most important part is us who can make a
difference

13. Continue the
conservations
otherwise we
can loose each
other soon…