3. Irregulars
Preterite
Tener es tuve
Estar estuve
Ir es fui y también ser
Poner es puse
Poder es pude
Traje es para traer
Hacer; hice
Haber; hubo
Saber; supe
Querer; quise
Decir; dije
Venir; vine
Ver; vi
Dar; di
Y no acentos
Snapshot In time
ir
ar
é
amo
s
aste
ó
astei
s
í
imos
iste
istei
s
ió
ieron
aron
Imperfect
ía
aba
ábamo
s
abas
abais
aba
aban
íamo
s
ías
íais
ía
ían
5. Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns
Mi(s) Nuestro(a/os/as)
Tu(s)
Vuestro(a/os/as)
Su(s) Su(s)
Singular
Plural
Mío(a) Nuestro(a
)
Míos(a
s)
Tuyo(a Vuestros(a
)
s)
Tuyos(a Vuestros(as)
s)
Suyo(
Suyos(a Suyo(as)
Suyo(a)
Nuestros(a
s)
To form a possessive
pronoun:
• Use the long form of
the possessive
adjective
• Add el, la, los, las
based on the gender
and the number of
the noun
Attach the pronoun to a
reflexive when using a
reflexive in the infinitive
form
6. Usted and Ustedes Commands
Command forms are used to give orders or advice. Usted and ustedes can be
used to refer to a group of people or in formal situations. **Stem
changers
keep stem
change in
IRREGULARITY IN YO FORM- same irregularity in formal commands: command
s
Conducir, conocer, decir, hacer, ofrecer, oír, poner, salir, tener, traducir, traer, venir, &
HOW REGULARS ARE FORMED:
1) Drop the final –o of the yo form of the present tense
2) For –ar verbs, add –e or –en & for –ir –er verbs, add –a or -an
ver
Irregulars
-car, -gar, -zar verbs
In negative
have a spelling
commands, the
change:
pronouns precede
c > qu
the verb
g > gu
z>c
• To make a command negative, put a no
before the verb
• R&O pronouns attach to end of verb – add
accents
7. MUST:
2 clauses
Que
Verbos
**Subjunctive form of hay = haya
especiales
The subjects mood expresses the speaker’s attitude toward events,
2 subjunctive
actions, or states that the speaker views are uncertain or hypothetical
Present Subjunctive
To form it: 1) put in yo form of
verb, 2) drop the –o, 3) add the
subjunctive ending
-AR VERBS
PRESENT
SUBJUNCTIVE
-e
-emos
-es
-e
-car,-gar,-zar have
spelling change in all
forms
-ER,-IR VERBS
PRESENT
SUBJUNCTIVE
-a
-amos
IRREGULAR YO
-as
-en
-a
-an
USES:
-ar and –er stem
Will and influence
changers have same as
Emotion
Doubt, disbelief, and denial present indicative
-ir stem changers have
Indefiniteness and nonexistence
same + nosotros form
thingy
IRREGULARS
8. AconsejarTo advise
Sugerir(eei)To suggest
Rogar(o-ue)to beg, to
plead
Recomendar(eei)- to
recommend
VERBS OF
WILL AND
INFLUENC
E
Importar- to
be important,
to matter
Insistir (en)to insist (on)
Mandar- to
order
prohibirTo prohibit
9. Subjunctive with Verbs of Emotion
• When the main clause of a sentence expresses an emotion or feeling, use the
subjunctive in the subordinate clause
>Use the infinitive after an
expression of emotion when there
is no change of subject****
EX: Temo llegar tarde
(I’m concerned I’ll arrive late)
Ojalá que is
followed by the
subjunctive
TO FORM: main clause with verb of
emotion in the present indicative + que
then subordinate clause with subjunctive
verb according to second subject
10. Doubt, Disbelief, and Denial
• The subjunctive is used with expressions of doubt, disbelief, and denial
• The subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause when there is a change of
subject and the main clause implies negation or uncertainty
• Like in previous slide, use infinitive after no change in subject
es posible y es probable implies inherent
uncertainty and therefore triggers the
subjunctive in the subordinate clause, creer
expresses belief or certainty, followed by
indicitve
Quizás and tal vez imply an uncertain possibility
and are usually followed by subjunctive
11. Conjunctions
• words or phrases that connect clauses in sentences – introduce adverbial
clauses – always require subjunctive
• use the infinitive after the prepositions antes de, para, and sin when there is
not change in subject
• use the indicative if verb in main clause expresses habitual actions or past
action
• use the subjunctive in subordinate clause if main clause expresses future or
command
12. Month
Content
Aug. 5- Sept.
13
El carro y la
tecnología
UEQ:
Sept. 23Oct. 31
UEQ:
Vocabulary
Grammar
Culture
The car and its accessories
Imperfect/preterite/por y para/stressed
Tira cómica: El
Computers and electronic
possessive adjectives and pronouns
cellular
products
Tute
How does one discuss car issues in Spanish-speaking countries? How is technology used in Spanish-speaking
countries?
Hogar, dulce
The parts of a house;
Ud. + Uds. commands/present
Lectura:
hogar
household chores; table
subjunctive/subjunctive with verbs of will
¡Bienvenidos a la
settings
and influence
Casa Colorada!
América Central
How do you tell someone to do something?
Nov. 4Dec. 20
UEQ:
La naturaleza
The environment
Conservation
How can we protect our natural resources?
Subjunctive w/verbs of emotion/ doubt,
disbelief and denial/conjunctions
Lectura:
Dos fábulas
Jan. 7- Feb.
14
En la ciudad
Subjunctive in adjective clauses/ tú
commands/nosotros commands
Lectura: Esquina
peligrosa
América Central II
UEQ:
In what ways do communities and cities reflect Hispanic culture?
Feb. 24April 11
El bienestar
UEQ:
How do healthy habits differ from culture to culture?
April-14May 23
El mundo del
trabajo
UEQ:
Can you discuss your future plans and participate in an interview?
City life; giving directions
Banking and postal needs
Personal fitness and well-being
Nutrition
Professions and the workplace
Job interviews
Past participles used as adjectives/
present perfect/ past perfect
Future tense/ conditional tense/ past
subjunctive
Lectura: El viaje
Lectura:
Imaginación y
destino
España
