The explanation of smart grid technology is provided with the basic introduction.

1. 1
Introduction to Smart Grid
Technologies
Ang Sovann
National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia

2. I. Introduction
II. Traditional Grid
III. What is Smart Grid?
IV. Comparison
V. Components of smart grid
VI. Technology
VII. Advantage
VIII.Future of Smart grid
IX. Conclusion
Outline 2

3.  Global energy consumption is increased steadily.
 Green energy penetration still in limit.
 Technology is developed rapidly.
 Power system is modernized to a new term of technology era.
- Reliability, quality, and security - Economy( optimizing, efficiency)
- Sustainability ( Carbon foot print)
Introduction 3

4.  Designed to transmit and distribute power only.
 Out of date of technology in this century.
 Incapable of meeting today’s requirement.
Traditional Grid 4

5.  Smart Grid = Smart + Grid
 Smart = intelligent, neat, trim.
 Grid = electric grid, network of transmission,
substation, transformer that delivery power from
power plants to end users.
 The Korean Smart Grid Roadmap 2030:
“Smart grid is a next generation network that integrates information
technology into existing network power grid to optimize energy
efficiency through two-way exchange of electricity information between
suppliers and consumers in real time”.
What is Smart Grid? 5
Smart
Grid?

6.  The Strategic Deployment Document for Europe's Electricity Net-
works of the Future:
“Smart Grid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the
actions of all users connected to it – generators, consumers and those
that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and
secure electricity supplies. ”
 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST):
“Smart Grid is a grid system that integrates many varieties of digital
computing and communication technologies and services into the
power system infrastructure.”
What is Smart Grid? 6

7. Comparison 7

8. Components 8

9.  Advance Meter Infrastructure.
 Two-way communications.
 Accurate and detail of bills.
 Collect data periodically.
 Utilities can control consumer
‘s energy use.
Smart Meter 9
 Bidirectional flow record.
 Consumer can sell the
power back to grid.
 Consumer can cut of
energy cost.

10.  Home Energy Management System (EMS).
 Track the energy use in detail to better save energy.
 Set appliances to turn on/off automatically when a large demand
threatens to cause an outage, blackout.
 Get financial incentives
for doing so from utility
 Sell power back to grid
By mini-generation.
Smart Home/Appliances 10

11.  Many of appliances will be networked together through EMS.
 be able to respond to signals from energy provider to avoid using
energy during times of peak demand.
 Ex. smart air conditioner might extend its cycle time slightly to reduce
its load on the grid.
 smart dishwasher might defer running until off-peak hours.
Smart Home/Appliances 11

12.  Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PEV).
 charge it at the most optimal time
 when power demand is at its lowest.
 when wind power is typically at its peak.
Smart Home/Appliances 12

13.  Know clearly behavior of power generation resources to optimize
energy production.
 Use feedback from multiple points in the grid.
 To automate maintain voltage, frequency and power factor.
Smart Generation 13

14.  key component of smart distribution is outage detection and
response.
 Quickly indicate location of power outage point.
 Automatically switching to reroute and recovery the outage quickly.
 capable of detecting or even predicting cable and failures based on
real-time data about weather, outage history,
Smart Distribution 14

15.  Smart Substation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic
devices (IED).
 enables the substations to supply regional SCADA systems with
smarter, more useful data.
 facilitate more complex decision making and control.
 Self-monitoring and
control operational data.
Smart Substation 15

16.  If no participation from customer, Smart grid is invisible.
 Manage their power consumption to avoid power outage.
 buy/sell energy from/to the grid.
 Get incentives from utility by shifting their energy use to low peak
demand.
Customer Participation 16

17.  Integrate the renewable generation source to grid.
 Improve clean energy penetration to the system.
• Make low- carbon electrical power generation to be affordable.
Green Energy Penetration 17

18.  Integrated Communications
 data acquisition, protection, and control
 enable users to interact with intelligent electronic devices in an
integrated system.
Technology of Smart Grid 18

19.  Sensing and Measurement
 acquiring data to evaluate the health and integrity of the grid .
 automatic meter reading, elimination of billing estimates.
 prevent from energy stolen.
Technology of Smart Grid 19

20.  Advanced Components
 determine the electrical behavior of the grid.
 Can apply its application to integrate with other devices to make a
complex grid.
Technology of Smart Grid 20
 Phasor Measurement Unit
 Easy to detect abnormal waveform
shapes.
 magnitude and phase angle of the
sine waves.
 record grid conditions with great
accuracy and offer insight into grid
stability or stress

21.  Advanced Control Methods
 devices and algorithms that will analyze, diagnose, and predict grid
conditions.
 autonomously take actions to eliminate, mitigate, and prevent
outages and power quality disturbances.
Technology of Smart Grid 21

22.  Improved Interfaces and Decision Support
 convert complex power-system data into information that can be
easily understood by grid operators.
Technology of Smart Grid 22

23. Challenges 23
Smart
Grid
Traditional
Grid

24.  Cost
 Smart devices used in smart grid are
expensive which is a barrier for investor.
 Modernization of existing grid infrastructure.
 Government Support
 Utilities may not have capacity to fund new technology without aid of
government program.
 Participation from government
is needed to make it visible.
Challenges 24

25.  Equipment Compatibility
 Some old equipment must be replace as it is not compatible with
Smart Grid Technology.
 All devices must be compatible for working together.
Challenges 25

26.  Policy and Regulation
 Government or utilities might be hesitated for huge and expensive
project.
 Unless an attractive return on smart grid investments is encouraged,
utilities will remain reluctant to invest in new technologies.
Challenges 26

27.  Cooperation
 All consumer cooperation is essential to Smart Grid visible.
 Diverse utilities must be cooperated to install critical circuit ties and
freely exchange information to implement smart grid concepts.
Challenges 27

28. Advantages 28

29. Future Smart Grid Research 29
 New communication infrastructure for self-healing grid, enhancing
reliability, and power quality.
 Improvement network optimization.
 More RES integration.
 Plug- in Electric vehicle use.

30. Conclusion 30
 Smart Grid is the revolution of electrical network for modern society
and humanity in this 21st century.
 Power supply will be more reliable, affordable, qualified, and
quantitative.
 Green energy penetration will be improved.
 Government and utilities, consumer should have clear policy and
vision to participate to overcome the barriers or challenges to make
Smart Grid more visible.
 The more Smart Grid improved, the more green energy for better
future.